Arid Communities and Techologies -- Role of Barefoot Geologists

ACT21 May 2009

Synthesizing Informal and Formal Science towards Water Resource Management

Case Studies from Kachchh

PRESENTATION BY

DR. YOGESH JADEJAArid Communities and Technologies

BHUJ - GUJARAT

ACT21 May 2009

INTRODUCTION

THIS PRESENTATION HIGHLIGHTS

Background

Experiences from Village Derived Understandings

Utilization of Derived understanding

Para Professionals (Bare Foot Workers) Capacity Building Programme

Status and Activities of Para Professionals in Kachchh

ACT21 May 2009

INTRODUCTION

THIS PRESENTATION HIGHLIGHTS

BackgroundLike Hakims and Vaids (Traditional doctors) every region has rural experts with specialization in water resources.

A combination of their informal science and knowledge of the region when combined with engineering and geological principles can create a strong people’s movement towards water self sustainability.

Capacity building of rural youth for planning, Development, and Management

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• Participatory research methodology– Development of Information sharing mechanism

• Common dictionary for local term and technical term• Knowledge Exchange

– Theoretical knowledge by technical person – Practical Knowledge by Rural Experts

• References of the other similar areas– Problem Identification

• Discussion about various aspects of resource in past and present• Chronology of events with respect to major intervention or phenomenon• Site observations and studies

– Verification of data and conclusion• Technical feasibility Studies • Experiments

• Participatory Planning• Based on experiments and feasibility studies planning process with

respective village-user groups by using various tools e.g. models, charts, games etc.

Experience With Rupa Kaka (A Rural Experts) in Khari Village

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• Methodology– Development of Common Terminology– Well Inventory and aquifer identification– Surface geological studies and mapping for

aquifer extension– Recharge experiment in Laterite for

demonstration of function of different engineering structures

– Planning

APPROACH Contd…

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Common Dictionary

Iron oxideKanyo

Calcareous shalePili Mulai

Carbonaceous shaleMarine deposited ShaleKali MulaiMulaiSaline Formations

China clay, ball clay, fire clayChina clayChinai Matti

BentoniteMung mattiMineral Deposits

LimestoneChunano Paththar

Crystalline limestonePakal Pano

Calcareous compact machine cut stoneGajiya

Siliceous fine grained compact sandstone, MillioliteDholi Padadhi

Ferruginous fine grained compact sandstoneSandstoneRati PadadhiPadadhi

Regular shaped stoneChhipar

Rubble of limestone, and sand stonesCalcareous fine grained compact sandstone

TodaKamraiRocks utilize as Building Material

Alluvium with coarse materialBarad

AlluviumKamp

Fault

DykeDanto

White and soft layer of lateriteDholi Davadi

Red layer of lateriteLateriteRati DavadiDavadi

Weathered basaltBasaltKalmindh

Calcareous and siliceous sandstoneDholo Sag

Ferruginous sand stoneRato Sag

Coarse grain sandstoneMota Dana Valosag

Fine grain sandstoneSand stoneZina Dana valo sagSag panAquifers

Sub TypeTypeSub TypeTypeUse Based Classification

Formal ScienceInformal Science

For effective communication

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• Aquifer Identification– Well inventory to

understand sub surface extension and other aquifer properties

– Surface geological mapping

• Surface extension of aquifer• Demarcation of Zones of

Salinity

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– Verification of data and conclusion and to frame strategies• Recharge experiment in laterite • Demonstration of techniques and structures

– Percolation tank– Gabbian Structure– Sub surface check dam

Recharge Experiment – Convince the People and Building Self Confidence

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HAMIRSAR LAKEHAMIRSAR LAKE

Strategies for Water Resource Development and Preparation of Action Plan – Aquifer Management

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Derived Understandings

Sandstone

Laterite

Weathered Basalt Alluvium

• Four Aquifers In the District - Sandstone, Laterite, Weathered Basalt and Alluviums

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Hills

Shallow Aquifer Systems

Rann EvaporiteDeposits

Inherent Salinity Due to Marine Deposited Rocks Sea Water Intrusion

Derived Understandings contd…

• Salinity Pattern –– Inherent Salinity due to Marine Deposits– Salinity Ingress from Sea

• Shallow Aquifers in coastal areas • In deep ground water

– Increasing Salinity due to Evaporation in Rann Areas influences Shallow Aquifers

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Simple Matrix for Resource Development Strategies

Waste WeirWWSubsurface Check damSCDSalinity Prevention

Silt Trap/Staggered TrenchSTp / STrPercolation TankPTSurface Storage

Farm BundFBGabbian StructureGSSoil Moisture Conservation

Storage TankSTCheck DamCDGroundwater Recharge

Key

FB &WWFB &WWSCDSCD

ST SmallST SmallFB & WWFB & WWFlat landsLower Catchment

GS &StpGS (U/S) & ST (D/S)

GS (U/S) & PT (D/S)

GS (U/S) & PT (M) SCD (D/S)

More or less even Plains

Middle-Lower Catchment

GS & StpST LargeSTp - STrGS(U/S) SD (M) SCD (D/S)

Undulating PlainsMiddle-Upper Catchment

ST LargeST LargeGSCDHills, Rocky uplands

Upper Catchment

SalineNon SalineSalineNon Saline

Impermeable stratumPermeable StratumGeomorphic Unit

Location

Water Harvesting TechniquesCatchment Description

Derived Understandings contd…

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Utilization of Derived Understandings contd…

Development of Training Programme for Para Professional

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General Training Programme Objective: To Develop ability to Conceptualization of Water Resource Planning Qualification: Writing and reading ability with littlework experience of water resource development assupervisor etc. / at least appeared in secondary school Inputs: Understanding Base • Understanding on Regional Geo-hydrology

o Perspectives o Problems

• Hydrological Cycle • Integrated Approach for Planning Skill Base • Mapping • Rock Identification • Map base calculation • Estimation of Runoff • Identification of Recharge / Runoff Potential

Areas Duration: 45 Days stretch over 3 months Divided in 7thematic modules

Advance Training

Objective: Technical Ability to Implement WaterResource Development Programme with technicalcompetence of designing, costing, site managementetc. along with community Qualification: Should have passed General trainingor Secondary / Higher secondary / Graduate in anysubject

Inputs:

Understanding Base • Use wise water resource development • Cost benefit analysis of respective structure • Impact assessment • Water Resource Management • Feasibility Analysis • Social and economic dimensions Skill Base • Designing, Surveys, and estimation of water

resource structures • Computer literacy • Appropriate site identification for particular

water harvesting structure • Site Management, Supervision • Water quality analysis


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CASE STUDY OF BLOCK LEVEL DRINKING WATER PLANINGApproach Developed By ACT- Sahjeevn with WASMO


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CASE STUDY OF BLOCK LEVEL DRINKING WATER PLANING


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Internship Training Programme Objective: To enhance capacity of para professionalto lead group of Para professionals, work independently on management guideline preparationsuch as drinking protection guideline, Participatory irrigation management through dam / well. Can be withdrawal strategy / technology or knowledge transfer for decentralized management Qualification: Should cleared Advance training, graduates from local (rural) area or Technicaleducation like engineering, diploma, surveyor etc. orwork experience as Para professional or leadership quality Inputs: Understanding Base • Use wise management aspects • Research objectives • Impact Monitoring • Social conflict / dimension • Institutionalization • Technologies (GIS software etc) • Decision support system Skill Base • Preparation guideline


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Drinking water protection Guideline-Village LAKHNIYA

Clayey part eroded and fluvial sand deposited.This river sand is confined aquifer.Check dam in upstream is supporting structure for recharging.

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Drinking water protection Guideline-Village DABAN

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Lakharaitalav

Saranvado talav

Miyani Dam

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Village Boundary

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Thickness of aquifer1 0-9.6m

2 0-6.9m3 No zone4 0-5.2m5 No zone


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Drinking water protection Guideline-Village KARAMATAVES no.

Thickness of

Sandstone1 0-12.4 m2 0-7 m3 No zone4 0-16.6 m5 0-14 m

Drinking water well is near ves no 1. Total depth of well is 9.6 m, where total thickness is 12.4 m.

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Status and Activities of Para Workers In Kachchh From 2005-2009

ACT has given General training to 119 Para Water Engineers and 48 Para Agriculturists along with Network Organization (KNNA) 27 Para Water Engineers have gone throughAdvance Training 4 Para workers are taking internship training

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Two Team of Para Workers have Emerged in two Areas

PARAB – In Abadasa Taluka and provides technical support to Three Organization and IndividualPanchayat / Pani Samiti through Block Level Decentralized Drinking Water Programme – “Pani Thiye Panjo” Pachchham Para Technician Associat (PPT-Association): Is a team of para water engineer, para agriculturist and para veterinary • Have just completed land and water management

as well as animal hunbandary action planning in 66villages of Pachchham Island - located in Great Rann.

• Currently working for advocacy part forimplementation of planned activities

• Also three Para professionals among them have started small enterprise for fodder management

ACT21 May 2009

[email protected]

www.act-inida.org

Arid Communities and Techologies -- Role of Barefoot Geologists

Technology

Transcript of Arid Communities and Techologies -- Role of Barefoot Geologists