AHSGE Chapter 6Civil War and Reconstruction

Decisive Battles of the Civil War• First Battle of Bull Run – Humiliating ____________for the North

and almost led to a Confederate ________________of Washington, D.C.

• Shiloh –_______________battle of Civil War. 20,000 total causalities. No clear______________.

• CHUNK #1Vicksburg Page 73 Vicksburg History Frame – Answer the following questions from the passage you have read.

Setting Where and When? -

Characters Who are the key players? –

Plot What happened? –

Outcome What were the results? –

• Antietam – Bloodiest _________day battle in the history of the United States. After this Union_______________, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation (document which _____________all slaves in the Confederate States while maintaining slavery in the ______________states loyal to the Union.

• Vicksburg –____________victory. Union now had complete control of the ____________________River.

• Gettysburg –____________day battle where the Union was victorious. Considered the _____________ _____________ of the war because the Confederacy no longer had the ability to launch an _________________into Union territory.

• Gettysburg Address- speech given by Lincoln at ______________of Union cemetery. He affirmed his belief in _______________and his desire to see the union_________________.

• Atlanta – Union General _______________burned Atlanta to the ground, destroying the ability of the Confederacy to _______________the war effort.

• Sherman’s March – Sherman marched 60,000 _____________from Chattanooga, TN through _______________to Savannah, GA destroying everything in a 60 mile-

wide___________. This act broke the _______________of the Confederates.

• Surrender at Appomattox – Courthouse where General Robert E. Lee ________________his Confederate troops to Union General Ulysses S. Grant _______________the Civil War.

Social and Political Changes during the Civil War

• Habeas Corpus –________________that a person could not be _______________without appearing in____________. President Lincoln declared ______________law in Maryland and suspended the right of habeas corpus after Confederate _____________attacked Union troops in_______________.

• Drafted – forced to ___________in the military. First time in ______________during the Civil War.

• Homestead Act – stated that anyone who would agree to _______________ (farm) 160 acres of land for _____________years would receive _____________to that land from the government. This Act accelerated the _______________of the West.

• Morrill Land Grant Act – Gave each state _____________of acres of land. Each state had to use this land to fund at least one public_______________.

• Emancipation Proclamation – see previous notes.

• 13th amendment – amendment added to the Constitution that _________________slavery.

• CHUNK #2Cost of War

Gist – Turn to page 76. Read Cost of War, and write two costs the North and South had as a result of the Civil War.

North

South

Cost of the War

• North• ________________rose due to the printing of money because the

cost of the war had grown to 1.3 ________________dollars. • Union was_____________.• Over 360,000 _______________soldiers died.

• South• Lost war so slave-based ________________abolished.• Over 258,000 _________________soldiers died.• _______________was devastated.

Life for Emancipated Blacks

• “Freedmen” – _________________(freed) slaves.

• Problems• Widespread ____________________(unable to read or write).

• Freed slaves had no _______________and owned no land.

• Few people could hire _______________and working for former masters was like__________________.

• Freedman’s Bureau – Established to aid _____________and whites by providing clothing, food and money to __________________schools, provide medical care and provide agents to find work for ________________slaves.

Different Plans for Reconstruction

• April 14, 1865 – President Lincoln ______________at Fords’ Theatre by John Wilkes_____________.

• Vice-President Andrew Jackson – new president for remainder of Lincoln’s term. Was ____________to white Southerners and wanted a mild form of ______________________that allowed whites to maintain their power and keep blacks out of office.

• Black Codes – Before Congress could___________, the state governments in the South passed a series of Black Codes. These codes made blacks _______________-class citizens.

• Examples:

• Blacks could not own______________.

• _____________together after sundown.

• Marry_______________.

Radical Reconstruction

• 14th Amendment – all persons born or _________________in United States are citizens (African Americans are now citizens of the U.S.)

• Reconstruction Act• All former ____________________states would be broken up into five

military_________________.

• Southern States would not be _________________until they ratified the ______Amendment.

• Black male citizens must be ___________the right to vote.

• Former Confederate ____________could not hold public__________.

A New Kind of Politics

• Hiram R. Revels – Black ____________from Mississippi who replaced Jefferson Davis in the Senate.

• 15th amendment – guaranteed voting rights to all citizens ______________of race, color, or previous condition of______________.

• CHUNK #3Carpetbaggers and Scalawags

Gist – Turn to page 82. Read Carpetbaggers and Scalawags, and write one statement on each in the space provided that gives the “gist” or summary of the selection.

Bitter Feeling in the South

• Carpetbaggers – people who came from the _____________to do business in the South.

• Scalawag – Southerners who ______________Reconstruction

• Ku Klux Klan – organization which used ______________and violence to intimidate blacks and other_______________.

Presidential Election of 1876

• Ulysses S. Grant was a strong military ____________but proved to be a very ______________political leader. His presidency was marked by________________.

Compromise of 1877

• In the __________of 1876, Samuel Tilden (D) and Rutherford B. Hayes (R) ran.

• Due to some ____________votes in three states, Congress appointed an _______________Commission to decide the election. Seven Democrats, seven Republicans and one______________.

• Independent left and was replaced by a__________________.

• Commission decided the ______________belonged to Hayes (R) and he was elected president.

• The Democrats were_____________.

• In order to keep the__________, Democrats said they would let Hayes win the presidency if the Republicans would ______Reconstruction.

• This compromise is known as the _______________of 1877.

• Jim Crow Laws – In the____________, states passed laws requiring blacks and whites to use ____________facilities in restaurants, hospitals, schools etc. These laws imposed literacy tests and poll taxes which prevented blacks from voting __________the 15th amendment.