Submitted to: Submitted by:

Ms. Yamini

10514803913

DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT

MAHARAJA AGRASEN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

(Affiliated to G.G.S.I.P. University)

Sector – 22, Rohini, Delhi -110086

An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institute

AICTE NBA Accredited Institute

Q1. 'An organization’s role is not limited only to earn profits. It has

certain responsibilities towards the society'. Discuss briefly the

different responsibilities of an organization in society.

Organizations have moral, ethical, and philanthropic responsibilities in addition to

their responsibilities to earn a fair return for investors and comply with the law. A

traditional view of the corporation suggests that its primary, if not sole,

responsibility is to its owners, or stockholders. However, corporate social

responsibility requires organizations to adopt a broader view of its responsibilities

that includes not only stockholders, but many other constituencies as well,

including employees, suppliers, customers, the local community, local, state, and

federal governments, environmental groups, and other special interest groups.

Collectively, the various groups affected by the actions of an organization are

called "stakeholders”.

Carroll and Buchholtz's four-part definition of CSR makes explicit the multi-

faceted nature of social responsibility. The economic responsibilities cited in the

definition refer to society's expectation that organizations will produce goods and

services that are needed and desired by customers and sell those goods and services

at a reasonable price. Organizations are expected to be efficient, profitable, and to

keep shareholder interests in mind. The legal responsibilities relate to the

expectation that organizations will comply with the laws set down by society to

govern competition in the marketplace. Organizations have thousands of legal

responsibilities governing almost every aspect of their operations, including

consumer and product laws, environmental laws, and employment laws. The

ethical responsibilities concern societal expectations that go beyond the law, such

as the expectation that organizations will conduct their affairs in a fair and just

way. This means that organizations are expected to do more than just comply with

the law, but also make proactive efforts to anticipate and meet the norms of society

even if those norms are not formally enacted in law. Finally, the discretionary

responsibilities of corporations refer to society's expectation that organizations be

good citizens. This may involve such things as philanthropic support of programs

benefiting a community or the nation. It may also involve donating employee

expertise and time to worthy causes.

Types of corporate social responsibility

CSR can encompass a wide variety of tactics, from giving nonprofit organizations

a portion of a company's proceeds, to giving away a product or service to a worthy

recipient for every sale made. Here are a few of the broad categories of social

responsibility that businesses are practicing:

Environmental issues

Corporations have long been criticized for their negative effect on the natural

environment in terms of wasting natural resources and contributing to

environmental problems such as pollution and global warming. The use of fossil

fuels is thought to contribute to global warming, and there is both governmental

and societal pressure on corporations to adhere to stricter environmental standards

and to voluntarily change production processes in order to do less harm to the

environment. Other issues related to the natural environment include waste

disposal, deforestation, acid rain, and land degradation.

Global issues

Corporations increasingly operate in a global environment. The globalization of

business appears to be an irreversible trend, but there are many opponents to it.

Critics suggest that globalization leads to the exploitation of developing nations

and workers, destruction of the environment, and increased human rights abuses.

They also argue that globalization primarily benefits the wealthy and widens the

gap between the rich and the poor. Proponents of globalization argue that open

markets lead to increased standards of living for everyone, higher wages for

workers worldwide, and economic development in impoverished nations. Many

large corporations are multinational in scope and will continue to face legal, social,

and ethical issues brought on by the increasing globalization of business.

Technology issues

Another contemporary social issue relates to technology and its effect on society.

For example, the Internet has opened up many new avenues for marketing goods

and services, but has also opened up the possibility of abuse by corporations.

Issues of privacy and the security of confidential information must be

addressed. Biotechnology companies face questions related to the use of

embryonic stem cells, genetic engineering, and cloning. All of these issues have

far-reaching societal and ethical implications. As our technological capabilities

continue to advance, it is likely that the responsibilities of corporations in this area

will increase dramatically.

Philanthropy

Businesses also practice social responsibility by donating to national and local

charities. Whether it involves giving money or time, businesses have a lot of

resources that can benefit charities and local community programs.

Ethical labor practices

By treating employees fairly and ethically, companies can also demonstrate their

corporate social responsibility. This is especially true of businesses that operate in

international locations with labor laws that differ from those in the United States.

These 10 socially responsible companies know how to make an impact beyond

their headquarters:

1. Toms “One for one” motto is a well known phrase. They’ve recently upped

the ante by donating a portion of their sunglass sales to vision care for

children in need. But it’s not just consumers that are involved in Toms’

social good, its employees as well. Toms’ employees participate in an

annual Shoe Drop where they travel and donate a variety of goods to

children. Their careers page specifically calls for employees that want to

change lives and be a part of a movement.

2.  LinkedIn. One Friday each month LinkedIn’s employees participate

“InDay.” InDay’s purpose is to give back to the community through

employee volunteerism and resources. Each InDay has a different theme

allowing diverse departments to come together for a common cause.

InDay activities range from guest speakers discussing global justice, to

initiating global learning programs,  and volunteering in local communities.

3. PG&E does its part to serve the communities of California. On Earth Day

employees help clean and restore 18 state parks. They

are exemplary members of Habitat for Humanity and volunteer by providing

solar panels on new Habitat homes. Employee volunteerism hits inside the

home as well by participating in various food programs providing those

struggling to make ends meet with care packages and thousands of pounds

of groceries. The employees clearly care about their Coast.

4.  Zappos is a company creating a social impact with a shoebox. Zappos is

known for a company culture that focuses on the well being of their

employees and they are on a mission to make the world a better place, for

everyone. They also donate huge amounts of Zappos goods to tons of

charitable organizations. Their employees are paid for time off if they are

volunteering, because Zappos knows 9-5 isn’t the only work that matters.

5.  General Electric’s employees volunteer over 1 million hours per year!

Donations from the GE foundation have supported senior centers, children

with autism, literacy programs, and neglected urban spaces among many

other programs. On Global Community Days, GE coordinates company-

wide to address urgent projects around the world. GE knows that a helping

hand starts in your backyard extends across the world.

6. Cisco’s initiatives cover every aspect of daily life. Global projects provide

education, healthcare, economic empowerment, and disaster relief to areas in

need. Cisco employee’s log more than 160,000 volunteer hours around the

world in a year. Teams of Cisco employees called Civic Councils get

involved in their local communities by organizing events and donation

projects. Cisco asks their employees to, “be a part of the equation. You +

Networks= Impact Multiplied.”

7. Deloitte employees both have the opportunity to lead and attend conferences

that provide training on volunteerism and non-profit organization. What is

that saying about teaching a man to fish? Deloitte has a keen awareness that

training employees on skills based volunteer programs and running

functional non-profits has the ability to have long term effects rather than

simply taking an employee volunteer trip.

8. Verizon “is proud to support the generosity of their employees.”  The

Verizon Matching Gifts program matches employee financial donations 1:1

to qualified organizations. The spirit of giving doesn’t stop there. They also

encourage employees to volunteer. If employees log more than 50 hours

with an organization they can apply for a $750 grant awarded to the

organization from Verizon.

9. Dell supports over 4,615 charities around the world.  Dell

YouthConnect provides technology and educational facilities in 11

countries. The Dell Social Innovation Challenge provides funding and

mentorship to college students to further projects that help solve social

problems. Dell’s disaster relief program provides holistic assistance to

communities affected by natural disaster around the world.  Dell’s

employees are a social good force to be reckoned with.

10.IBM believes in Corporate Citizenship. Their social good projects extend

across societal issues. Employees volunteer in environmental efforts,

community economic development, education, health, literacy, language and

culture. Their year long volunteer initiative, “Celebration of Service,”

logged over 3,00,000 hours of service. IBM has also established, “On

Demand Community,” enabling employees and retirees to find volunteer

opportunities, through trainings and placement.