FIRST FLOOR, EUREKA COURT, BESIDE BATA,...

ENGINEERS CADD CENTRE (P) LTD STAADPRO 2006 WORKBOOK FIRST FLOOR, EUREKA COURT, BESIDE BATA, NEAR IMAGE HOSPITAL, AMEERPET, HYDERABAD.

Feel Proud to be a “Civil Engineer”….Let us all contribute our part for a better world

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FROM BENTLEY USA

STAAD.Pro is the choice of 47 out of 50 leading Structural Engineering firms, 46 out of 50 state DOTs and 7 out of the top 10 engineering universities. STAAD.Pro features a state-of-the-art user interface, visualization tools, powerful analysis and design engines with advanced finite element and dynamic analysis capabilities. From model generation, analysis and design to visualization and result verification, STAAD.Pro is the professional’s choice for steel, concrete, timber, aluminum and cold-formed steel design of low and high-rise buildings, culverts, petrochemical plants, tunnels, bridges, piles and much more!

Why STAAD.Pro?

• STAAD.Pro was developed by practicing engineers for practicing engineers around the globe. It has evolved over 25 years and is constantly guided by a premier industry-based steering committee. For static, pushover, dynamic, P-delta, buckling or cable analysis, STAAD.Pro is the industry standard.

• STAAD.Pro meets the rigid requirements of NUPIC/NRC (Nuclear Regulatory Commission) by conforming to the 10CFR PART 50, APPENDIX B, Section II, "Quality Assurance Program" and ASME NQA-1-2000 (Quality Assurance Requirements for Nuclear Facility Applications) standards. Development, maintenance, and support are all based upon the highest quality standards.

• STAAD.Pro has building codes for most countries including US, Britain, Canada, Russia, Australia, France, Germany, Spain, Norway, Finland, Sweden, India, China, Euro Zone, Japan, Denmark, and Holland. More are constantly being added.

• STAAD.Pro is fully COM (Component Object Model) compliant and is designed using an open architecture. Any third party or in-house application can be seamlessly integrated with STAAD.Pro. Also, STAAD.Pro can be customized to perform the specific structural requirements of the user.

• STAAD.Pro's User Interface is the industry standard. Complex models can be quickly and easily generated through powerful graphics, text and spreadsheet interfaces that provide true interactive model generation, editing, and analysis. STAAD.Pro easily generates comprehensive custom reports for anagement, architects, owners, etc. Reports contain only the information you want, where you want it. Add your own logo as well as graphical input and output results. Export all data to Microsoft Word or Microsoft Excel!

• STAAD.Pro suports multi-material design codes such as timber, steel, cold-formed steel, concrete and aluminum. Over the past 25 years, our customers have designed everything from residential buildings to skyscrapers to tanks to tunnels and even a piano! STAAD.Pro's dynamic and soil-structure interaction capabiliities along with our exhaustive design output sets STAAD.Pro apart from our competitors.

Bentley Systems, Incorporated provides software for the lifecycle of the world’s infrastructure. The company’s comprehensive portfolio for the building, plant, civil, and geospatial verticals spans architecture, engineering, construction (AEC) and operations. With revenues now surpassing $400 million annually, and more than 2000 colleagues around the world, Bentley is the leading provider of AEC software to the Engineering News-Record Top 500 Design Firms and major owner-operators and was named the world’s No. 2 provider of GIS/geospatial software solutions in a recent Daratech research study.



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Products from Bentley Advanced Routing and Permitting System (ARPS)

Truck routing and automated permit issuing software AutoPLANT Equipment

3D parametric equipment modeling using object-oriented technology AutoPLANT Isometrics

Piping isometric drafting using "spec-driven" routing and component placement AutoPLANT P&ID

Intelligent plant schematics and scaleable use of external relational databases AutoPLANT Structural Detailer

3D structural design and NC and PPS/ERP detailing AutoPLANT Structural Engineering

3D structural design, modeling and detailing AutoPLANT Structural Modeler

Quick generation of accurate 3D structural steel models Bentley Architecture

BIM for architectural design and documentation Bentley Arenium

Collaborative, Model-Based Design for Civil Engineering Bentley AutoPIPE

Calculate piping code stresses, loads and deflections under static and dynamic loading conditions

Bentley AXSYS®.Engine Consolidation of engineering schematic documents and project information into an integrated database environment.

Bentley AXSYS®.Integrity Fully integrated, risk-based inspection planning and data management

Bentley AXSYS®.Process Front-End Engineering Design for Process Engineering

Bentley Building Electrical Systems BIM for Design and Documentation of Building Electrical Systems

Bentley Building Mechanical Systems BIM for design and documentation of air-handling and plumbing systems

Bentley CADscript High Quality Presentation and Publishing Made Simple

Bentley CloudWorx Accurate, comprehensive as-built models in the form of laser-scanned point clouds

Bentley Coax Design and management of coax networks

Bentley Connector for mySAP.com Integrates MicroStation workflows and DGN-based content with SAP enterprise resource management systems

Bentley Connectors Copy electronic renditions, metadata and archived copies of design files to third-party ECM systems



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Bentley Copper Design and management of outside plant copper networks

Bentley Data Manager A comprehensive set of tools for managing project data and reports

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Bentley Facilities Inquirer Full access to facilities data via a Web browser

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Bentley Geo Web Publisher Comprehensive solution for publishing geospatial information via the Web

Bentley Geo Web Publisher for Communications A comprehensive solution for publishing intelligent network information

Bentley Geospatial Management Spatially Relating All Your Content in ProjectWise

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Bentley Interference Manager Powerful interference detection with flexible rules-based configuration



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Bentley MAPscript Distributed Map Publishing and Plotting

Bentley MXRENEW Road renewal and rehabilitation

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IsoExtractor Fully automatic isometric drawings from a 3D piping model

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Bentley PowerMap A full-function production mapping solution

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Bentley PowerSurvey Field-to-Finish Survey Data Management

ProjectWise Connector for Oracle For mapping and engineering workflows where Oracle is the enterprise data store

Bentley Publisher Powerful, server-based publishing of engineering information over the Internet

Bentley PULS Digital piping pulsation analysis

Bentley Rail Track Railway Alignment Optimization

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Bentley Redline The complete viewing, redlining, and printing solution for DGN and DWG content

Bentley speedikon Architectural A single architectural BIM application for MicroStation and AutoCAD

Bentley Structural BIM for design and documentation of structural systems



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Bentley Transportation Data Manager (TDM) Management of road and rail inventory data

Bentley View A CAD file viewing application that can open, view, and print DGN, DWG and DXF file formats

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CivilStorm Comprehensive stormwater modeling and analysis

CulvertMaster Culvert hydraulic analysis and design

Darwin Calibrator Automated model calibration for water distribution systems

Darwin Designer Optimized design and rehabilitation for water distribution systems

Digital InterPlot Complete plot management, hard copy and digital plot creation, storage and distribution

Elementary Electrical Diagrams Advanced electrical computer-aided design (ECAD) and data management

FlexUnits Engineering units conversion utility

FlowMaster Hydraulic analysis for open channels, pipes, weirs, and orifices

GeoMacao Production road design following European standards

GEOPAK Bridge Powerful, intelligent bridge modeling

GEOPAK Civil Engineering Suite Addresses the full range of civil design disciplines with a complete set of solutions

GEOPAK Site Dynamic and flexible site design for all project phases

GEOPAK Survey Geodetic conversions and feature mapping in a graphical environment

GISConnect Edit ArcGIS data directly from AutoCAD

HAMMER Water hammer and transient analysis software

HEC-Pack From floodplain hydrology to river analysis

InRoads Road and site design with advanced DTM capability

InRoads Bridge 3D modeling for highway bridge design



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InRoads Site Site design and digital terrain modeling

InRoads Site Suite An integrated toolset for land development and site modeling

InRoads Storm and Sanitary Intelligent pipe network design for storm and sanitary networks

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InRoads Survey Transfer survey data from electronic field books to MicroStation or AutoCAD

Bentley Location Data Manager Enables use of multiple location referencing methods

Bentley Location Data Manager Express (LDMx) Store, reference, manage and analyze location data stored in an Oracle database

MicroStation Integrating a comprehensive software portfolio of vertical applications

MicroStation GeoGraphics Premier mapping, data collection, editing, cleanup and analysis

Bentley PowerDraft The premier 2D/3D production drafting solution

Optram Condition Modules Connectors to track, rail, and power condition information

Optram Enterprise Asset Management Interface Seamless exchange of infrastructure work data

Optram Enterprise Suite Enterprise solution for rail infrastructure management

Optram GIS Interface Interoperability with standard GIS systems

PlantSpace Equipment 3D parametric equipment modeling

PlantSpace Isometrics Piping isometric drafting using "spec-driven" routing and component placement

PlantSpace Orthographics Automatic annotation and dimensioning for producing MicroStation project deliverables from PlantSpace physical (3D) models

PlantSpace P&ID Process and instrumentation diagrams deployable for design or operations

PlantSpace Raceways 3D modeling system with "spec-driven" routing and conduit and cable tray placement

PlantSpace SupportModeler Pipe support design with 3D modeling and detail creation

PlantWise Optimizing plant functionality and cost

PondPack Detention pond analysis and design

ProjectWise Connecting People and Information Across the Distributed Enterprise



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ProjectWise Connector for ArcGIS Enables Interoperability with ESRI Enterprise Geodatabases

ProjectWise Integration Server Project Collaboration Across a Distributed Enterprise

ProjectWise InterPlot Publishing Solutions for Accurate and Intelligent Project Deliverables

ProjectWise Lifecycle Server A standards-based engineering data warehouse, with supporting applications for engineering automation and asset information management

ProjectWise Navigator Visual Collaboration for Immersive Project/Design Review and Analysis

ProjectWise StartPoint Entry-level collaboration based on Microsoft SharePoint

RAM Advanse The Structural Engineer’s Toolkit System

RAM Concept Advanced Design of Reinforced and Post-tensioned Concrete Slabs and Mats

RAM Connection Everything you need in Steel Connection Design

Right-of-Way Office Capture, query, display and report project and parcel information

SCADAConnect Seamless integration of SCADA and hydraulic modeling

SELECT Server Streamlining license management and administration

SewerCAD Wastewater collection modeling and design

SewerGEMS Urban sanitary and combined sewer modeling and management

Skelebrator Network simplification for water distribution systems

STAAD.Pro The World's # 1 Structural Analysis and Design Software

StormCAD Storm sewer design and modeling software

WaterCAD Water distribution modeling and management

WaterGEMS Water distribution modeling and management

WaterSAFE Infrastructure security and vulnerability analysis for water distribution systems

Bentley WinNOZL Local stress analysis for nozzle/vessel junctions

*******



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A few Structures Designed using STAAD.Pro



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Introduction to STAAD.pro Screen Management The Pages in the Modeling Mode Setup | Job Page Geometry | Beam Page Geometry | Plate Page Geometry | Solid Page General | Property Page General | Spec Page General | Support Page General | Load Page General | Material Page Analysis/Print | Pre-Print Page Analysis/Print | Analysis Page Analysis/Print | Post-Print Page Design Page

At the end of this training, the participant would be able to….

1. Analyze and Design and Beam, any load, any boundary condition. 2. Analyze and Design any 2D- Frame, any load, any boundary condition any geometry. 3. Analyze and Design 3D RCC Skeletal Structures for

a. Static Loads (Prior knowledge on IS456 is essential) b. Wind loads (Prior knowledge on IS875 is essential) c. Earthquake loads (Prior knowledge on IS1875 is essential) d. Project- G+5 Apartment building.

4. Analyze and Design Steel Structures a. 2D Steel Structures b. 3D Steel Structures

Have Doubts in Lab:

1. Open Workbooks Folder and go to STAAD Multimedia Demos folder. You will have 18 files for the entire STAAD.Pro and click the file concerned to your class and listen it for 5 to 15 minutes, the concept where you have a doubt. Then proceed further..

2. Ask your colleague to the right or/& left. Let them clarify the doubt you have. If all the three are not clear in the area, then better watch the “Multimedia demos” and then call the staff, if further required. If such example, class is not covered in the multimedia demo, then call your Lab staff for clarification.

We expect a discussion on the subject among yourself to sharpen your brains. So, we try to avoid spoon feeding in the computer lab.



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STAAD/Pro Screen Organization A sample of the STAAD/Pro screen is given in Figure below. The screen has five major elements as described below.

Menu bar Located at the top of the screen, the Menu bar gives access to all the facilities of STAAD/Pro. Toolbar The dockable Toolbar gives access to the most frequently used commands. You may also create your own customized toolbar. Main Window This is the largest area at the center of the screen, where the model and the results are displayed. Page Control The Page Control is a set of tabs that appear to the left of the Main Window. There are two rows of tabs for accessing Pages and Subpages. Each Page allows access to certain Subpages. Each Subpage allows you to perform specific tasks. The organization of the Pages, from top to bottom, represents the logical sequence of operations, for example, definition of beams, specification of member properties, loading, and so on. Each "Page" tab has a name and an icon for easy identification. The name on the tabs may or may not appear depending on your screen resolution and the size of the STAAD/Pro window. However, the icons on the Page Control tabs always appear.



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The Pages in the Page Control area depend on the Mode of operation. The Mode of operation may be set from the Mode menu from the Menu bar. Data Area The right part of the screen is called the Data Area, where different dialog boxes, tables, list boxes, etc. appear depending on the type of operation you are performing. For example, when you select the Geometry | Beam Page, the Data Area contains the Node-Coordinate table and the Member-incidence table. When you are in the General | Load Page, the contents of the Data Area changes to display the currently assigned Load cases and the Load Specification dialog box. Notes: 1. Note that the tables and other dialog boxes in the Data Area are physically separate

windows. In other words, you may move the Beam table or the Node table from their usual right corner position. If you need to see more of the Main Window, simply maximize it. You may still access the data tables by using the Window menu from the Menu bar.

2. The icons in the toolbar as well as in the Page Control area offer Tooltip help. If you

are not sure what a particular icon represents, simply move your mouse on top of the icon and wait a moment. A floating Tooltip help will identify the icon.

3. The STAAD/Pro menu items are not "Page"-dependent. This means that you may

access any menu item at any point in time. For example, in the Geometry | Beam Page, you may select menu command sequence Commands | Material Constants | Material Table… to edit a material table. Similarly, the Toolbar items are also independent of the Page.

Problems follow….. Notes: Assume dimensions or distances wherever not given. Day-1: Solve the problem as explained by the tutor in the class. Do not refer this work book.



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Day-2: Analyze the below beam structures in kns and met units. Watch the deflection diagrams, BM and SF Diagram.



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Day-3:- Analyze the below beam structures in kns and met units. Watch the deflection diagrams, BM and SF Diagram.



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Day-4: Extra Practice Make sure to solve these problems in Pounds and Feet.

Find the Deflection at B, C & D in MM.

Find the Deflection at B & C.

A & B are pin joints as shown above. Find Max +ve and Max –ve moments & deflection at C



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ASSIGNMENT

1. Draw the Bending moment Diagram for a Simply supported beam with UDL

2. Draw the Bending moment Diagram for Cantilever beam with UDL

3. Draw the Bending moment Diagram for a Two Span continues beam with UDL

4. Draw the Bending moment Diagram for a Fixed beam with UDL

5. Draw the Bending moment Diagram for a propped cantilever beam with UDL

6. Draw the Bending moment Diagram for a pinned one span beam with centre moment.

7. Draw the Bending moment Diagram for a fixed beam with centre moment.

8. Draw the Bending moment Diagram for portal frame with centre moment.

Sign Convention: Draw BM curve on the tension side. Note: The MD may check whether the student has drawn the BMD figs for the above problems any day after 6th day. So, Make sure you draw them and get ready to show whenever asked.. Have Doubts in Lab:






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Day – 5: Analyze and Design the below portal frame for five load combinations.

18 18



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Day-6:- Additional Problem on Load Combination and frame problems to use loads in Gx direction.



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Continue …. Day-6: Moving Loads Concept Problem: Take a beam of span 10 metres and give three loads 20kn, 30kn and 40kn at distances of 0.5m and 0.75m moving from extreme left support to right. Find BMD for all load positions taking load increments of 0.5m.

Problem Analyze the beams with varying cross sections and watch the change in BM flow when compared to a figure of uniform cross section of size 230 x 450 mm

Problem: Watch the change of BMD in the process of increasing I- Value of Beam. Portal Frame: Case-1: All rectangular cross-sections Case-2: Beam changed to T-Section as shown in fig. below.

END OF GRAPHICAL INPUT THRU GRID

CONSULT THE INSTRUCTOR IF YOU NEED A DAY BREAK FOR THEORY CLASS



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Day-7: Graphical Input Problem: Create a grid with x = 13.5 and y = 10.2, z=0 with z bays 3 (1.75, 10, 1.75) and y bays 3 (4.2, 3, 3)

Problem: Analyze and Design the below 2D Frame. Observe the Deflection, whether the frame is falling to the right or left.



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Practice Problem

Have Doubts in Lab:






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Day-8 Problem: Solve this frame as three cases, and observe the reduction of deflection.

1) Frame without any bracing. 2) Frame with 9” x 9” rcc member bracing. 3) Frame with 4” Shear wall bracing.

Support at Node-4 Sinks by 1cm. Find BMD of the above Structure

Day – 9 : PS



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Day-10 3D SPACE FRAMES

Problem-1

Load Combination: 4 1 x 1.5 + 2 x 1.5 + 3 x 1.5



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Problem-2 Analyze and Design this 2-roomed building with 2 balconies, for G+5 Structure. Load: 1 Self weight Load: 2: External Beams: Wall load of 12kn/m Internal Beams: Wall load of 6kn/m Load 3: Floor Load or 6 kn/m.

5m x (4m+4m): Balcony: 1.5m

Have Doubts in Lab:






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Problem-3 Analyze and Design this 2-roomed building with balconies merged in the room, for G+5 Structure. Load: 1 Self weight Load: 2: All Beams: Wall load of 12kn/m Load 3: Floor Load or 6 kn/m. Load comb-4 = 1.5 (1+2+3) Dimensions: X=4.5m, Balcony=1.5m Z=3.5m+3.5m



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Day-11 Project-1 Draw the plan on your book. Draw another figure only with column positions and beam lines. Show the same to your STAAD. Trainer and then proceed with modeling, analysis and design of the problem for g+2 structure.

This is one unit (portion) of an apartment. Ignore the thought of corridor, staircase and lift while solving this problem..



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Day-12 Project-2 Draw the centre line plan on your book and perform the design for G+ 2 structure. This is one unit of a multistory complex. So ignore the thought of other units, stair case, lift etc.

Have Doubts in Lab:






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Day-13 Project -3 (Real-time approach) Analyze and Design building as g+3 structure Load: 1 Self weight Load: 2: External Beams: Wall load of 12kn/m Internal Beams: Wall load of 6kn/m Load 3: Floor Load or 6 kn/m. (Slab opposite to staircase = 8 kn/sq.m) -------------------------------------------7 x 3.5 m------------------------------------------

Steps

1) Model ground floor for beam loads of 45kn/m and watch for Mz and My for columns and also watch whether the structure has any geometry mistakes in deflection diagram. If for any column My > Mz, rotate such columns by giving Beta 90.

2) Then analyse the structure once again with changed Beta angles for columns and make sure whether Mz > My.

3) Then copy the structure to 3 more floors and analyse again and watch for deflection and ground floor column moments.

4) Now give the real loads as Load-1 (self weight), Load-2 (wall loads), Load-3 (slab loads) and give a combination 4 as 1.5 (all loads) and analyse the structure. Watch for deflection and also moments for columns for ground floor and moments for beam grid for any particular floor.

5) Then, feed design commands and design ground floor typical columns and one complete beam grid for any floor.

6) Also give 3 – 5 typical properties to columns and beams. 7) Make new view of all typical columns and watch whether the columns are passing. 8) Proceed with iterations and see that all columns are passed at ground floor level. 9) Then proceed with the design command by choosing other floor levels. 10) Then reduce the top floor column sizes if required to some extent, as part of

optimization process.



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PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT THROUGH BHAGAVAD GITA • Why do you worry without cause? Whom do you fear without reason? Who can kill

you? The soul is neither born, nor does it die. • Whatever happened, happened for the good; whatever is happening, is happening for

the good; whatever will happen, will also happen for the good only. You need not have any regrets for the past. You need not worry for the future. The present is happening...

• What did you lose that you cry about? What did you bring with you, which you think you have lost? What did you produce, which you think got destroyed? You did not bring anything - whatever you have, you received from here. Whatever you have given, you have given only here. Whatever you took, you took from God. Whatever you gave, you gave to him. You came empty handed, you will leave empty handed. What is yours today, belonged to someone else yesterday, and will belong to someone else the day after tomorrow. You are mistakenly enjoying the thought that this is yours. It is this false happiness that is the cause of your sorrows.

"Whatever you took, you took from God. Whatever you gave, you gave to him. You came empty handed, you will leave empty handed."

• Change is the law of the universe. What you think of as death, is indeed life. In one instance you can be a millionaire, and in the other instance you can be steeped in poverty. Yours and mine, big and small - erase these ideas from your mind. Then everything is yours and you belong to everyone.

• This body is not yours, neither are you of the body. The body is made of fire, water, air, earth and ether, and will disappear into these elements. But the soul is permanent - so who are you?

• Dedicate your being to God. He is the one to be ultimately relied upon. Those who know of his support are forever free from fear, worry and sorrow.

• Whatever you do, do it as a dedication to God. This will bring you the tremendous experience of joy and life-freedom forever.

The Bhagavad Gita is the essence of the Vedas and Upanishads. It is a universal scripture applicable to people of all temperaments, for all times. It is a book with sublime thoughts and practical instructions on Yoga, Devotion, Vedanta and Action. The Bhagavad Gita has influenced many great thinkers over the years.

Date: First Saturday of every month from 3-5pm. Register today, if you are interested to understand more about yourself.

Fee: Rs.100/- for which you get “Gita” book “877 pages” from Gita Press. Class will be conducted if participants are > 25.

Pl. Note: Students from other religions (paths) may also attend, as this program doesn’t encourage change of path, or concentrate on “Who is God?” We just deliver the substance useful for our students to be happy at all situations.

-THIS IS A SPECIAL LECTURE AND NOT A COMPULSION- - ONLY INTERESTED STUDENTS ARE REQUESTED TO PARTICIPATE-

- GOD IS NOT AN ARGUMENTATIVE SUBJECT- - UNDESTANDING SELF AND BEING GOOD AND DOING GOOD IS THE ESSENCE OF ANY RELIGION-



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Day-14 Project-4



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Day-15 PROJECT-5

END OF RCC STRUCTURES- STATIC ANALYSIS

END OF MODULE-1 OF STAAD.PRO2006



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Post Training Facilities at ECC

1. Subject brush-up. You can revise your subject @ 3 to 4 ½ hours a day till you get a job at no cost and at the same time you are required to work as Lab staff for the same time. Example: If you prefer working on projects or practicing on staad.pro from 7am – 11.30am, you are required to work for another 4 ½ hours…i.e. From 11.30am – 4.30pm, ofcourse with a lunch break from 1.00-1.30pm. You may opt for a different slot for teaching or practicing and need not be continues. It all depends on “how you are occupied during the rest of the day”. Q) If I practice and work like this for 2 months, will I be given any experience letter? A) Yes! Basing on your skills and attitude, you will be given an opportunity to get an experience letter upto 6 months. If your performance is impressive, additionally, we shall give you “Spoken English” Free of cost during the second month. Q) I don’t want to work as Lab staff and just want to practice or do some projects? Is it possible? A) It is possible. You are required to pay Rs.1000/- for 4 weeks @ 4 ½ hours a day.

2. Placements: Our past experience shows that we can place over 90% of Civil Engineers and we offer placement services for which you have to consult the training director or the placement officer with a soft copy and hard copy of your resume after 2 months of additional practice. The placement charges would be Rs.250/- for a minimum of 5 interviews.

3. Other courses:

We have the below programs for Civil Engineers and we offer special prices for students who have completed STAAD.Pro with us..

No Course Normal Fee Special Fee 1 AutoCAD-2D/3D Rs.3000/- Rs.2500/- 2 ARCHICAD Rs.4000/- Rs.3000/- 3 3DS Max Rs.4500/- Rs.3000/- 4 Primavera + Msp Rs.3500/- Rs.2750/- 5 STAAD-Module – II Rs.2000/- Rs.1000/- 6 Spoken English Rs.2500/- Rs.1000/-* 7 Corporate Interview Sel. Pgm Rs.2500/- Rs.1000/- • Rs.250/- further discount upon taking 2 courses at ECC. If students prefer to work as

Lab Staff for 2 months @ 4 ½ hours a day, this would be offered free!



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Project for Associate Lab staff Only for “Associate staff” who continues rendering their services for another succeeding batch. Doubts on this will be clarified after 30 days of rendering lab services to next batch students.

Every student look forward to get their training from a best staff and none show interest in teaching (giving back) after acquiring the subject, even if they are free. So, here at ECC as a policy matter, has made some policies which will encourage students to deliver assistance for another batch on mutual beneficial terms.

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