Enterprise wide information systems - configuring sap

ObjectivesThe primary objective of this discussion is to show how

the SAP R/3 Implementation Guide (IMG) can be used to aid the project team in configuring business transactions.For simplicity, we will keep our focus on the Order process.

Upon completion of this topic, you should be able to: Describe the various implementation and configuration tools

available in the SAP R/3 system. Anticipate how elements of the Customer Master are integrated and

are used to control the SD processes. Use elements in the Material Master to streamline COM. How to configure the Billing process for data flow and price control.

TopicsThe Implementation GuideSales Orders and the Customer MasterCustomizing the Material MasterConfiguring the Billing Process

Methods for Implementing & Configuring SAP

SAP R/3 includes several tools to facilitate configuring SAP

and continuing support .

The R/3 Reference Model - describes the business processes included in the standard R/3 system as well as the relationship among the different application modules.

The Implementation Guide (IMG) - guides users in matching their business requirements with the SAP standard software.

The Procedural model - is used as a navigator to guide you through the whole implementation and configuration process.

The Implementation GuideA tool that leads to a step-by-step customizing of

selected parts (modules) of the R/3 system.It guides the project team in matching the

business requirements with the SAP standard software.

With the IMG project management functions... Consultants in charge of implementation first

decide which parts of R/3 are to be customized. The system then automatically generates the

needed hierarchical list of the customizing steps for achieving that customization.

The Implementation GuideBasis configuration takes place.Global settings are set as default in the SAP

system.The structure is defined to match the

organization’s business function.Applications are created to meet business

requirements.Financial AccountingMaterials Management

Cross- application functions are developed.

Financial AccountingMaterials Management

The Enterprise IMGThe Enterprise IMG is just a subset of the Reference IMG.It is where all the customizing takes place.

PSPS

PPPP

COCO

FIFI

……..

HRHR

MMMM

SDSD

FIFI

MMMM

PPPP

COCO

FIFI

COCO

PPPP

MMMM FIFI

COCO

SAP Reference IMG Enterprise IMG

Project IMG

Project 001 Project 002

Project 002Additional needs,

e.g. upgrade

Customizing ObjectsAs a rule, you will have more than one SAP

system.Development system

Changes made in the development system are transported to the test system, then to the production system.

Test system Production system

Development systemDevelopment system

11 2211 22 3311 22 33 4

1111 22

Sales organization

Sales documents

Implementation guide

Test systemTest system

22334

1122

Sales organization

Sales documentsVersions

TransportRequest

Workbenchorganizer

Customizing - How to Proceed1. Define the organizational structures in the IMG

and name the individual organizational elements.2. Assign the organizational elements.

Define the organizational elements

Assign the organizational elements

Master DataCustomersMaterialsBills of MaterialsCustomer-Material InfoProduct Proposals

FIFIPSPS

PMPMCCCC

MMMMPPPP

FIFI

MMMM

COCO

FIFI

Sales support

DataWarehouse

Sales

Materials Mgmt.Production PlanningPlant MaintenanceControllingFinancial AccountingProject System

Materials Mgmt.Financial Accounting

Financial AccountingControlling

Origins of Data in Sales DocumentsWhen you create a sales order, the system proposes

most of the data from the master records.

Sales orderCustomer master data

Material master data

. . . . .

Conditions

Texts

Control tables

Business Partners (Partner Functions)Partners - someone you have a relationship with or

have to communicate with.Functions - each partner type has specific functions.

Sold-to party

Ship-to party

Bill-to party

Payer

Contact person

Forwarding agent

Employee

. . . . . . . .

PartnerPartnerFunctionsFunctions

Business Partners - Customer MasterEssential business partners for a sales transaction are

the sold-to party, ship-to party, payer and bill-to party.They are stored in the customer master.

Sold-to party Ship-to party

Bill-to party Payer

CustomerCustomermastermaster

Customer Master - 3 Major Data ViewsSales data - data specific to sales, e.g. sales,

distribution, shipping.Company Code data - financial accounting data.General data - data assigned directly to a client

so it’s available to the other two areas.

General data

Sales dataCompany code data

FIFI SDSD

Customer HierarchiesCreate hierarchies to reflect the structure of the customer

organization.Use customer hierarchies

during sales order processing and billing for determining pricing.

ACME CoACME CoCentral

4711

ACME CoACME CoSouth

4712

ACME CoACME CoNorth

4713

ACME CoACME CoNorthwest

4714

ACME CoACME CoNortheast

4715

Customer2743

Customer2744

Customer2742

Uniquenode number

Materials - Material TypesThe material type is part of the general data on a material.The departments responsible for a material type determine

which views must be maintained for a specific material.

MaterialMaterialA

Matl. typeMatl. type

Description Department Internal/External POs

Accountassignment

Quantity/Value updatePrice control

Variance for each plant

Selecting Fields for Materials - Influencing FactorsAn individual control table is available for

each influencing factor shown here and corresponds to a group of fields in the material master.Transaction

Procurementindicator

Material type

Plant

Industry sector

SAPcomponents

Field selection

Sales &Distribution

MaterialsMgmt.

ProductionPlanning

FinancialAccounting

Controlling

Fixed AssetsMgmt.

QualityMgmt.

PlantMaintenance

HumanResources

Workflow

IndustrySolutions

R/3Client / Server

ABAP/4 ProjectSystem

?……………..

…………

…………

Materials - Material StatusYou can define different kinds of material status

and for each status, how the system will react when an item is created in a sales document.

Material Status

Discontinued part

Technical defect...

Quotation Standard Order

Error Warning

Error Error

Product HierarchiesProduct hierarchies are used for pricing and analysis.In the Standard SAP setup, they can be defined with

up to 18 characters and three levels.

1

2

3

Level

0000100001Electrical appliances

0000100002Compressors

0000100001ToolsTools

000010000100000001Electric screwdrivers

000010000100000002Electric drills



Customer-Material InformationYou can define customer-specific data for a material in

a customer-material information record. This may incl:cust.-specific matl. # cust.-specific matl. description etc.

Sales organization : 1000Distribution channel : 01Customer : C1

Material Description M1 Computer AG M2 Computer UG . . . .

Customer-specific dataMaterial Description M234 Computer 550C M598 Computer 1650B . . . .

Customer-Material Information

Customer Matl Description Qty M234 Computer 550C 10 M598 Computer 1650B 3

Sales orderSold-to Party: C1

Proposing Items Using Product Proposal

Material combinations which you use frequently can be stored in product proposals.

Product proposal : 5000002Validity period : 01/01-12/31Search term : SD product proposals

Item Material Qty. 10 M1 40 20 M2 50 30 M3 30

Sold-to party: C1

Item Material Qty. 10 M1 40 20 M2 50 30 M3 30

Sales Order

Material orMaterial ormaterial + quantitiesmaterial + quantities

Bill of Material - Where They Are Used

Item status controls how BOM items are processed in related application areas:Production (operations)Construction (technical data)PricingSales & distribution (order quantity)Plant maintenance (maintenance information)

Billing TypesThe billing type controls the entire billing document.Billing types are dictated by the type of the

reference document.

Invoice

Cash sale

Credit/debit memo

Returns

Inter-company billing

Cancellations

Invoice list

Pro forma invoice

BillingBillingTypesTypes

The Billing ProcessEach billing document requires a reference document.

InquiryType: IN

StandardOrder

Type: ORHeaderItem: TANSchd. line

ReturnsType: REHeaderItem: REN

Cash SalesType: BV

CreditType: CR

QuotationType: QT Type: LF

HeaderItem: TAN

Type: F2Header

Schd. line

Type: LR Type: RE

Type: LR

Type: RE

Order Document Types Delivery Doc. Billing Documents

Immediate

Key Points (1)The Implementation Guide (IMG) enables the

project team to match the business requirements with the SAP standard software and customize the transactions to the needs of the organization.

You can minimize the time an effort needed to create sales documents by thoroughly maintaining the customer master and defining all types of business partners.

The account group allows you to select data fields for maintaining the master data.

By classifying materials by material types, you can specify which views for a material are to be maintained.

Key Points (2)When maintaining material master records, you

can specify (in the IMG) which fields are to appear, to be required or optional, or are to be blocked.

You can store customer-specific information on individual materials (e.g. customer material numbers and descriptions) in customer-material information records. This enables you to create orders using material numbers specified by the ordering party.

When you frequently sell combination of materials, you can simplify sales order creation by creating product proposals.

You can also create BOM’s to combine several materials for use in SD.

Key Points (3)Billing documents always reference a previous

document.Reference documents will dictate the billing document

type.The flow of data is controlled:

by the programsby billing typesby copying control tables

You can determine copying control at: the header level the item level

Thank You !

Enterprise wide information systems - configuring sap

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