Daftar Pustaka_2003trp.pdf

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DAFTAR PUSTAKA Aguero, Max and Ximena Flores (1996) Valuation Concepts and Techniques with Applications to Coastal Resources In Valuation of Tropical Coastal Resouces: Theory and Application of Linear Programming (Ed, Annabelle Cruz- Trinidad), United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Manila, Philippines, pp. 9 - 16. Allen, George P. and John L. C. Chambers (1998) Sedimentation in the Modern Delta and Miocene Mahakam Delta, Indonesian Petroleum Association, Jakarta. 236 PP. Aspar, Syamsuri (2001) Potensi dun Permasalahan di Delta Mahakam, (Eds, Tridoyo Kusumastanto, Dietriech G. Bengen, Bambang Widigdo and Imam Soeseno), In International Workshop for Optimizing Development and Environmental Issues at Coastal Area: Solution for Sustainable Management of Mahakam Delta., Jakarta, Indonesia, Pertamina-TOTALFINAELF E&P Indonesie, PKSPL-IPB, Department of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, pp. 27 - 30. Baker, W. L. and Y. Cai (1992) The r.le Program for Multiscale Analysis of Landscape Structure Using the GRASS Geographical Information System, Landscape Ecology, 7, pp. 291 - 302. Bartlett, Darius J. (1999) Working on the Frontiers of Science: Applying GIs to the Coastal Zone In Marine and Coastal Geographical Information Systems (Eds, Dawn Right and Darius J. Bartlett), Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia, PA, USA, pp. 11 - 24. Beatley, Timothy, David J. Brower and Anna K. Schwab (1994) Introduction to Coastal Zone Management, Island Press, Washington D.C. 205 pp. Bengen, Dietriech G. (1999) Pedoman Teknis Pengenalan & Pengelolaan Ekosistem Mangrove, PKSPL-Institut Pertanian Bogor dan Proyek Pesisir, Bogor. 55 pp. Bengen, Dietriech G. (2000) Sinopsis Ekosistem dun Sumberdaya Alum Pesisir, PKSPL - IPB, Bogor. 41 pp. Bengen, Dietriech G. (2001a) Karakteristik, Permasalahan, dan Pengelolaan Ekosistem dan Sumberdaya Pesisir Terpadu. Program Pasca Sarjana (S3) - Institut Pertanian Bogor, Program Studi Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Pesisir dan Lautan.

Transcript of Daftar Pustaka_2003trp.pdf

Page 1: Daftar Pustaka_2003trp.pdf

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Aguero, Max and Ximena Flores (1 996) Valuation Concepts and Techniques with

Applications to Coastal Resources In Valuation of Tropical Coastal Resouces:

Theory and Application of Linear Programming (Ed, Annabelle Cruz-

Trinidad), United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the

Caribbean (ECLAC), Manila, Philippines, pp. 9 - 16.

Allen, George P. and John L. C. Chambers (1998) Sedimentation in the Modern Delta

and Miocene Mahakam Delta, Indonesian Petroleum Association, Jakarta. 236

PP.

Aspar, Syamsuri (2001) Potensi dun Permasalahan di Delta Mahakam, (Eds, Tridoyo

Kusumastanto, Dietriech G. Bengen, Bambang Widigdo and Imam Soeseno),

In International Workshop for Optimizing Development and Environmental

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Delta., Jakarta, Indonesia, Pertamina-TOTALFINAELF E&P Indonesie,

PKSPL-IPB, Department of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, pp. 27 - 30.

Baker, W. L. and Y. Cai (1992) The r.le Program for Multiscale Analysis of

Landscape Structure Using the GRASS Geographical Information System,

Landscape Ecology, 7, pp. 291 - 302.

Bartlett, Darius J. (1999) Working on the Frontiers of Science: Applying GIs to the

Coastal Zone In Marine and Coastal Geographical Information Systems (Eds,

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LAMPIRAN I Perhitungan demodulasi pasang surut dengan program MatLabO versi 6.1

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% Program Analisis Harmonik Pasut untuk 7 komponen pasut %Tiene Gunawan %SPL 995211

%Rumus umum adalah %ax=u % a adalah matrik demodulasi komponen pasut (matrik demodulasi tersusun atas sin dan cos penmyusun pasut) % x pasut hasil demodulasi (ini yang dicari) % u adalah data pasut

clear all; load KutaiJun03.txt; %panggil data Am= KutaiJun03(:,:); %elevasi muka laut B=mean (Am) ; u=Am-B; %elevasi di sekitar rata-ratanya

% definisikan t t=1:720; %banyaknnya data dalam jam.

% harga periode beberapa komponen pasut % . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

% Semi Diurnal : perl=12.42; % M2 per2=12.00; % S2 per3=12.66; % N2 per4=11.97; % K2

% Diurnal per5=25.82; % 01 per6=24.07; % P1 per7=23.93; % K1

% definisikan x (xl & yl) untuk suatu periode komponen pasut (komponen demodulasi) xl=sin (2*pi*t/perl) ; yl=cos (2*pi*t/perl) ; x2=sin (2*pi*t/per2) ; ~2=cos (2*pi*t/per2) ; x3=sin (2*pi*t/per3) ; y3=cos (2*pi*t/per3) ; x4=sin (2*pi*t/per4) ; y4=cos (2*pi*t/per4) ; x5=sin (2*pi*t/per5) ; y5=cos (2*pi*t/per5) ; x6=sin (2*pixt/per6) ; y6=cos (2*pi*t/per6) ; x7=sin (2*pi*t/per7) ; y7=cos (2*pi*t/per7) ;

% ekstrak untuk menyamakan hasil dgn. data yang ada (interval 1 jam) xll=x1(1: 720) ; yll=yl (1: 720) ; x22=x2 (1: 720) ; y22=y2 (1: 720) ; x33=x3 (1:720) ; y33=y3 (1:720) ; x44=x4 (1:720) ;

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% Karena dari analisis spktrum diketahui bahwa pasut mempunyai 4 komponen yaitu M2,S2,)1 danP1 . . . % Maka dibentuk matrik demodulasi yang terdiri hanya empat komponen tersebut. %untuk komponen M2 terdiri dari xl1,yll %untuk komponen 52 terdiri dari x66,y66 %untuk komponen 01 terdiri dari x22,y22 %untuk komponen P1 terdiri dari x55,y55 % maka matrik demodulasi adalah: a= [xll;y11;~66;y66;~22;y22;~55;y551 ;

% transpos menjadi matrik 8x720 a=a ;

%dengan rumus ax=u maka karena a telah diketahui % dan u diketahui dari data pasut maka x dihitung dengan rumus

% menghitung z % z adalah amplitude hasil perhitungan demodulasi % 4 komponen pasut M2 , PI, S2 dan 01 z=x(l, 1) *xll+x(2,1) *yll+x(3,1)*~66+~(4,1) *y66+x(5,1) *x22+x (6,l) *y22+x (7,l) *x55+x(8,1) *y55; res=u-zT ;

% plot time series clf p l ~ t ( t , u , ~ b ~ , t , z , ' : r ~ , t , r e s , ~ g ~ ) grid %title('Grafik Arus Pasang Surut (N-S Component) 7 komponenT) title('Demodu1asi pasut 4 komponenl) xlabel(Itime (hours) ylabel ( 'Amplitude (dm) ) h=legend(lul, 'zT, Ires' ,3) ;

%Program Analisis Pasang Surut Untuk December 03 %Tiene Gunawan %SPL 995211 % - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

clear all; load KutaiDec03.txt; Am= KutaiDec03 ( : , : ) ; %elevasi muka laut B=mean (Am) ; C=Am-B; %elevasi di sekitar rata-ratanya t=1:744; %jumlah data 744 jam (1 bulan) Y=fft(C); %fast fourier transform Y(l)=[l; n=length (Y) ; spektrum=abs (Y (1:n/2) ) .*2; nyguist=1/2;

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frek= (l:n/2) / (n/2) *nyguist; period=l./frek; subplot (2,1,1) plot (t,C) grid title('Pasang Surut Desember 2003 stasiun Kutail) xlabel ( waktu (j am) ) ; ylabel ( l~mplitude (dm) ) ; axis( [O 744 -15 151 ; subplot (2,1,2) ; plot (period, spektrum) ; grid hold on; index=f ind (spektrum==max (spektrum) ) ; mainperiodStr=num2str (period (index) ) ; plot (period (index) , spektrum (index) ,' r. ', . . .

1MarkerSize',15,1EraseMode', 'none1); text (period (index) +1, spektrum (index) , . . .

[lperiode=l,mainperiod~tr],'EraseMode','nonel) ; axis([O 31 0 50000001) ; xlabel ( ' Periode (Jam) ) ; ylabel ( Power Spectrum' ) ; hold off ; %Program ~nalisis Pasang Surut Untuk June 03 %Tiene Gunawan %SPL 995211 % - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

clear all; load KutaiJun03.txt; Am= Kutai~un03(:,:); %elevasi muka laut B=mean (Am) ; C=Am-B; %elevasi di sekitar rata-ratanya t=1:720; %jumlah data 720 jam (1 bulan) Y=fft(C); %fast fourier transform Y(l)=[l; n=length (Y) ; spektrum=abs (Y (1 : 1-1/21 ) . ̂2 ; nyguist=1/2; frek= (1 :n/2) / (n/2) *nyguist; period=l./frek; subplot (2,1,1) plot (t, C) grid title(IPasang Surut Juni 2003 stasiun Kutail) xlabel ( waktu (jam) I ) ; ylabel ( l~mplitude (dm) ) ; axis([O 720 -15 151); subplot (2,1,2) ; plot (period, spektrum) ; grid hold on; index=£ ind (spektrum==max (spektrum) ) ; mainperiod~tr=num2str (period (index) ) ; plot (period (index) , spektrum (index) , r. , . . -

1MarkerSize1,15,1EraseMode','none1); text (period (index) +l ,spektrum (index) , . . .

[~peri~de=~,mainperiodStr],~EraseMode~,~none~); axis([O 30 0 50000001); xlabel ( ~eriode (Jam) ) ;

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ylabel ( ' Power Spectrum' ) ; hold off ; % Program Analisis Harmonik Pasut untuk 7 komponen pasut Bulan December 2003 %Tiene Gunawan %SPL 995211

%Rumus umum adalah %ax=u % a adalah matrik demodulasi komponen pasut (matrik demodulasi tersusun atas sin dan cos penyusun pasut) % x pasut hasil demodulasi yang kita cari % u adalah data pasut

clear all; load KutaiDec03.txt; %panggil data Am= KutaiDec03(:,:) ; %elevasi muka laut B=mean (Am) ; u=Am-B; %elevasi di sekitar rata-ratanya

% definisikan t t=1:744; %banyaknnya data dalam jam.

% harga periode beberapa komponen pasut % . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

% Semi Diurnal : perl=12.42; % M2 per2=12.00; % S2 per3=12.66; % N2 per4=11.97; % K2

% Diurnal per5=25.82; % 01 per6=24.07; % PI per7=23.93; % K1

% definisikan x (xl & yl) untuk suatu ~eriode komponen pasut (komponen demodulasi) xl=sin (2*pi*t/perl) ; yl=cos (2*pi*t/perl) ; x2=sin (2*pi*t/per2) ; y2=cos (2*pi*t/per2) ; x3=sin(2*pi*t/per3) ; y3=cos (2*pi*t/per3) ; x4=sin (2*pi*t/per4) ; y4=cos (2*pi*t/per4) ; x5=sin (2*pi*t/per5) ; y5=cos (2*pi*t/per5) ; x6=sin (2*pi*t/per6) ; y6=cOs(2*pi*t/per6); x7=sin (2*pi*t/per7) ; y7=cos (2*pi*t/per7) ;

% ekstrak untuk menyamakan hasil dgn. data yang ada (interval 1 jam) xll=xl (l:744) ; yll=yl (1 : 744) ; x22=x2 (1: 744) ; y22=y2 (1 : 744) ; x33=x3 (1 : 744) ; y33=y3 (1:744) ;

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% Karena dari analisis spktrum diketahui bahwa pasut mempunyai 4 komponen yaitu M2,S2,)1 danP1 . . . % Maka dibentuk matrik demodulasi yang terdiri hanya empat komponen tersebut. %untuk komponen M2 terdiri dari xl1,yll %untuk komponen S2 terdiri dari x22,y22 %untuk komponen P1 terdiri dari x66,y66 %untuk komponen 01 terdiri dari x55,y55 % maka matrik demodulasi adalah: a=[xll;yll;x22;y22;~66;y66;~55;y55];

% transpos menjadi matrik 8x744 a=a ;

%dengan rumus ax=u maka karena a telah diketahui % dan u diketahui dari data pasut maka x dihitung dengan rumus

% menghitung z % z adalah amplitude hasil perhitungan demodulasi % 4 komponen pasut M2 , 52, P1 dan 01 z=x(l, 1) *xll+x(2,1) *yll+x(3,1) *x22+x(4,1) *y22+x(5,1) *x66+x(6,1) *y66+x (7,l) *x55+x(8,1) *y55; res=u-z ;

% plot time series clf p l ~ t ( t , u , ~ b ' , t , ~ , ~ : r ~ , t , r e s , ~ g ~ ) grid %title('Grafik Arus Pasang Surut (N-S Component) 7 komponen') title('Demodu1asi pasut 4 komponen') xlabel ( ' time (hours) ' 1 ylabel ( 'Amplitude (dm) ' ) h=legend('u','z','res1,3);

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LAMPIRAN I1 Penurunan Persarnaan Klasik Perairan Dangkal

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Penurunan Persamaan Klasik Perairan ~ a n ~ k a l '

Persamaan klasik perairan dangkal dinyatakan sebagai berikut:

Persamaan tersebut disebut sebagai persamaan perairan dangkal (shallow water equation). Dimana u adalah arus pasut, h adalah kedalaman perairan, g percepatan gravitasi. Salah satu cara untuk mencari solusi persamaan tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan metode aproksimasi teori gangguan. Dalam aproksimasi ini maka kecapatan arus pasut (u) dan elevasi permukaan (4 diekspansikan sebagai berikut:

Dimana &=h/L. Karena h<<L maka parameter E <<I sehingga merupakan parameter kecil.

Jika solusi (3) disubstitusikan ke persamaan (1) maka didapatkan:

L

Sedangkan persamaan (2) menjadi:

Persamaan tersebut dipenuhi apabila masing-masing koefisien dalam parameter E adalah nol, sehingga persamaan diselesaikan dalam masing-masing orde dalam E.

Persamaan dalam orde (E) adalah:

1 Atau bantuan dan kesabaran Sulaiman yang membimbing saya dalam menurunkan persamaan perairan dangkal ini

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Persarnaan pertama diturunkan dalarn slat dan yang kedua dengan halax kemudian kurangkan, rnaka didapatkan persarnaan:

d2rl(1) d2rl(1) dzV( l ) -- gh- - - 0 atau --

2 d2ql(l) c - = 0 (7)

dt dx2 dt dx

dimana c=&h menyatakan kecepatan fase gelornbang. Persarnaan (6) rnerupakan persarnaan gelornbang yang rnernpunyai solusi standard dalam bentuk fungsi sinus dan kosinus. Dipilih solusi dalam bentuk cosinus sebagai berikut:

rl(') = Acos(kx - wt)

Jika persarnaan (8) disubtitusikan ke persarnaan (6) rnaka didapatkan solusi untuk kecepatan sebagai berikut:

A = g cos(h - wt) (9)

C

Persamaan dalam orde ( E ~ ) adalah:

Persamaan pertama diturunkan dalam slat dan yang kedua dengan halax dikurangkan, rnaka didapatkan persarnaan:

a 2 r l ( 2 ) a 2 r l ( 2 ) d2 ( r l ( l ) u ( l ) ) --

gh ax' + dt dxdt Dengan rnensubtitusikan solusi (8) dan (9) rnaka persarnaan tersebut menjadi: (gunakan identitas sin2x = 2 sinx cosx).

&,(2) --

d24(2) 3 g ~ 2 w 2 c -- cos 2(kx - wt) = 0

dt dx2 c Untuk rnencari solusi persamaan, (12) maka dituliskan persamaan tersebut dalam bentuk kornpleks (dengan teorerna Euler e'e=cos6 +i sine):

Asurnsikan solusi berbentuk:

dimana K adalah konstanta yang akan ditentukan. Subtitusikan solusi ini ke persamaan (13) didapat:

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a 2 q ( 2 ) - --- 4 k ~ K x e i 2 ( h - m t ) - i4kKe i 2 ( h - o t )

ax2 Maka persamaan (13) menjadi (tanda Re di sebelah kanan diabaikan):

L

Dengan relasi c=wlk maka suku pertama dan kedua saling meniadakan sehingga konstanta K menjadi:

Maka solusi (14) menjadi:

Solusi fisis adalah bagian real dari bilangan kompleks (Komp=Real+i Imag) maka denga teorema Euler kita dapatkan solusi:

i2(*r-mt) - - -R e(i - 3 gA2m x[cos 2(kx - wt) + i sin 2(kx - a t ) ) xe 1 4 c

Ambil bagian rielnya, sehingga solusi menjadi:

q ( 2 ) = --- gA2w xsin 2 ( h - wt) 4 c3

dengan subtitusi ke persamaan (1 I ) maka kecepatan pasut menjadi:

1 g 2 ~ 2 2 2

U ( 2 ) = 3 g A m cos 2(kx - wt) - - x sin 2 (kx - wt )

8 c3 4 c4

Dengan solusi ini maka solusi persamaan ( I ) dan (2) sampai orde ke dua adalah:

1 g 2 ~ 2 2 2

gA 3 g A w u ( x , ~ ) = - c o s ~ ( ~ - ~ ~ ) - - ~ c o s ~ ( ~ - ~ ~ ) - - xsin 2(kx - wt) C 8 c 4 c4

Solusi (19) dan (20) adalah solusi persamaan klasik perairan dangkal dengan metode teori gangguan (perturbation theory) sampai orde ke dua.

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LAMPIRAN I11 Forrnulasi Dinamika sistem dalam STELLA 4.0

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Sal(t) = Sal(t - dt) + (SalInput - ~aloutput) * dt

INIT Sal = 1-((Sal1nput)-(Saloutput)) SalInput = IF(- 1.00<Tidalc2.9)AND(O. 07<Currents<0.34)~~~~(max(l5.54,23.77) )ELSE (0) Saloutput = ~iver-current/River-dimension Currents = Random(0.07,0.34) River-current = 1500 River-dimension = max((300*1),(700*3.5)) Tidal = Random(-1,2.90) Mangrove - cover (t) = Mangrove-Cover (t - dt) + (~egenerating - Loss) * dt

INIT Mangrove-Cover = 114497.920 Regenerating = (Total- and-Area) an an grove-Cover/~egenerating-~ime)

LOSS = (~ambak~Hectares*Rate~of~~onver~i0n)+C0nversi0n+0i1~and~Gas~Hectares Total - Land - Area(t) = Total-Land-Area(t - dt) + ( - change-in-hectares) * dt

INIT Total-Land-Area = 150000 Change-in-hectares = Conversion Conversion = 1 Rate-of-conversion = angr grove-Cover/Total-Land-Area) Regenerating Time = ((~angrove~~over)/init(~angrove~~over)) *0.0876 oil-and- as-Eectares (t) = Oil-and-Gas-Hectares (t - dt) + (OG-expansion) * dt

INIT Oil-and-Gas-Hectares = 2729 OG-expansion = 0 Price (t) = Price (t - dt) + (change-in-price) * dt

INIT Price = 120000 Change-in-Price = 1~1~(~hrimp~Production)*120000 Shrimp-production (t) = Shrimp-Production (t - dt) + (harvest - Consumption) * dt

INIT Shrimp - Production = 1- ((max(200,1000)/~ambak~~ectares))

harvest = IF (15<~al<25) THEN(~~X (1000) * (2) )ELSE (0) Consumption = (((80/100)*11278750000)+((60/100)*7586698000~~/~rice ~ambak-~ectares(t) = TambakHectares(t - dt) + (~xpansion - ~osing-Hectares) * dt

INIT Tambak-Hectares = max(420,150000) Expansion = ate-of-expansion*Total- and-Area Losing-Hectares = IF(Profits - ~ ~ u a c u l t u r e ) ~ ( ~ r o f i t ~ e r ~ h e ~ t a r e ) ~ ~ ~ ~ ( m a x ( 4 2 0 , l l 4 0 0 0 ) ) e ~ s e (0) Cost of Devlt = Min(9760000,13960000) profits-Aquaculture = (Price*Shrimp-production) -~ost-of-~ev~t prof itjer-hectare = prof its-Aquaculture/~ambak-Hectares,~ ate-of-expansion = ~amp(0.7,16)

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LAMPIRAN IV Program QBasic Pernodelan Dinamika Salinitas

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~ R E M 1-D DENSITY CURRENT HORIZONTAL DENSITY GRADIENT DIM U(lOO), UN(loo), Z(loo), s(loo), sN(loo), R(l00) t H(l00) READ DT, DX, IM, NM, K, E, HO, A DATA 10, 100, 4, 1000, 0.001, 100, 5, 0.0007 FOR I = 0 TO IM READ S(1): ~ ( 1 ) = 100 * (1 + A * S(1)) NEXT I DATA 54 DATA 0 FOR I = 0 TO IM READ U(1) NEXT I DATA 3.02 DATA 1.6 DATA -1.52 DATA 0.087 FOR I = 1 TO IM READ H(1) NEXT I DATA 10 DATA 10 DATA 10 DATA 10 DATA 10 DATA 10 N = O T = O 6 0 N = N + l T = T + D T FOR I = 1 TO IM - 1 Z(1) = Z(1) - DT / 2 / DX * ((H(1) +H(I + 1)) * U(I + 1) - (~(1) +H(I - 1) NEXT I FOR I = 2 TO IM - 1 Z(1) = Z(1) - DT / 2 / DX * ((H(1) +H(I + 1)) * U(I + 1) - (~(1) +H(I - I))? NEXT I FOR I = 2 TO IM - 1 m(1) = U(1) - DT / 2 / DX * U(1) * (U(1 + 1) - U(1 - 1)) - DT * 9.8 / DX/ DX - DT * K * U(1) * ABS(U(1)) * 2 / (H(1) + H(1 - 1))

, U(1); " UN:"; UN(1); "R:"; I; R(1) PRINT "U: " . NEXT I FOR I = 1 TO IM - 1 SN(1) = S(1) - DT / 2 / DX * ((S(1 + 1) + S(1)) * U(I + 1) - (~(1) + S(I - 1) NEXT I SN(0) = SN(1) SN(1M) = SN(1M - 1) FOR I = 0 TO IM U(1) = UN(1) : S (I) = SN(1) : R(1) = 100 * (1 + A * S (I) ) NEXT I IF N / 20 c> INT(N / 20) THEN GOT0 60:PRINT "N= "; N FOR I = 1 TO IM: PRINT "Z-"; I; Z(1) NEXT 1:PRINT FOR I = 1 TO IM :PRINT "U-"; I; U(1); NEXT 1:PRINT FOR I = 1 TO IM :PRINT "S-"; I; S(1) NEXT I PRINT IF N c NM THEN GOT0 60 END

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LAMPIRAN V Program Pernodelan Spasial Difusi Salinitas (dengan Arc Macro Language - AMLTM)

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&program to create routed sea water flow accumulation &data arc grid &type Computing reverse flow accumulation . . . DOCELL if (batiflow > 54) batiflowrev = 55 else batiflowrev = batiflow - 54 end quit &type done.. &end

/ * program to create routed salinity grid &type Salinity Model . . . &type kill saligrid all kill batiflowmax all kill batiflowrev all kill pasutgrid all kill saligridadv all kill saligridiff all

&data arc grid &type Computing reverse flow accumulation . . . start working processing...!! DOCELL if (batiflow > 54) batiflowmax = 54 else batiflowmax = batiflow

end batiflowrev = batiflowmax / 34 saligrid = batiflowrev * %.maxsali%

/ * calculate salinity threshold routing &s .maxsali = 23 / * maximum salinity value at sea &type processing ... / * hitung tidal at ti &s .pazut = 1.606 / * tidal value input pasutgrid = (batiflowrev * %.pazut%) - ( 0.33 / batiflowrev) saligridadv = 12.4 / 2 / 10 * pasutgrid saligridiff = 12.4 * 0.007 / 100 * (slope(batiflowmax,percentrise

) saligrid2 = saligrid - abs(sa1igridadv) + abs(sa1igridiff)

/ * kill saligrid all / * saligrid = saligrid2 quit &end &type finished ...

/ * program to create routed salinity grid &type Salinity . . . &data arc grid saligridj =

DOCELL if (batiflow > 54) batiflowmax = 54 else batiflowmax = batiflow

end batiflowrev = batiflowmax / 54 &s .maxsali = 23 / * maximum salinity value at sea

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/ * calculate initial salinity grid saligrid = batiflowrev * %.maxsali%

quit &end &type finished . . .

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198

LAMPIRAN VI Hasil pemodelan dinamika sistem dengan STELLA@ versi 4.0

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Years

1 2

3

4

5 6

7

8 9

10

11 12

13

14

15 16

17

18 19

20

21

22 23

24

Final

Mangrove Cover Tambak Hectares Losing Hectares

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LAMPIRAN VII Coverage yang digunakan dalarn analisis multikriteria spasial

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GAMBAR A. PRODUKSI TAMBAK

Pemanfaatan Tambak

L.gmd --I

/mmk

I Nwa Rdubaibr i Rhizopora

. , mhfml I . trmbak '

I LC83 Tambakl

Page 32: Daftar Pustaka_2003trp.pdf

GAMBAR B. PRODUKSI MINYAK DAN GAS BUM1

Pemanfaatan Minyak dan Gas Bumi Legmd

n m b

-JIm a 0 n d . d - m a & n -Oura#crmL

A L

&Mawha

I --w - Talb& ' 1 L r d a h b a t h

p l p . b u l ( l - LC33

h -- N

Wlometers 0 3.75 75 15

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GAMBAR C. KONSERVASI

Konservasi

N kilometers

0 3.75 7.5 15 I

Page 34: Daftar Pustaka_2003trp.pdf

Salinitas dalam kondisi iklim ekstrim

Wend extremedass2

y ---a. ' & P . - 1. .

- h e - - I L

N L - -- I- Klometers 0 4 8 16

Salinitas ekstrim antara 14 ppm hingga 57 rendah -05 ppm berdasarkan pada kondisi pasut ekstrim (terendah -0 5m; tertingg13 3m dan kece pat an arus pasut = 16m/detik]

Page 35: Daftar Pustaka_2003trp.pdf

Tutupan Vegetasi hingga tahun 1983)

Legend %

Leu-name C u n i ~ p l d n - . d B k- . : -L. ' D m - A ;; - 8

DsECsdedmd DsrrasMcsrnla " 5 % - DmseRhbophora F-magrow M k a d ~ n a S r k r w t

~mddsprwaed~wicamia

NwdRhizopkaa P w N m

m a -- m r

h N

I l l I Iorneters 0 4 8 16

Page 36: Daftar Pustaka_2003trp.pdf

Kemungkinan konversi

Legend urns 0

1 1

3 4

1

A N 8 -! --

IUTI- I lom met 0 26 5 10 Kernunpkinan konversi bag[ tambak udang dengan analids multi kriteria dengan pertirnbangan: - Jarak dengan pusat pasar (Samarinda) - Tutupan lahan - Landuse

Page 37: Daftar Pustaka_2003trp.pdf

Wlaya h dengan Kemungkinan Konversi

Legend Optimum3 V extremeclass2 I

Class

#"I %

A h

00 1

a 4 9

I

1 I

4 I$ L L

le m

w ,st. " I

1 6 r l , a -

N

I - 1 Meters 0 4875 9750 19,500

Peta kemungkinan komersi hasil analisis munikriteria dengan kriteria: Jarak dengan pusat pasar (Samarinda) Tutupan Nipah Penggunaan lahan (land use)

2

Page 38: Daftar Pustaka_2003trp.pdf

- -

INFRASTRUKTUR PIPA , " Z . j - 3

'C* ::-- 5 . - >,-- -.

"-, . -.c-+ 7 L k r-. .

b I C

re F' f 1 .. .rL

A N

I- I ffilometers 0 35 7 14

Page 39: Daftar Pustaka_2003trp.pdf

Kemiringan Lahan

Legend Value 00 D o - 1

1 000000001 - 2

2 000000001 - 4

1 7- 7 1

1 i A

I 4 J ,

a-" JU N L- -

I - 1 Klometers 0 4 8 16

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Jenis Tanah

Legend LCU-NAME I Degraded marsh I Deltaic culture

Intertidal Mudflat

N I - I Klometers

0 4 8 16

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Daerah dengan Jenis Tanah dan Kemiringan Optimum

Legend - 8

. - -,- !:-r ,- b-- ,< ,I -_ ' _

L . .

igh : 4 - I 1 C.: . k i l s l o p e

1 A 7 --

a L' I

. 5 h -

b - - - - Ir

d

a i. N (7 Klometers 0 4 8 16

C

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PER UBAHAN TUTU PAN LAHAN HASlL ANALISIS ClTRA MU LTITEMPORAL

9-7. 4' /

1

I 7

A N 2. , -I[ Meters

0 4 /25 9,250 18,500

dlouble-click to enter text>

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TUTUPAN VEGETASI

Legend GRlDCO DE 1

(-I MIometers 0 35 7 14 Vegetasi pada tahun 2001 overlay dengan hasil analisis cilra multi temporal

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TUTUPAN LAHAN

Kondsi Wupm Lahan

h N

Klometers 0 45 9 18

Overlayvegetasi M01 h a i l citra multi temporal dengan futupan lahan tahun 2001

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Usulan Tataruang

a a u b . r i e a g a I # I

m1011 rlapoa -

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pipebuffl - Tambakl