CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

69
CT DR SAKHER-ALKHADERI CONSULTANT RADIOLOGIST AMC CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Transcript of CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Page 1: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

CT

DR SAKHER-ALKHADERICONSULTANT RADIOLOGIST AMC

CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Page 2: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Cross section anatomy of abdominal ct scan

Page 3: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 4: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 5: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 6: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 7: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 8: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 9: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 10: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 11: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 12: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 13: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 14: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 15: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 16: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 17: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 18: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 19: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 20: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 21: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 22: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 23: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 24: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 25: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 26: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 27: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 28: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Anatomy of the liver segments

Page 29: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Anatomy of the liver segments

Page 30: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 31: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Right hepatic vein divides the right lobe into anterior and posterior segments.Middle hepatic vein divides the liver into right and left lobes (or right and left hemiliver). This plane runs from the inferior vena cava to the gallbladder fossa.The Falciform ligament divides the left lobe into a medial- segment IV and a lateral part - segment II and III.The portal vein divides the liver into upper and lower segments.The left and right portal veins branch superiorly and inferiorly to project into the center of each segment.

Anatomy of liver segments

Page 32: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

segment I :   is the caudate lobe situated posteriorly around the IVC and different to the other 7 segments. It may receive its supply from both the right and the left portal vein and is drained directly into the IVC by one or more small hepatic veinsThe remainder of the segments (II to VIII) are numbered in a clockwise fashion starting superiorly in the left hemiliver :segments II and III  : are lateral to the left hepatic vein and falciform ligament with II superior and III inferior to the portal planesegment IV  : lies medial to the falciform ligament, between the left and middle hepatic veins. It is subdivided into IVa (superior) and IVb (inferior) subsegments. Easy tip: IVa above and IVb below the portal plane. Segment IV includes the quadrate lobe.Segment V to VIII make up the right hemiliver and are easier to describe:segment V  : is located below the portal plane between the middle and right hepatic veinssegment VI  : is located below the portal plane lateral to the right hepatic veinsegment VII :  is located above the portal plane lateral to the right hepatic veinsegment VIII : is located above the portal plane between the middle and right hepatic veins

Page 33: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

CT

PERITONEUM ANATOMY

Page 34: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Peritoneum

Page 35: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 36: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 37: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 38: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 39: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 40: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 41: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 42: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 43: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 44: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Mesoappendix

Page 45: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Inflammed mesosigmoid in diverticulitis

Page 46: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Mesenteries

True mesenteries all connect to the posterior peritoneal wall. These are:The small bowel mesenteryThe transverse mesocolonThe sigmoid mesentery (or mesosigmoid)

Specialized mesenteries do not connect to the posterior peritoneal wall. These are:The greater omentum: connects the stomach to the colonThe lesser omentum: connects the stomach to the liverThe mesoappendix: connects the appendix to the ileum

Page 47: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

1-The lesser omentum2-Transverse mesocolon3-Small bowel mesentery4-Sigmoid mesentery

Mesenteries

Page 48: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 49: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

The falciform ligament is the remnant of the most ventral part of the ventral mesentery and contains the obliterated umbilical vein. It is a relative (incomplete) barrier to the transfer of fluid from the right subphrenic space to the left subphrenic space

Page 50: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 51: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 52: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 53: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 54: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 55: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

The transverse mesocolon divides the peritoneum into the supramesocolic and inframesocolic spaces;Left Supramesocolic Spaces:Includes   left subphrenic, and

perisplenic spaces Right Supramesocolic Spaces:include the right subphrenic

(subdiaphragmatic) space, the Morison pouch (subhepatic or hepatorenal space), and the lesser sac (omental bursa).-The right subhepatic space is an important site of fluid collections resulting from liver injuries because it is the most gravity-dependent space at this site

Peritoneal spaces

Page 56: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Peritoneal spaces

Morison pouch (subhepatic or hepatorenal space),

Page 57: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Right and Left Inframesocolic Spaces

The right and left inframesocolic spaces are separated from the supramesocolic spaces by the transverse mesocolon and from the paracolic gutters laterally by the ascending or descending colon. The smaller right inframesocolic space is limited inferiorly by the attachment of the small bowel mesentery to the cecum; collections in this space generally do not extend into the pelvis However, the larger left inframesocolic space communicates freely with the pelvis.

Peritoneal spaces

Page 58: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Peritoneal spaces

Page 59: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY
Page 60: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Lesser sac

Page 61: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Lesser sac

Page 62: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Pelvic peritoneal space

The pelvic peritoneal space is the inferior reflection of the peritoneum over the fundus of the urinary bladder and the front of the rectum at the junction of its middle and lower thirds. In females, the reflection is also over the anterior and posterior surface of the uterus and the upper posterior vagina.In males there is only one potential space for fluid collection posterior to the bladder, the rectovesical pouch.

In females there are two potential spaces posterior to the bladder, the uterovesical pouch, and posterior to the uterus the deeper rectouterine pouch (pouch of Douglas).

The layers of peritoneum on the anterior and posterior surfaces of the uterus are reflected laterally to the pelvic side walls as the broad ligaments, containing thefallopian tubes.

Page 63: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Pelvic peritoneal space

Page 65: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Retroperitoneal Spaces

Page 66: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Retroperitoneal Spaces

Page 67: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

Retroperitoneal Spaces

Page 68: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

S = Suprarenal (adrenal) GlandsA = Aorta/IVCD =Duodenum (except the duodenal cap- first 2cm)P = Pancreas (except the tail)U = UretersC = Colon (ascending and descending parts)K = KidneysE = (O)esophagusR = Rectum

Retroperitoneal organs

Page 69: CT ABDOMEN ANATOMY

THE END