CLASSIFYING MATTER

ATOM

• The atom is a basic unit of matter.

• It consists of a dense central nucleus.

• It is surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.

• The atomic nucleus contains a mix of positively charged protons and electrically neutral neutrons.

ELEMENT

• A chemical element is a pure chemical substance consisting of ONE type of atom.

• It is distinguished by its atomic number.

• Which is the number of protons in its atomic nucleus.

• Elements are divided into metals, metalloids, and nonmetals

MOLECULE

• Molecules form when two or more atoms make chemical bonds with each other.

• It doesn't matter if the atoms are the same or are different from each other.

• They are joined together chemically

EXAMPLES OF MOLECULES

• H2O (water)

• N2 (nitrogen)

• O3 (ozone)

• CaO (calcium oxide)

• C6H12O6 (glucose, a type of sugar)

COMPOUND

• A substance that consists of two or more different types of atoms (elements) bonded together.

• It can have very different properties from the original elements

• All compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A MOLECULE AND A COMPOUND?

• A compound is a type of molecule.

• A molecule is formed when two or more atoms of an element chemically join together.

• If the types of atoms are different from each other, a compound is formed.

• Not all molecules are compounds, since some molecules, such as hydrogen gas or ozone, consist only of one element or type of atom.

http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/matter/elements-and-compounds.htm

Hopefully this will help…

LET’S CLARIFY MORE….

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0gsrW0Vb5sw

EXAMPLES OF COMPOUNDSExamples of Formulas for compounds Examples of names of

common compounds

H2O WaterC6H12O6 GlucoseC2H6O Alcohol

 NaCl SaltC2H6O EthanolC2H4O2 Vinegar

NH3 AmmoniaC2H4O2 Acetic AcidC4H10 ButaneH2SO4 Sulfuric AcidCH4 Methane

C12H22O11 SucroseC3H8 Propane

NaHCO3 Baking SodaN2O Nitrogen

C6H8O7 Citric AcidC8H18 Octane

C10H16O Camphor

MIXTURE• Most matter around you.

• Can be a compound or element.

• A combination of substances that remain the same individual substances and can be separated by physical means.

• Example- mixing apple, oranges, and bananas to make a fruit salad. You do not change them into a new kind of fruit. You could still physically separate it back to their original form.

2 TYPES OF MIXTURES

Heterogeneous Mixtures

You can see the separate parts of them.

Different properties in different areas of the mixture.

Example- lemonade and ice

Homogeneous Mixtures

All the parts are blended evenly.

You can’t see the difference between the parts.

Example- Sugar and water, homogenized milk

LET’S RESTATE….

http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/matter/mixtures.htm

SOLUTIONS

• A homogeneous mixture composed of only one phase.

• In such a mixture,

• a solute is a substance dissolved in another substance, known as a solvent. The solvent does the dissolving.

• Solute- The substance that dissolves into the solvent.

• Solvent- The substance that does the dissolving.

• Solubility- measures how much of a substance dissolves in a given volume of liquid. Example, dirt and water, sugar and water

NEXT WE WILL TALK ABOUT

• Chemical equations

• Pure Substances

• Chemical bonds

• Physical bonds