Your Body’s Need for Food

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins and Nucleic Acids

What are organic compounds?

most matter in your body is made of organic compounds

organic compounds contain carbon carbon atoms covalently bond to

other elements like hydrogen and oxygen

What are the four organic compounds found in the human body?

1. Carbohydrates

2. Lipids

3. Proteins

4. Nucleic Acids

Carbohydrates (sugars or starches)

What are carbohydrates made of?1.) carbon2.) hydrogen3.) oxygen

carbohydrates (carbs) are a key source of energy

carbs are found in fruits, vegetables and grains

Carbohydrate Structure monosaccharide's –

contain 1 sugar molecule and cannot be broken down

disaccharides – sugar made up of two monosaccharide's

polysaccharides – made up of many monosaccharide's linked together by glycosidic linkages

Examples of Carbohydrates Fruits, vegetables

and grains

Lipids (fats)

What are lipids made of?1.) carbon2.) hydrogen3.) oxygen

lipids are fats that store energy in cells, fats are found around tissues as padding and insulation

Lipids (Fats) Continued

lipids are found in fats, steroids and waxes

2 types of lipids1.) saturated fat: solid at room temperature2.) unsaturated fat: liquid at

room temperature

Lipid Structure saturated fats –

solid at room temperature, contains only single bonds

Lipid Structure Continued unsaturated fats – liquid at room

temperature contains double bonds

Examples of saturated and unsaturated fats

saturated fats

unsaturated fats

Examples of Lipids

Fats, steroids and waxes

Proteins

What are proteins made of?1.) amino acids that are linked

together by peptide bonds form proteins

proteins do most work in cells and are required for the structure and function of the body's tissue and organs

Protein Structure

Proteins Continued

humans can only make 10 of the 20 amino acids

the other 10 amino acids (essential amino acids) must come from what we eat on a daily basis

unlike fat and sugars we can not store amino acids

Where can we find proteins? We can find proteins in:

1.) hair

2.) finger nails

3.) horns

4.) hoofs

Examples of Proteins

What foods are rich in protein?

Nucleic Acids found in all of your cells nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides carry genetic information in cells 2 types of nucleic acids

1.) DNA2.) RNA

we will discuss nucleic acids later

Nucleic Acid Structure DNA

(deoxyribonucleic acid) – carries genetic information

RNA (ribonucleic acid) – makes proteins

What did you learn?

What are the 4 types of organic compounds?1.) carbohydrates (sugars)2.) lipids (fats)3.) proteins 4.) nucleic acids

What are carbohydrates?

main source of energy in body

found in fruits, vegetables and grains

apples, corn, soda pop, potatoes, bread and broccoli

What are lipids (fats)?

store energy in the body used as insulation around organs and

tissues 2 types saturated and unsaturated found in fats, steroids and waxes examples, cooking oil, butter, ice

cream and chips

What are proteins?

are made from peptide bonds formed from amino acids

there are 20 amino acids we make 10 naturally must consume the other 10 by eating

poultry, fish, milk beef and nuts

Nucleic Acids

All cells have nucleic acids 2 types are DNA and RNA

The End

You Are What You Eat