Educational Research II, II Bimestre
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ESCUELA: CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACION MENCION INGLES
NOMBRES:
EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH II
FECHA:
Lic. Alba Vargas [email protected]
ABRIL – AGOSTO 2009
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SECOND BIMESTERWhat is our goal?
Understand how to carry out a research proposal. Differentiate the parts of a research report and its components. Know some basic guidelines for writing
a research report. Carry out a bibliographical investigation
and write a theoretical background.
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Didactic materials
Printed didactic materials Guide Technological didactic materials EVA e-mail videoconference telephone
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Assignment Second bimester
Activity 1
Decide if the statements are TRUE or FALSE
Activity 2
Identify the parts of a research report
Activity 3 References
Activity 4
List and explain the parts that are enclosed in the Discussion section
Activity 5
References
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TEST
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Research Gay & Airasian (2003)
Cn
Research ----- way of finding out ANSWERS to ---Questions?????
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RESEARCH
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Research Problem (topic)
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English language learning
English learning as a foreign language in Ecuador
Factors that influence on the learning of English as a foreign language in Ecuador
The influence of the native language on learning English in public high schools in the city of Quito
Narrow topic
English language learning
English learning as a foreign language in Ecuador
Factors that influence on the learning of English as a foreign language in Ecuador
The influence of the native language on learning English in public high schools in the city of Quito
Narrow topic This topic still needs to me more narrow.
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1.Write the theoretical background
(Seek for information sources: books, magazines, journal articles, web pages)
The theoretical background or literature review must contain themes, concepts, theories, previous researches closely related to the researched topic or problem.
2. Conduct the filed research (investigation)
STAGE 2 : CONDUCT THE RESEARCH
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HOW TO CONDUCT THE RESEARCH
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1. Writing the theoretical background /literature review
Seek for information about definitions, theories, previous studies (closely related to the topic or problem that help to support your study).
Evaluate the sources from where you take the information.
Write your own theoretical background. Cite properly
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Do not copy paragraphs or articles textually. That is PLAGIARISM
It must have
coherence: the text must flow smoothly. (Transitional words and phrases)
cohesion: reflect the use of well-constructed grammatical structures.
Do not copy paragraphs or articles textually. That is PLAGIARISM.
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Report writing: exam-type task. (planning- drafting, and review)- students discuss questions in pairs or groups- students start planning for the report- they match a typical four-paragraph sequence with what might be written in each of the four paragraphs- they match their notes to the paragraphs- edit reports
Write your own research report
Quotation:
Paraphrasing Summarizing
Avoid Plagiarism
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2. HOW TO CONDUCT THE FIELD RESEARCH
The field investigation guides the researcher to get the results.
It depends on the type of research planned.
The researcher has to apply the METHODS, TECHNIQUES and INSTRUMENTS ( included in the research proposal)to gather the field information in order to demonstrate the hypothesis.
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The instruments you use to collect the information must be well-designed and be based on the objectives of the research.
Check the variables and indicators set in the proposal.
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After you collect data, you have to tabulate the results and present them in charts.
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3. The discussion section After you have tabulated and organized the
results in charts, you have to analyze and interpret them in order to draw conclusions.
According to the framework adopted by the UTPL, the DISCUSSION section contains:
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RESEARCH REPORT
Introduction
A research paper (a piece of academic writing)
Abstract
TitleThe format adopted by the Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja
Methodology
Results
Discussion
References
Annexes
Theoretical background Analysis and Interpretation of results Conclusions
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The Title
The title should reflect content and emphasis of the project in the report (essential key words)
Single page
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Abstract Presents a summary of the topic and the
major finding of the research. They are usually 100- 150 but in the UTPL
format it is one page long. It must contain:
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- The researched topic - The place - Population and sample
- Methods and instruments
- Major results
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EXAMPLE To illustrate I have taken and example of
a research article taken from EFL ASIAN JOURNAL (http://www.asian-efl-journal.com/June_09_lm.php)
Engineering Lectures in a Second Language:What Factors Facilitate Students’ Listening Comprehension? By Lindsay Miller
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AbstractThis paper presents data from a large-scale ethnographic study into the perceptions, concerns, and preferred lecturer strategies of one group of Hong Kong second-language (L2) engineering students who were attending lectures given in English. Although such investigations often focus purely on the ‘problem’ dimensions students have when listening to lectures, there are aspects to the lecture event which students identify as aiding their listening comprehension. These positive dimensions of lectures are the focus of this paper, and were identified using journals, interviews, and focus groups, and categorized under language features and pedagogical features. The data presented also suggests that lecturers need to adopt specific lecturing strategies in order to make the content materials more accessible to this type of student. (Miller, 2009)
Keywords: listening, lectures, ethnography, engineering L2
students.
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Introduction
The introduction must be well-written and motivates the reader to continue reading.
It describes clearly but briefly the background of the problem, highlights the importance of the study and the objective that guided the research.
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The introduction must contain:
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Methodology
The methodology represents the “how” of a research.
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History of the research done
Place and participants (characteristics)
Research design
How the data was tabulated, processed and analyzed
Techniques and instruments, materials
METHODOLOGY
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Methodological design
Methods : Descriptive, deductive, bibliographical, comparative, historical etc.
Techniques: surveys, note-taking, interview
Instruments: direct observation, questionnaires, cards
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Results
The results section has relevant data and findings summarized in qualitative and quantitative charts. Tabulate the information.
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THEME:
NATIVE LANGUAGE INTERFERENCE IN LEARNING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE: AN ANALYSIS OF WRITTEN MATERIAL PRODUCED BY SPANISH SPEAKING STUDENTS IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL CLASSES.
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RESULTSCuantitative resultsChart One
Variable: Grammar Structures
Indicator: Adjectives
Author:………………
Type of text Most common errors Examples (2 a 5)
Composition
PositionPluralization
The car red is mine They are beatifuls men
Story
Essay
Quiz
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Cuantitative results
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Most common errors
Composition Story Essay Quiz
F % F % F % F %
Position 6 37.5%
Pluralization 10 62.5%
Total 16 100%
Chart …Variable: Grammar StructuresIndicator: Adjectives
Source: …………….
Author:……………….
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DISCUSSION
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Literature review or theoretical background
Analysis and interpretation of results: Interpret the results and research as a
whole and discuss the relationship of your findings to earlier research.
Support your analysis with the literature review.
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Present it in a logical way consider the audience
Present your idea from general to specific ones ( from certain to uncertain)
Consider also how the data addresses the research problem
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Conclusions
A conclusion is a very short section that does not introduce new ideas
Conclusions summarize findings in a clear and concise way
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Include all the sources reviewedOrder the list alphabetically Books Journals Magazines Electronic sources, etc
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References or bibliography
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Suggestions forREFERENCE/BIBLIOGRAPHY
Use the style adopted by the institution or the APA style which is internationally approved.
Write the references in alphabetical order
Be careful, the information must come from a reliable source.
Use updated bibliography (5 years )35
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Example Arnold, J. and M.C. Fonseca Mora. (2004).
“Multiple Intelligence Theory and Foreign Language Learning: A Brain-based Perspective” in IJES, International Journal of English Studies vol. 4 (1), pp. 119-136.
Brown, H. D. (1994). Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Regents.
Burstall, C. (1975) "Factors affecting foreign‑language learning: a consideration of some relevant research findings". Language Teaching and Linguistics Abstracts 8: 105‑125.
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Annexes (Appendices)
Contains information that is relevant to the researched problem but does not fit in the main body of the report to avoid interrupting the line of development of the report.
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Formal aspectsThe research report must be: Totally in English Reflect good written style, grammar. Typed (bookman Old Style 12) Margins
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3cm
4cm 2. 5cm
2.5cm
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QUESTIONS?????
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THANKS
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