AUTOMATIC RAILWAY GATE CONTROL

Under the guidance ofMr.P.V.V.Satyanarayana(Assistant Professor)Sri Vasavi Engineering College

Presented by

M.Anand Sai KumarM.Tej IndraK.Dinesh Kumar

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION CIRCUIT DIAGRAM & WORKING APPLICATIONS RESULT CONCLUSION FUTURE SCOPE REFERENCE QUIRIES

INTRODUCTION

The main aim of the project is to establish automatic railway gates in place of existing manual railway gates, to reduce maintenance expenditure, human mistakes, and accidents.

It is a low cost, maintenance free so that the concept is implemented by using an AT c52series micro controller.

Here we established a railway gate moving towards top and bottom directions with the help of a 12V bi-directional linear DC motor, controlled by micro controller according to the firmware written in internal flash memory

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

V C C

V C C

V C C+1 2 v

V C C

V C C

V C C

V C C

V C C

V C C

V C C

TR A N S F O R M E R1 5

6

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1

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40 0 7

33 p

+10 0 / 1 6

A T8 9 C 5 2

9

1 81 9

2 0

2 93 0

3 14 01

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2 12 22 32 42 52 62 72 8

1 01 11 21 31 41 51 61 7

3 93 83 73 63 53 43 33 2R S T

XTA L 2XTA L 1

G N D

P S E NA LE / P R O G

E A /V P PV C CP 1 .0 / T2

P 1 .1 / T2 -E XP 1 .2P 1 .3P 1 .4P 1 .5P 1 .6P 1 .7

P 2 .0 / A 8P 2 .1 / A 9

P 2 . 2 /A 1 0P 2 . 3 /A 1 1P 2 . 4 /A 1 2P 2 . 5 /A 1 3P 2 . 6 /A 1 4P 2 . 7 /A 1 5

P 3 .0 / R XDP 3 .1 / TXDP 3 .2 / IN T0P 3 .3 / IN T1P 3 .4 / T0P 3 .5 / T1P 3 .6 / W RP 3 .7 / R D

P 0 . 0 / A D 0P 0 . 1 / A D 1P 0 . 2 / A D 2P 0 . 3 / A D 3P 0 . 4 / A D 4P 0 . 5 / A D 5P 0 . 6 / A D 6P 0 . 7 / A D 7

1 1 .0 5 92

3 3 p

40 0 7L 7 8 0 5

1

3

2V IN

GN

D V O U T

12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

+1 0 00 / 2 5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

I n S e n s o r1 2

O u t S e n s o r1 2

G a te S e n s o r1 2

1 0 4p

+10 / 1 6

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1 61 51 41 31 21 11 0

8

1B2B3B4B5B6B7B

1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C

C O MG A TE C LO S I N G M O TO R

1 2

R E S I S TO R

G re e n LE D

41 4 8

B C 5 4 7

R E S I S TO R

B C 5 4 7

R e d L E D

4 1 48

B C 5 47

41 4 8

R E S I S TO R

AC230V

BC557 BC557

B Buzzer

Power Supply

Output LED`sand Buzzer

Motor Driver and Gate Closing Motor

Logic &ControllingSection

Sensors

TRANSFORMER

Transformer is a electromagnetic device which induces the voltage due to magnetic field present between primary and secondary windings.

It has two windings called as primary winding and secondary winding. We are giving input 230v input voltage at primary side. The output of transformer is 12v(ac only).

In this project we are using 12v step down transformer.

RECTIFIER

Rectifier is circuit which converts the ac in to dc. We have two types of rectifier.

o Full wave rectifiero Half wave rectifiero In this project we are using Full wave rectifier

because the efficiency of the Full wave rectifier is high compare to Half wave rectifier.

FILTER The output of rectifier is not pure DC. It may contain some

ripple components that is pulsating DC. To eliminate this ripple components which are present in output we are using filter.

Filter is a circuit which is used to eliminate the ripples present in rectified output.

REGULATOR The output of filter is not constant output voltage it will

varies according to changes in input but we want constant output voltage. For this purpose we are using voltage regulator.

Regulator is defined as it is a device which will maintain constant output irrespective of changes in input.

FEATURESo Compatible with MC C-52 Products.o 8K Bytes of In-System

Reprogrammable Flash Memory.o Endurance: 1,000 Write/Erase

Cycles.o Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 24

MHz.o Three-level Program Memory Lock.o 256 x 8-Bit Internal RAM.o 32 Programmable I/O Lines.

PIN DIAGRAM AND FEATURES OF MC-89C52

MAGNETIC SENSOR It is basically manufactured with magnetic materials two

contacts are normally opened when there is no external magnetic field.

If there is a small magnet near by the magnetic sensor makes the contacts to be short circuited this connected to the Opto- isolator. The output of Opto-isolator connected to the input port of microcontroller.

APPLICATIONS

oThis circuit can be used in railways near Railway gate.

oThis can be also used in safe rooms in banks and also in car parking

areas .

oThis can be used in security areas like military and also in own

apartments.

Result The project “Automatic Railway Gate control using magnetic

sensors” was designed such that the devices are controlled based on Microcontroller and Magnetic sensor used as inputs. These sensors are capable of sensing the field of magnetic sensor and operate the output devices like linear motor.

ON Condition OFF Condition

FUTURE SCOPE OF THIS PROJECT By using this project, we can save man power.

Here, there is no need of man. The circuit itself checks the presence of vehicle and automatically closes the gate by rising an alarm. Once we switch on the circuit, it automatically performs all these actions without man handling.

• It is the most advantage of this project. For this reason,in future, this project may be used in railways and also in apartments, military,etc.