• Particles (not rays) originating space constantly bombarding Earth’s atmosphere

• Protons, electrons, neutrinos, or atomic nuclei

• Radiation

• Primary and secondary

• Rotating neutron stars, supernovae, and black holes

• Solar, Galactic, Extragalactic, Ultra-High-Energy, and Anomalous

• Henri Becquerel,1896• Victor Hess, 1912• Werner Kolhorster,

1913-1914• Hess received Nobel

prize in Physics in 1936

• 1927-1937• Muons

• Hideki Yukawa• 1935, Theory of the

Nuclear Force

• Pion • Pionmuonelectr

on

•

• Shower• The incoming particle

• Bruno Rossi

• Rossi Cosmic Ray Group at the MIT

• Nuclei• Shower

• Muons• Bubble Chambers

and Scintillation Detectors

• Extensive air shower array • Study stellar point sources of gamma rays.• Tracking detectors

• Most energetic

• Major mystery in astronomy• Scientists didn’t figure out its origin yet.• Ultra High

• Effects of Cosmic Rays• Damage on the human body• Coronal Mass Ejections(CMEs)

Bibliography

• http://www.gsfc.nasa.gov/scienceques2002/20021213.htm

• helios.gsfc.nasa.gov/cosmic.html • en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic_ray • quarknet.fnal.gov/ • http;//www.williamette.edu/cla/physics/student

%20work/About.html• http;//www.buzzle.com/edotprials/4-11-2005-

68369.asp