Bio-organic molecules 1. carbohydrates 2. proteins 3. lipids 4. nucleic acids.

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Bio-organic molecules 1. carbohydrates 2. proteins 3. lipids 4. nucleic acids

Transcript of Bio-organic molecules 1. carbohydrates 2. proteins 3. lipids 4. nucleic acids.

Page 1: Bio-organic molecules 1. carbohydrates 2. proteins 3. lipids 4. nucleic acids.

Bio-organic molecules

1. carbohydrates

2. proteins

3. lipids

4. nucleic acids

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Protein function based on gene analysis

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Somatic cells are diploid

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Chromosome 4

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/SCIENCE96/chr?4

Huntington’sDiseaseautosomal dominant

Ellis van CreveldSyndromeautosomalrecessive

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DNA

protein

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Transcription

Page 58: Bio-organic molecules 1. carbohydrates 2. proteins 3. lipids 4. nucleic acids.
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Translation

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Protein binding1. specificity

2. affinity

3. saturation

4. competition

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A + B C + D

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+ 7 kcal/mol + H+

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Energy is stored in chemical bonds

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Energy is stored in chemical bonds

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Enzyme substrate interactions

1. specificity

2. affinity

3. saturation

4. competition

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M.R. Redinbo et al. (1998) Science 279: 1504

Enzyme: Topoisomerase I

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Reaction rates

What happens when you increase the amount of enzyme?

What happens when you increasethe amount of substrate?

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