PERIOD 10 + 11 Preparing date:Teaching Date:

MEÄNH ÑEÀ QUAN HEÄ(RELATIVE CLAUSES)

Meänh ñeà quan heä laø meänh ñeà ñöôïc baét ñaàu baèng caùc ñaïi töø quan heä (relative pronouns) nhö

: who, whom, which, whose, that.

- The man who met me at the airport gave me the money.

Trong caâu treân, meänh ñeà “who met me at the airport” laø meänh ñeà quan heä trong ñoù “who” laø ñaïi

töø quan heä ñöôïc duøng ñeå thay theá tieàn vò töø (antecedent) “the man” vaø meänh ñeà coøn laïi “The

man gave me the money” laø meänh ñeà chính.1/ ví duï :

- The man gave me the money. He met me at the airport.

The man who met me at the airport gave me the money.

- This is the man. We saw him at the party yesreday.

This is the man whom we saw at the party yesterday.

- The pencil belongs to me. It is in your pocket.

The pencil which is in your pocket belongs to me.

- The car is very expensive. He bought it.

The car which he bought is very expensive.

- There is the man. His wallet was stolen.

There is the man whose wallet was stolen.

- The tree should be cut down. The branches of the tree are dead. The tree whose branches are dead should be cut down.

2/ Caùch duøng ñaïi töø quan heä:Chuû töø

(subject)Tuùc töø (object) Sôû höõu

(possessive)

For people

(Chæ ngöôøi) Who / that whom / who / that whoseFor things,

animals

(chæ vaät, thuù

vaät)

Which / that which / that whose

Thoâng thöôøng ta coù theå duøng that ñeå thay theá cho who, whom hoaëc which.

- The man that met me at the airport gave me the money.

- This is the man that we saw at the party yesterday.

- The pencil that is in your pocket belongs to me.

- The car that he bought is very expensive.

3/ Phaân loaïi : Ta caàn phaân bieät meänh ñeà quan heä laøm hai loaïi : meänh ñeà xaùc ñònh

(defining relative clause) vaø meänh ñeà khoâng xaùc ñònh (non-defining relative clause) :

(*) Defining clause:(hoaëc Restrictive clause)

- The man who met me at the airport gave me the money.

Ta goïi meänh ñeà who met me at the airport laø meänh ñeà quan heä xaùc ñònh vì noù raát caàn

thieát ñeå ñònh nghóa hoaëc giaûi thích cho tieàn vò töø the man. Neáu khoâng coù noù, töø the man

seõ raát mô hoà vaø ta khoâng bieát ngöôøi ñaøn oâng ñoù laø ai.

- The book (which / that) you lent me is very interesting.

- The man (whom / that) you met yesterday is coming to my house for dinner.

(*) Non-defining clause : (hoaëc Non-restrictive clause)

- Shakespeare, who wrote “Romeo and Juliet”, died in 1616.

Ta goïi meänh ñeà who wrote “Romeo and Juliet” laø meänh ñeà quan heä khoâng xaùc ñònh vì

noù chæ boå tuùc theâm nghóa cho tieàn vò töø Shakespeare neân duø coù boû ñi meänh ñeà naøy thì

nghóa cuûa caâu vaên vaãn roõ raøng. Meänh ñeà quan heä khoâng xaùc ñònh thöôøng ñöôïc ngaên

caùch bôûi daáu phaåy (tröôùc vaø sau meänh ñeà) vaø khoâng ñöôïc duøng that ñeå thay theá cho who,

whom hay which.

- My brother Jack, who came here last night, is an engineer.

- That house, which was built a few months ago, doesn’t look modern.

- Vietnam, which lies in Southeast Asia, is rich in coal.

Meänh ñeà quan heä khoâng xaùc ñònh ñöôïc duøng khi tieàn vò töø laø tieáng ñöôïc xaùc ñònh :

thöôøng laø danh töø rieâng chæ ngöôøi hay ñòa danh (Mr. Brown, Vietnam…), hoaëc danh töø ñi vôùi

caùc tính töø chæ ñònh (this, that…) hay tính töø sôû höõu (my, his, her, their…) hoaëc do ta töï qui ñònh

laáy.

- A man, who said he knew my father, asked me for money.4/ where, when vaø why trong meänh ñeà quan heä :

- That is the village in which I used to live.

That is the village where I used to live.

- Sunday is the day on which most people rest.

Sunday is the day when most people rest.

- There must be a reason for which you said that.

There must be a reason why you said that.

In (on / at) which --- (place)-- where

On (in / at) which ---(time )-- when

For which --(reason)-- why

Where vaø when coù theå ñöôïc duøng ñeå giôùi thieäu meänh ñeà xaùc ñònh vaø meänh ñeà

khoâng xaùc ñònh.

- We visited the town where I was born.(defining)

- I bought them at the supermarket, where I met Mrs.Brown.(non-defining)

- I saw the film last year, when I was in Paris.(non-defining)

- I think that was the time when I lost all my money.(defining)

Why thöôøng ñöôïc duøng trong meänh ñeà xaùc ñònh vaø thöôøng theo sau a reason hay the reason.

- That is the reason why I didn’t come to the party yesterday.

Where, when vaø why ñöôïc goïi laø traïng töø quan heä (relative adverbs)EXERCISE I : Write who, that, which, or nothing to complete these sentences :

1/ Have you got the money ___________ I lent you yesterday ?

2/ Peter, ___________ I had seen earlier, wasn’t at the party.

3/ This is the machine ___________ cost half a million pounds.

4/ Mary, ___________ had been listening to the conversation, looked angry.

5/ Have you read the book ___________ I gave you ?

6/ The house, ___________ they bought three months ago, looks lovely.

7/ Mrs.Jackson, ___________ had been very ill, died yesterday.

8/ Is this the person ___________ stole your handbag ?

9/ The dog, ___________ had been very quiet, suddenly started barking.

10/ I didn’t receive the letters ___________ she sent me.

11/ My mother, ___________ hadn’t been expecting visitors, looked surprised.

12/ The old man, ___________ had been talking to them earlier, knew that they were in the building.

13/ The horse, ___________ had been injured by the flying stones, was very frightened.

14/ We didn’t like the secetary ___________ the agency sent.

15/ I didn’t find the money ___________ you said you’d left.

EXERCISE II : Join each pair of sentences using relative pronouns :

1/ This is the man. I met him in Paris.

- ________________________________________________

2/ I wanted the painting. You bought it.

- ________________________________________________

3/ This is the chair. My parents gave it to me.

- ________________________________________________

4/ She’s the woman. She telephoned the police.

- ________________________________________________

5/ He’s the person. He wanted to buy your house.

- ________________________________________________

6/ We threw out the computer. It never worked properly.

- ________________________________________________

7/ This is the lion. It’s been ill recently.

- ________________________________________________

8/ The man was badly injured. He was driving the car.

- ________________________________________________

9/ The children broke the window. They live in the next street.

- ________________________________________________

10/ That’s the woman. I was telling you about her.

- ________________________________________________EXERCISE III : Combine these pairs of sentences using relative pronouns:

1/ There’s the lady. Her dog was killed.

- ________________________________________________

2/ That’s the man. He’s going to buy the company.

- ________________________________________________

3/ He’s the person. His car was stolen.

- ________________________________________________

4/ She’s the new doctor.The doctor’s coming to the hospital next week.

- ________________________________________________

5/ She’s the journalist. Her article was on the front page of The Times.

- ________________________________________________

6/ They’re the people. Their shop burned down last week.

- ________________________________________________

7/ That’s the sales director. He’s leaving in March.

- ________________________________________________

8/ I’m the person. You stayed in my flat.

- ________________________________________________

9/ That’s the boy. He’s just got a place at university.

- ________________________________________________

10/ I’m the one. My flat was broken into.

- ________________________________________________EXERCISE IV : Join each pair of sentences using relative pronouns :

1/ The man didn’t come back again. I shouted at him.

- ________________________________________________

2/ The television never worked again. I dropped it

- ________________________________________________

3/ The machine was broken. I hired it.

- ________________________________________________

4/ The clothes were beautiful. She bought some clothes.

- ________________________________________________

5/ The wall fell down after three weeks. They built the wall.

- ________________________________________________

6/ The policeman wasn’t very helpful. I asked him.

- ________________________________________________

7/ I didn’t really like the car. We bought it.

- ________________________________________________

8/ I lost the money. I borrowed it from John.

- ________________________________________________

9/ I really liked the new teacher. They sent the new teacher.

- ________________________________________________

10/ I sacked a sales assistant. I had a terrible argument with him.

- ________________________________________________EXERCISE V : Write where, when, or why to complete these sentences.

1/ We visited the school ___________ my father taught.

2/ I met her last month, ___________ she came to our house.

3/ We all looked at the place ___________ the fire had started.

4/ Did they tell you the reason ___________ they were late?

5/ The cat sat on the wall ___________ it had a good view of the birds.

6/ They arrived in the evening, at a time ___________ we were all out.

7/ I couldn’t understand the reason ___________ they were so rude.

8/ I met him in the cafeù ___________ he was working as a waiter.

9/ I listen to music late at night, ___________ the children have gone to bed.

10/ I bought them in August, ___________ I was in France.EXERCISE VI : Join each pair of sentences using relative pronouns or adverbs.

1/ We need a room. We can study in that room.

- ________________________________________________

2/ Swimming makes people strong. It is a good sport.

- ________________________________________________

3/ This is Mrs.Jones. Her son won the championship last year.

- ________________________________________________

4/ The Smiths were given rooms in the hotel. Their house had been destroyed in the explosion.

- ________________________________________________

5/ He invited her to eat out on a day. It rained heavily on that day.

- ________________________________________________

6/ The house was built in 1945. They are living in that house.

- ________________________________________________

7/ The reason was that he didn’t want to make her worried. He didn’t tell the truth for that reason.

- ________________________________________________

8/ The day was sunny. She arrived on that day.

- ________________________________________________

9/ I know the woman. You bought the car from her son.

- ________________________________________________

10/ Are you the man ? The man won the first prize.

Period: 12 Preparing date:

Teaching date:SO SAÙNH THÌ SIMPLE FUTURE

VAØ THÌ FUTURE CONTINUOUS

+ Thì Simple Future (Töông Lai Ñôn) dieãn taû moät haønh ñoäng seõ xaûy ra (coù hoaëc khoâng coù

thôøi gian xaùc ñònh ôû töông lai); coøn thì Future Continuous (Töông Lai Tieáp Dieãn) dieãn taû moät

haønh ñoäng lieân tieán taïi ñieåm thôøi gian xaùc ñònh ôû töông lai.

- He will go to the stadium next Sunday.

- We will / shall have the final test.

Haõy so saùnh :

- I will eat breakfast at 6 o’clock tomorrow. (Vaøo luùc 6 giôø saùng mai, toâi seõ baét ñaàu

duøng böõa ñieåm taâm.)

- I will be eating breakfast at 6 o’clock tomorrow. (Vaøo luùc 6 giôø saùng mai, toâi seõ ñang

duøng böõa ñieåm taâm.)

+ Trong caùc meänh ñeà traïng töø chæ thôøi gian (adverb clause of time) hay meänh ñeà ñieàu kieän

(adverb clause of condition), thì Simple Present ñöôïc duøng ñeå thay theá cho thì Simple Future.

- I shall not go until I see him.

- If he comes tomorrow, he will do it.

+ Chuù yù : WILL coøn ñöôïc duøng cho taát caû caùc ngoâi.

Exercise VIII : Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present or the simple future tense.

1/ We (go) __________ out when the rain (stop) __________.

2/ I (stay) _________ here until he (answer) __________ me.

3/ Wait until I (catch) __________ you.

4/ I (be) _________ ready before you (count) _________ ten.

5/ John must eat his breakfast before he (go) __________ out.

6/ Miss Helen (help) ___________ you as soon as she (finish) _________ that letter.

7/ He (tell) _________ you when you (get) __________ there.

8/ She (not come) __________ until you (be) _________ ready.

9/ He (tell) __________ you when you (ask) __________ him.

10/ I (come) ________ and (see) _________ you before I (leave) ________ for England.

Period: 13 +14 Preparing date:

Teaching date:

FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE, PRESENT CONTINUOS TENSE + EXERCISES

* Thì Simple Present ñöôïc duøng ñeå chæ moät haønh ñoäng dieãn ra trong thôøi gian noùi chung,

khoâng nhaát thieát phaûi laø thôøi gian ôû hieän taïi. Thôøi gian noùi chung laø thôøi gian maø söï vieäc

dieãn ra moãi ngaøy (every day), moãi tuaàn (every week), moãi thaùng (every month), moãi naêm

(every year), moãi muøa (every spring / summer / autumn / winter)…

- He goes to school every day.

- Mrs Brown travels every summer.

* Thì Present Continuous ñöôïc duøng ñeå chæ moät haønh ñoäng ñang xaûy ra (a current activity)

hay moät söï vieäc chuùng ta ñang laøm baây giôø (now/ at present/ at this moment), hoâm nay

(today), tuaàn naøy (this week), naêm nay (this year)…

- We are learning English now.

- Mary is playing the piano at the moment.

Haõy so saùnh : - I work in a bakery every day.

- I’m working in a bakery this week.* CHUÙ YÙ :

(1) + Thì Simple Present thöôøng ñöôïc duøng vôùi caùc ñoäng töø chæ tri giaùc (verbs of

perception) nhö : feel, see, hear… vaø caùc ñoäng töø chæ traïng thaùi nhö : know, understand, mean, like, prefer, love, hate, need, want, remember, recognize, believe…

+ Ngoaøi ra chuùng ta coøn duøng thì Simple Present vôùi ñoäng töø : be, appear, belong, have to…

+ Thì Simple Present coøn ñöôïc duøng vôùi caùc traïng töø chæ taàn suaát laäp ñi laäp laïi

(adverbs of frequency) nhö : always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, generally, rarely, never…

- That child needs care.

- This book belongs to me.

- He never comes late.

+ Chuùng ta cuõng duøng thì Simple Present ñeå chæ moät chaân lyù hay moät söï thaät

hieån nhieân (a general truth).

- The sun rises in the east.

- Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom.

(2) Thì Present Continuous coøn ñöôïc duøng ñeå chæ haønh ñoäng ôû moät töông lai gaàn (a

near future action) vaø thöôøng ñi vôùi caùc traïng töø chæ töông lai nhö : tomorrow, next week, next month, next year, next summer… Exercise I : Put the verbs in brackets in the present simple or the present continuous

tense.

1/ I (have) __________ coffee for breakfast every day.

2/ My brother (work) __________ in a shoe store this summer.

3/ The student (look) ___________ up that new word now.

4/ She (go) __________ to school every day.

5/ We (do) __________ this exercise at the moment.

6/ Miss Helen (read) ___________ a newspaper now.

7/ It (rain) __________ very much in the summer. It (rain) _________ now.

8/ Bad students never (work) __________ hard.

9/ He generally (sing) __________ in English, but today he (sing) __________ in Spanish.

10/ We seldom (eat) __________ before 6.30.

11/ She sometimes (buy) ___________ vegetables at his market.

12/ Be quiet. The baby (sleep) ____________.

13/ We always (do) ___________ our exercises carefully.

14/ Look. A man (run) ___________ after the train. He (want) ___________ to catch it.

15/ It (be) __________ very cold now.

16/ John (travel) __________ to England tomorrow.

17/ I (need) ____________ some money for my textbooks.

18/ Tom (like) __________ to go to the museums.

19/ Mary (love) __________ ice-cream.

20/ My mother (cook) ___________ some food in the kitchen at present. She always (cook)

__________ in the mornings.

21/ I often (leave) __________ the city at weekends.

22/ The guests (watch) __________ the TV programmes now.

23/ I (see) ___________ you (wear) ___________ your best clothes.

24/ The sun (set)___________ in the west.

25/ My friend (study) __________ English for an hour every night.

26/ Listen. I (hear)___________ someone knocking at the front door.

27/ I (do) __________ an exercise on the present tense at the moment and I (think) __________ that I

(know) __________ how to use it now.

28/ Honesty (be) __________ the best policy.

29/ The earth (goes) __________ round the sun.

30/ Two and two (make) __________ four.

Period: 15 Preparing date:

Teaching date:PAST CONTINUOS + EXERCISES

+ Thì Past Continuous (Quaù Khöù Tieáp Dieãn) ñöôïc duøng ñeå chæ moät haønh ñoäng keùo daøi

trong quaù khöù töông öùng vôùi moät haønh ñoäng khaùc cuõng trong quaù khöù.

- I met him while he was crossing the street.

- She was going home when she saw an accident.

+ Thì Past Continuous coøn dieãn taû moät haønh ñoäng keùo daøi taïi ñieåm thôøi gian xaùc ñònh ôû

quaù khöù hoaëc hai haønh ñoäng lieân tieáp song song vôùi nhau.

- My father was watching TV at 8 o’clock last night.

- I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV.

Exercise V : Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past continuous tense.

1/ He (sit) __________ in a bar when I (see) __________ him.

2/ When I (go) __________ out, the sun (shine) __________.

3/ The light (go) __________ out while I (have) __________ tea.

4/ When it (rain) __________ , she(carry) __________ an umbrella.

5/ We (walk) __________ to the station when it (begin) __________ to rain.

6/ He (teach) __________ English for 2 months when he (live) in Germany and (work) __________ as a

journalist.

7/ The house (burn) __________ fast, so we (break) __________ the window to get out.

8/ He (eat) __________ three sandwiches while you (talk) __________ to him.

9/ The servant (drop) __________ two cups while she (wash up) __________ last night; neither of them

(break) __________.

10/ While I (write) __________ a letter, the telephone (ring) __________; as he (go) __________ to

answer it, he (hear) __________ a knock on the door; the telephone (still, ring) __________ while he (walk)

__________ to the door, but just as he (open) __________ it, it (stop) __________.

Period: 16 Preparing date:

Teaching date:

PRESENT PERFECT AND PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

+ Thì Present perfect (Hieän Taïi Hoaøn Thaønh) ñöôïc duøng ñeå chæ keát quaû cuûa moät tình

traïng ôû hieän taïi (the result of the present state), moät vieäc xaûy ra trong quaù khöù khoâng roõ thôøi

ñieåm, laäp ñi laäp laïi nhieàu laàn vaø keùo daøi ñeán hieän taïi.

+ Thì Present Perfect Continuous (Hieän Taïi Hoaøn Thaønh Tieáp Dieãn) ñöôïc duøng ñeå chæ söï

tieáp dieãn cuûa moät haønh ñoäng (the continuity of an action) cho tôùi hieän taïi.

- I have been waiting for two hours, but she has not come yet.

- He has been living here since 1975.

- We have been working in the garden all morning.

+ Thì Present Perfect Continuous coøn ñöôïc duøng vôùi caùc ñoäng töø nhö : lie, wait, sit, stand, study, learn, live, rest, stay…

- They have been learning English since 1995.

- The chair has been lying in the store window for ages.

Exercise III : Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the present perfect continuous tense.

1/ I (try) __________ to learn French for years, but I (not succeed) __________ yet.

2/ She (read) _________ all the works of Dickens.How many (you read) _________ ?

3/ I (wait) __________ here nearly half an hour for my girlfriend; do you think she (forget) __________

to come ?

4/ Mary (rest) __________ in the garden all day because she (be) __________ ill.

5/ Although John (study) __________ at the University for 5 years, he (not get) __________ his degree

yet.

6/ Jack (go) __________ to Switzerland for a holiday. He (never, be) __________ there.

7/ We (live) __________ here for the last six months, and (just, decide) __________ to move.

8/ That book ( lie) __________ on the table for weeks. You (not read) _________ it yet ?

9/ He (not be) ___________ here since Christmas; I wonder where he (live) __________ since then.

10/ He (lose) ___________ his books. He (look) ____________ for them all afternoon, but they (not turn

up) ___________ yet.

11/ She (work) ___________ so hard this week that she (not have) ___________ time to go to the

cinema.

12/ Your hair is wet. (You swim) __________ for a long time ?

13/ Bill is still a bad driver although he (drive)__________ cars for six years.

14/ You look very tired. (You work) __________very hard ?

15/ The phone (ring) __________ for 2 minutes, but I (not answer) __________ it yet.

Exercise IV : Put the verbs in brackets in the present tenses.

1/ I (be) __________ sorry. I (forget) __________ that fellow’s name already.

2/ Jack (look) __________ forward to his vacation next June.

3/ I (have) __________ no trouble with my english lessons up to now.

4/ Mr and Mrs Brown (be) ___________ in New York for 2 months.

5/ Michael (work) __________ 38 hours a week.

6/ At present, that author (write) ___________ a novel.

7/ George (do) __________ good work in this class so far.

8/ The weather( generally, get) __________ hot in July .

9/ You must wake her up. She (sleep) __________soundly for 10 hours.

10/ Listen! I (think) __________ someone (knock) __________ at the front door.

11/ How long (you learn) __________ English?

12/ That student (know) __________ all the new words very well now.

13/ Alice (lose) __________ her Vienamese-English dictionary.

14/ Fred (just, graduate) __________ from Oxford University.

15/ The earth (circle) __________ the sun once every 365 days.

16/ That grandfather clock (stand) __________ there for as long as I can remember.

17/ That brown briefcase (belong) __________ to Dr.Rice.

18/ Jim (work) __________ on his report this year.

19/ Robert (wait) __________ for you since noon.

20/ That museum (stand) ___________ here for ceturies.

21/ The sun (get) __________ very hot during the afternoon.

22/ Tom (buy) ___________ a new car next week.

23/ The boys and girls (go) ___________ home after this lesson.

24/ Davis (play) __________ football every afternoon.

25/ Up to the present, we (write) __________ almost every lesson in this book.