Florida Operations Level Hazardous Materials Training Unit 5.1 MISSION SPECIFIC: Personal Protective...
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Transcript of Florida Operations Level Hazardous Materials Training Unit 5.1 MISSION SPECIFIC: Personal Protective...
Florida Operations Level Hazardous Materials Training
Unit 5.1MISSION SPECIFIC: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Objectives Describe the types of personal protective equipment and EPA levels of protection Identify the different designs of vapor-protective and splash-protective clothing Identify the advantages and disadvantages of different types of heat exchange units Identify at least three indications of material degradation of chemical-protective clothing Identify at least three indications of material degradation of chemical-protective clothing Identify the physiological and psychological stresses of using personal protective equipment Given a scenario involving hazardous materials/WMD incidents and the emergency response
plan and/or standard operating procedures, demonstrate the technical decontamination duties assigned in the incident action plan
Identify the safety procedures and emergency procedures for personnel wearing personal protective equipment
Demonstrate local procedures for going through the technical decontamination process Describe the maintenance, testing, inspection, storage, and documentation procedures for
personal protective equipment provided by the AHJ according to the manufacturer’s specifications and recommendations
Given a scenario involving a hazardous materials/WMD incident, identify and complete the reporting and documentation requirements consistent with the emergency response plan and/or standard operating procedures regarding personal protective equipment
Unit 5.1 2
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
PPE Use
Use of PPE in the hazardous materials/WMD setting must be directed by organizational policies and procedures or, directed by the technical over-sight of trained hazardous materials technicians
Unit 5.1 3
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Hazard Based Response
The process of developing personal protective measures designed to specifically address the hazards that are present at the scene in order to achieve an acceptable level of risk
Unit 5.1 4
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Acceptable Risks
Risk vs. Gain We will risk more to achieve more We will risk little to achieve little
Perception Based on Knowledge, training and job experience Knowledgeable Safety Officer
Unit 5.1 5
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Mechanisms of Harm
Thermal Etiological Asphyxiation Mechanical/Electrical Chemical Psychological Radiological
Unit 5.1 6
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Thermal
Proper PPE Suppression of flammable vapors with foam Elimination of ignition sources Use of protective hose lines Cooling of exposed containers
Unit 5.1 7
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Etiological
Respiratory protection Gowns Gloves Avoiding sharp objects
Unit 5.1 8
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Asphyxiation
SimpleWhat is happening to oxygen
DisplacementReaction
Chemical
Unit 5.1 9
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Mechanical
Stabilizing Shoring Preventing trips and falls Wearing puncture resistant clothing (e.g.,
steel toes, steel shank boot) Wear protective work gloves, helmets and
eye protection
Unit 5.1 10
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Chemical Heed the recommendations of the NAERG with
regards to firefighter protective clothing Protect the route of exposure Avoid areas of high vapor concentration Approach from up-wind up high Stay out of enclosed, confined or low lying areas Avoid direct product contact Always use appropriate protective clothing
Unit 5.1 11
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Psychological
Always know your own capabilities and limitations
Never try to over extend yourself Recognize the need for Critical Incident
Stress De-briefing (CISD)
Unit 5.1 12
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Radiological
Time Distance
If you double your distance from the source, you reduce your exposure to 1/4 the original rate
If you triple your distance, your exposure is reduced to 1/9 the original
Shielding
Unit 5.1 13
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120
Minimum level of protection Full turnout gear and PP/SCBA Level must be maintained until atmosphere
is quantified
Unit 5.1 14
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134
Standards for respiratory protection programs
Training Selection and use Fitness Fit testing
Unit 5.1 15
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Ensemble Concept
Ensembles are considered to be all of the components of a personal protective system
Respiratory protective component Dermal protective component (garment) Footwear Hand protection
Unit 5.1 16
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Options
Respiratory IDLH Below IDLH
Dermal Gas and vapor protective, high concentration Gas and vapor protection low concentration Liquid with low vapor pressure Particulates
Unit 5.1 17
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
NFPA 1991
Standard 1991 — Vapor Protective Garment Protection from high levels of vapor
concentration With or without a flash fire protection option
Unit 5.1 18
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
NFPA 1992
Splash Protective Garments Liquid splash protection Optional flash fire resistance
Unit 5.1 19
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
NFPA 1994
CBRN terrorism response Class 2 — Vapor or liquid hazards at or
above IDLH Class 3 — Liquid splash, vapor non-IDLH Class 4 — Particulate/biological
Unit 5.1 20
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
National Institute of Justice
LERL 1 — IDLH and flash fire LERL 2 — IDLH no fire LERL 3 — Non-IDLH respiratory hazard LERL 4 — Perimeter security operations
Unit 5.1 21
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Respiratory Protection
Particulate filter Filters particulates out of the air Most common are rated at 95% and 100%
(99.97%) efficient at removing particulates 0.1 micron or greater in size
Also designated as “P” of oil proof against oil aerosols and “N” as non-oil proof
Light weight Limited length of use Does not provide protection from chemical or
asphyxiation hazards
Unit 5.1 22
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Air Purifying Respirators (APR)
Advantages Light weight Extended work periods Stress reduction Matches protection to
actual hazard
Limitations Less protective Protection factor 100:1
max Not to be used in IDLH
atmosphere Not applicable for
firefighting Cannot be used in
oxygen deficient atmospheres
Chemical specific Must have known
chemical and known concentration
Develops negative pressure on inhalation
Unit 5.1 23
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
PAPR
Advantages Positive pressure —
higher protection Cooling effect Much the same as
APR Stacked filters
Disadvantages Requires battery Cannot be used in
IDLH environments Must have at least
19.5% oxygen
Unit 5.1 24
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Advantages Reduced weight Extended operations
periods Less physical stress,
greater mobility Some are positive
pressure Protection factor
10,000:1 if positive pressure
Limitations Air source has
potential for failure so emergency egress must be maintained
Tether length limited to 300 feet
Contamination or damage to tether
Unit 5.1 25
Supplied Air Breathing Apparatus (SABA)
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Positive Pressure, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (PP/SCBA)
Advantages Readily available 30 to 60 min. duration Freedom of
movement Greatest protection Protection factor
10,000:1
Disadvantages Duration Weight Physical stress
Unit 5.1 26
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Closed Circuit
Advantages High level of
protection Longer duration up to
4hrs
Disadvantages Air supplied is heated Not rated for
firefighting or CBRNE Cold temp may
impede scrubber May be difficult to
decontaminate
Unit 5.1 27
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Low Pressure Alarm
Firefighting Provides a safety
period to allow emergency egress
Decontamination is generally not required during firefighting
Hazmat Safety factor of 25 –
30% of bottle life Travel time to and
from site Decontamination time Workload expected Environmental
<85 = 0 min. 85 – 90 = 5min. >90 = 10 min.
Unit 5.1 28
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Dermal Protection
Minimum level of protection is full turnout gear and PP/SCBA
Any higher protection requires specialized training
Support garment may be worn In support roles where an exposure is not
anticipated Examples: aprons, eye protection
Unit 5.1 29
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Fire Protective Clothing
Must be defensive operations Garment includes
Proximity clothing Entry clothing Structural firefighting clothing
Unit 5.1 30
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Skin Contact Hazards
Vapors and gases Vapors from liquids Solids
Unit 5.1 31
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Dermal Protective suites
Turnout gear has extreme protective limitations
Two types of protection Vapor Splash
These, combined with the different types of respiratory, give us four levels of protection
Unit 5.1 32
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Splash Protective Suits Cannot be used:
In IDLH concentrations Where there is potential
for gross contamination with products absorbed through skin
In potential fire areas Where large volumes of
vapors are expected Because it creates heat
stress since moisture cannot evaporate from the skin
Are well suited for: Decontamination
operations in well established systems
Dealing with non-sublimating solids
Perimeter operations quantified safe
Caring for patients that no longer pose significant risk of secondary contamination
Unit 5.1 33
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
OSHA PPE
Level C Splash suit + APR Splash protection
with lower level of respiratory protection
Must know chemical and concentration
Level B Splash suit +
PP/SCBA Provides splash
protection with highest level or respiratory protection
Unit 5.1 34
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Vapor Protection
Offers the highest level or protection and also, the greatest risk of physical stress
Limitations No thermal protection Limited dexterity and
sight Limited
communications Physical stress Specialized training
and maintenance
Unit 5.1 35
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
BASIC LEVELS OF PROTECTION
Equipment/Level Level D Level C Level B Level A
Garment Type
None X
Bunker Gear X
Bunker Gear w/CBRN Option
X
Chemical Splash X X
Vapor Protective X
Respiratory Protection
None X
Air Purifying X
Positive Pressuresupply air or SCBA
X X
Note: Full firefighter protective clothing provides a high level of respiratory protection but a low level of skin protection; therefore, it is classified as level “D” but has limited applications in the hazard area.
Unit 5.1 36
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Ensemble Description Using Performance-Based Standard(s)OSHA/EPA
Level
NFPA 1991, worn with NIOSH CBRN SCBA A
NFPA 1994 Class 2 worn with NIOSH CBRN SCBA A or B
NFPA 1994 Class 2 worn with NIOSH CBRN APR C
NFPA 1994 Class 3 worn with NIOSH CBRN SCBA B
NFPA 1994 Class 3 worn with NIOSH CBRN APR C
Source: DMS Interagency Board
Unit 5.1 37
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
PPE and WMD
Radiological Radiological materials are particulates Respiratory protection prevents inhalation
and ingestion Particulate protective garments will enhance
the ability to decontaminate NFPA 1994 Class 4 ensembles with PAPR
Unit 5.1 38
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Nerve/Blister Agents
Nerve agents Low volatility liquids Positive pressure
SCBA is selected in IDLH environments
In low vapor concentrations, NFPA 1994 Class 2 ensembles are indicated
Blister agents Low volatility liquids Positive pressure
SCBA is selected in IDLH environments
In low vapor concentrations, NFPA 1994 Class 2 ensembles are indicated
Unit 5.1 39
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Biological Agents
Particulate respiratory protection Particulate protective garment found in
NFPA 1994 Class 4 Storage Testing procedures and frequency Must be in accordance with manufacture’s
recommendations Should also cover emergency procedures
Unit 5.1 40
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Entry Requirements
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 Use of a buddy system Use of RIC EMS on scene dedicated to responders Decontamination in place Proper level of PPE Proper training
Unit 5.1 41
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
PPE Maintenance
Employer must have defined PPE policy Define inspection procedures and frequency
Permeation Penetration Degradation
Cleaning, disinfection or disposal procedures Must be maintained according to manufacture’s
recommendations Enforced by Employer’s SOPs Cleaned and disinfected according to
manufacturer’s recommendations
Unit 5.1 42
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Testing
Garment testing is defined by the manufacturer
Most common means is by inflation testing
Unit 5.1 43
Florida Operations LevelHazardous Materials Training Program
Donning, Doffing and Use
Agency Standard Operating Procedures should be used in the donning, doffing and use of PPE
Florida SERC Model Procedure
Unit 5.1 44