THE FRENCH REVOLUTIO

NAND

ITS CAUSES

French Revolution in briefBourbon dynasty

King LOUIS XVI ,1774

Queen MARIE ANTONIETTE

ROTTEN administration,

INEFFICIENT RULER-LOUIS

XVI

SELF CENTERD

QUEEN

UNEQUALITY IN FRANCE

OLD REGIME

3 ESTATESBURDEN OF TAXES ON

COMMONARS

Bankruptcy

No freedom of expression and press

Defective judicial

system

Estates general ,

5 may 1789

Declaration of Rights of Man and citizens

Jacobins and Girondins

Constitution of

1791Declaration of Pillnitz

Louis XVI flight

Louis XVI executed,1793

Regin of

terrorConstitui

on of 1795

Napoleonic code

Constitutional

monarchy restored by Louis XVIII

Tennis court oath, 20 june 1789

Fall of bastille

Important events

Broken chains: act of becoming free

Bundle of rods: strenght lies in unity

Eye within a triangle radiating light: the rays of the sun will drive away the

clouds of ignorance

infamous Political symbols

Scepter: symbol of royal power

Snake forming a ring: symbol of eternity

Red Phrygian cap: cape worn by a slave upon becoming free

Blue-white-red: the national colors of France

Winged woman: personification of the law

Law tablet: law same for all and all are equal before it

Economic cause

Political cause

Social cause

Religious cause

Intellectual cause

Economic causes of the french revolution

FINANCIAL CRISIS

.

SEVEN YEARS WAR

GOVERNMENT HAD LARGE DEBTS WITH HEAVY INTEREST

SERIES OF CROP FAILURES

Royal treasury became empty because of extravagant nature of queen MARIE ANTOINETTE wife of king LOUIS XVI .

These contions led to appointment of Finance Ministers to deal with the bankruptcy.

TURGOT, 1774

Advise the king to

impose tax on every

class of the society.

NECKER ,1776

Published report on

the income and

expenditure of the state.

CALONNE ,1783

Adopted the policy of

borrowing in order to meet the expenses of royal court.

Disorganised, mismanaged and unfair TAXATION system as 1st and 2nd estate i.e.,the clergy and nobility did not pay any taxes due to which the 3rd estate ie., the commoners have to pay all the taxes.

1780’s

RELIGIOUS CAUSES of the French revolution

In 1789, the year of the outbreak of the French Revolution, Catholicism was the official religion of the French state. The French Catholic Church, known as the Galician Church, recognized the authority of the pope as head of the Roman Catholic Church but had negotiated certain liberties that privileged the authority of the French monarch, giving it a distinct national identity characterized by considerable autonomy.

Religious intolerance persisted in France. For example, the Edict of Nantes had been revoked by Louis XIV and the Huguenots were persecuted.“being french effectively meant being catholic.”

Moreover the principles of Christianity were distorted by the priests to gain power over the people and maintain their social standing as a result intellectually straight-jacketing the government. . It is actually those people who practiced injustice under the banner of religion and persecuted the people that gave birth to the atheistic spirit of the revolution and the deeds of the so called men of God can be seen as one of the major causes that ultimately led to the revolt.

The Church was also permitted to collect the tithe, worth a nominal one-tenth of agricultural production, and was exempt from direct taxation on its earnings.

The Church’s revenue in 1789 was estimated at an immense – and possibly exaggerated – 150 million livers. It owned around six per cent of land throughout France, and its abbeys, churches, monasteries and convents, as well as the schools, hospitals and other institutions it operated

JANSENISM was a religious movement in the Catholic Church. In France it became connected with the struggle against the papacy by proponents ofGallicanism—a political theory advocating the restriction of papal power—and with opposition to the monarchical absolutism of  Louis XVI.

CONCLUSION

The french revolution of 1789 is regarded as one of the landmark in the history of world.

End of old regime and class privileges

New principles of government and ideas of social organization

Gave birth to three beautiful words : LIBERTY , EQUALITY AND LIBERTY

SUBMITTED BY:

DAMINI NEMA

B.A. I YEAR

SUBMITTED TO:Dr. MAMTA

CHANSORIYA

THANK YOU