Basic House Design Grimsby Secondary School. Essential Question What are some of the different house...
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Transcript of Basic House Design Grimsby Secondary School. Essential Question What are some of the different house...
Basic House Design
Grimsby Secondary School
Essential Question
• What are some of the different house designs styles used?
• Which would be most effective for a person with a physical disability?
One Story Ranch Style
• Has all living space on one story• Is called simply a ranch house• Can have a basement depending on area of the country and what the owner wants.
• Has a low pitched roof• Can be built on a crawl space, or on a full basement.
Disadvantage of a Ranch
• Usually costs more to build then other designs of similar square footage
• Cost more because of larger foundation and roof needed.
• Requires a larger lot then others designs
• The large “foot print” can cause heating problems in certain areas of the house because of distance from furnaces. (Electric heat does not have the problem)
• Maintenance cost can be more because of roof size and exterior wall surface size
One and One-Half Story
• This style is sometimes called a Cape Cod.
• It similar to a ranch with the exception that it has a steeper roof that provides space for an attic. Dormers are used in the attic.
• Dormers are used to provide natural light, air circulation, and extra headroom.
Advantages
• The cost per unit of habitable space is low.
• Attic can add about a ½ of a first floors worth of living space.
• Attics make more living space available.
• It is a versatile design
• Heating cost are minimized due to the smaller amount of exterior walls compared to the amount of room available
• Cooling can be aided with the use of Louvered Ventilators at each end and plenty of insulation
Disadvantages and Considerations
• Dormers, stairs, and slightly steeper roofs increase the cost of the house.
• Adapting the house for Disabled person increase cost.
• Attics can have wasted space.
• When designing a house of this type you must consider the following:
• Ultimate how many people it will hold
• Designs for expansion of utilities
• Kitchen, living and dining rooms should be carefully considered
TWO STORY DESIGNS
• More economical to build
• Has smaller roof and foundation but large interior space
• May be built on a basement, slab or crawl space
• Heating and cooling is relatively simple.
• Heat will naturally rise from the first floor to the second
• Cooling is made easy since there is no ceiling directly connected to the roof.
Disadvantages
• Exterior maintenance is more expensive because of height
• Some find stair climbing to be difficult
• Does not allow for versatility
Split level Design
Split Level Design
• Split level design came about when there was to many hills or to great of a slope to a lot for a normal house to be built.
• Works only on extremely hilly areas.• The general arrangement of split levels separate the sleeping, living, and recreational areas of a house. There is little or no need for halls in this design.
Lowest Level (basement)
• This level usually contains the Basement
• The basement may be used to store heating, and cooling equipment, be a storage room and even possibly a shop or washroom.
• An appropriate sized basement is between 40 and 60 percent of the house footprint.
Basement Level
• A basement may not be necessary/desired in that case having a crawl space is necessary for maintenance
Intermediate Level
• This is the next level up from the basement. It is also usually ground level.
• This is where the garage and the recreational rooms are located
• May include patios and terraces that enhance the recreational area.
Kitchen/Living Level
• The Next level up is the living level
• This level contains the kitchen, living room, maybe a bathroom.
• It also contains a foyer, mud room, and wash room
Sleeping Level
• This is usually the highest level. Because of its height it has the most privacy.
• This area usually contains all the bedrooms and the bathrooms.
Variations of the Split-Level Design
• There are three types of Design Variations:
Side-by-sideFront-to-backBack-to-front.
Side-by-Side
• This is used when the lot slopes from one side to another
• This design places the living level on the opposite side of the sleeping and intermediate level.
Front-to-back
• This variation is used with lots that are higher in the front and lower in the back.
• This house looks like a ranch from the front and a two story from the back
• The living area faces the street and the sleeping area are on the second level in the rear.
Back-to-Front
• This variation is used when you have a lot that slopes from the back to the front.
• The front looks like a two story the rear looks like a ranch
• The intermediate level faces the street at grade and the sleeping level is above the intermediate level.
Advantages and Disadvantages
• Advantages • Works well in sloped lots.
• Disadvantages• Cost more then a ranch
• Heating can be a problem
• Usually solved with adding additional thermostats
2010 Grimsby Secondary School