Asking Questions Bridget Green Grammar MFWI 2007.
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Transcript of Asking Questions Bridget Green Grammar MFWI 2007.
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Asking Questions
Bridget Green Grammar MFWI 2007
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Asking QuestionsThere are two kinds of questions in English:
Yes/No questionsInformation questions
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Like this…Yes/No questions:
Are you happy?
Yes, I am.
Information questions:
Why are you happy?I’m happy because I love studying grammar.Yes/No questions
have a ‘rising’ intonation.
Information questions have a ‘falling’ intonation.
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How to Make Yes/No Questions
Statements: She is reading. We can talk. I haven’t eaten today.
What is the subject?
What is the verb?
There are two parts to the verb. What are they?
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Making yes/no questions withAUXILIARY VERBS
main verbauxiliary verb
She is reading.I have eaten
today. We can talk.
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Four Kinds of Auxiliaries
1. BE
2. HAVEThis is not the verb have.
This is the auxiliary have.
3. MODALSwill, can, may, must, should, would
(I have a dog.)
I have eaten.
main verb
auxiliary verb
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How to Make Yes/No Questions
She is reading.
Is she reading?
This is called an inversion!Inversion of the auxiliary and the subject
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Questions
We can talk.
Can we talk?
An inversion!
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Questions
I haven’t eaten today.
Haven’t you eaten today?
To learn more about inversion, look in your book An A-Z of English Grammar!
What is this called?!
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Auxiliary 2: HAVE
Remember: This is not the verb have.This is the auxiliary have.
I have a dog.I have eaten.
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Auxiliary 1: BEwith an adjective or a NPShe is funny. She is a doctor.Is she funny? Is she a doctorYes, she is. Yes, she is.
What’s the question?
with the past participle ( BE + V + ed).This car was made in Japan.Was this car made in Japan?Yes, it was.
with V+ing ( BE + V + ing).They are studying English.Are they studying English?Yes, they are.
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Auxiliary 2: HAVE
I have seen that movie.
Have you seen that movie?
They had finished the test by 1:30.
Had they finished the test by 1:30?
He has been living in Tokyo.
Has he been living in Tokyo?
with the past participle
What’s the question?
(HAVE + V + ed)
(HAD + V + ed)
(HAVE + been + V + ing)
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Auxiliary 3: Modalswith the verb (modal + V)I can swim.
Can you swim?
He would like a cup of coffee.
Would he like a cup of coffee?
We should study more.
Should we study more?
Modalswillcancouldmay + Vmightmustwouldshould
What’s the question?
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But…
My sister loves dogs.Loves my sister dogs?
WHERE IS THE AUXILIARY?
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
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When there’s no auxiliary…
Q: _______________?
A: Yes, she loves dogs. Q: Does your sister love dogs?
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Use do/does or did.
s
My sister loves dogs.
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I watched Marley and Me.
Q: ______________________?
A: Yes, I watched it! QuickTime™ and a
decompressorare needed to see this picture.
In the past….
Did you watch it
short answer:
Yes, I did.
ed
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The fourth auxiliary
1. BE 2. HAVE3. MODALS4. DO
inversion
Add do, does, or did + S V
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Be careful! Is HAVE a main verb or an auxiliary verb?
She has a sister.
She has been to Osaka.
If it’s a main verb, use do/does or did + S + V.
If it’s an auxiliary verb, use an inversion:
Main verbAuxiliary verb
Does she have a sister? Has she been to Osaka?
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Try again…I have a dog.
_____________________?Have you a dog?
I have eaten sushi._____________________?Do you have eaten sushi?
Main verb
Auxiliary verb
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Main verb or auxiliary verb?
If it’s a main verb: mainIf it’s an auxiliary verb: aux
1. We have a lot of homework.2. She has done her best.3. They have worked hard.4. I haven’t seen it.
What are the questions?
main
aux
aux
aux
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1. Do we have a lot of homework?
2. Has she done her best?
3. Have they worked hard?
4. Haven’t you seen it?
What are the questions?
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Can you remember?
How do you make yes or no questions in English?
Inversion of subject and auxiliary!
BE, HAVE, MODALS, or DO
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Do you like natto?
Positive Questions
Yes, I do.(= I like natto.)
No, I don’t.(= I don’t like natto.)
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Don’t you like natto?
Negative Questions
Yes, I do.(= I like natto.)
No, I don’t.(= I don’t like natto.)
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Do you like natto? Don’t you like natto?
Different questions, same answer.
Positive or Negative Questions in English…
Yes, I do.(= I like natto.)
No, I don’t.(= I don’t like natto.)
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Different questions, different answers.
Do you like natto? Don’t you like natto?
Positive or Negative Questionsin Japanese…
Hai.(= I like natto.)
Ie.(= I don’t like natto.)
Ie.(= I do like natto.)
Hai.(= I don’t like natto.)
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Different questions, same answers.
Do you like natto? Don’t you like natto?
Positive or Negative Questionsin English…
Yes.(= I like natto.)
No.(= I don’t like natto.)
Yes.(= I do like natto.)
No.(= I don’t like natto.)
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Do you like Commons food?
Practice
Yes.(= I like Commons food.)
No.(= I don’t like Commons food.)
Yummy!Yucky!
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Don’t you like Commons food?
Practice
Yes.(= I like Commons food.)
No.(= I don’t like Commons food.)
Yummy!Yucky!
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Aren’t you happy?
Negative Questions
Yes.(= I am happy.)
No.(= I am not happy.)
I’m sad!I’m happy!
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Haven’t you been to Disneyland?
Negative Questions
Never!Last year!
No.(=No, I’ve never been there.)
Yes.(= Yes, I have been there.)
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1. Don’t you like natto? ______ (It’s good.)
2. Haven’t you seen that movie? ______ (I haven’t.)
3. Wouldn’t you like to go? ______ (I would.)
4. Can’t he speak English? ______ (He speaks English well!)
5. Wasn’t she on the swim team? ______ (She swam for 3 years.)
Yes or No? Yes.No.
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You like natto, don’t you?
Tag Questions
Yes, I do. It’s good.
Yummy!
This is called a ‘tag question’.
It goes at the end of a sentence.
Answer just like any other question.
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You don’t like natto, do you?
Tag Questions
Yes, I do. It’s good.
Yummy!
‘Tag questions’ can also be negative.
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1. You like sushi, ___________? No, ____________
2. He has seen that movie, ___________? Yes, _______
3. You’d like to go ___________? No, ____________
4. They can speak French, ___________? Yes, _________
5. She was on the track team, ___________? No, _______
Practice Tag Questions
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1. They don’t like natto, ___________? No, ____________
2. We haven’t seen that movie, ___________? Yes, _______
3. He isn’t going to be late, _________? No, ___________
4. We can’t speak French, _________? Yes, _________
5. She wasn’t on the volleyball team, _______? No, ______
Tag Questions
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HOMEWORK?
Write one grammar card for yes/no questions.
Write one grammar card for negative, positive and tag questions.
Do the homework handout. Bring it to class next week.
Be careful! I will check your homework at the beginning of class. Have it ready!