ACLS Medications Refresher
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Transcript of ACLS Medications Refresher
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ACLS Medications
Roy Smith
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Oxygen
Uses Increase supply of oxygen HYPOXIC EVENT
DoseAirway / BVM NR
Simple mask Cannula
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Nitroglycerine
Uses Vasodilatation AMI, CP, CHF
Dose Metered dose 0.4 mg SL 5 mcg/min increase every 5-10 min until desired
clinical response
Relative contraindications Viagra within 24 hrs Rt Ventricular Infarctions
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Morphine
Uses Decreases myocardial oxygen consumption
AMI,CHF
Dose 2-10 mg IVP
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Naloxone
Mechanism of action Competitive opioid antagonist
Uses Opioid antagonism
MS OD
Dose 0.4 2.0 mg
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Aspirin
Uses Stops platelet aggregation, Asprin blocks
secretion of thromboxane A2 from the
platelets, there by inhibiting plateletagregation.
Dose 162 - 325 mg oral
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Medications to manage cardiacdysrhythmias
Adenosine Amidarone Atropine Betablockers
Atenolol Esmolol Labetalol Metoprolol propranolol
Calcium channel blockers Verapamil Diltiazem
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Medications to manage cardiacdysrhythmias cont.
Lidocaine Magnesium Procainamide sotalol
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Adenosine
Mechanism of action Found naturally in all body cells
Slows sinus rate, slows conduction through
the AV Node.
Uses SVT, PERSISTENT PSVT
Dose 6,12,12 mg RIVP
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Amiodarone
Mechanism of action BLOCKS- sodium, potassium, sympathetic,
and calcium channels
Uses VT VF WCT
Dose 300 mg VT with pulse
150 mg x 2
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Atropine
Mechanism of action Parasympatholytic
Uses bradycardias
Dose
0.5 1.0 mg 0.04 mg/kg max dose
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Beta BlockersLopressor
Mechanism of action Blocks beta receptors decreasing contractileforce of the heart.
Uses Reduces BP, Reduces incidence ofdysrrythmias, Reduces risk of sudden death.
Dose 2.5-5 mg q 2-5 min up to 15 mg
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Calcium Channel BlockersCardizem
Mechanism of action Blocks calcium channels reducing contractile forse and
conduction through AV node
Uses Atrial tachycardias
A-fib, a-flutter
Dose Cardizem
0.25 g/kg
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Digoxin
Mechanism of action Suppresses SA node, prolongs AV conduction,positive inotrope, incr peripheral resistance viainhibition of Na/K-ATPase making more Ca
available to actin & myosin Uses
Reduces conduction through the AV node.
Dose 0.4-0.6 mg IV x1
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Epinepherine
Mechanism of action Stimulates both alpha and beta receptors, increaseschronotropic, iontropic effects. Increased contraction,rate, and vascular resistance.
Uses Pulseless cardiac arrest
Pea, asystole, vfib, vtach Dose
1 mg IVP 3-5 min
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Lidocaine
Mechanism of action Blocks sodium channels, decreasing myocardialcontraction
Uses Raises VF threshold
antiarrythmic
Dose 1-1.5 mg/kg IVP
3 mg/kg max
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Magnesium Sulfate
Mechanism of action Smooth muscle relaxant, reduces calcium
action in action potential.
Uses Torsades
Dose 1-2 G over 1-2 minutes
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Procainamide
Mechanism of action Decreases conduction velocity in the atria, ventricles,and His- Purkinje system, significant portionmetabolized by acetylprocainamide having significant
antiarrythmic activity.
Uses Stable SVT, A-Fib, A-Flutter, WPW, WCT, VT,VF
Dose 20-30 mg/min
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Medications used to improvecardiac output and blood pressure
Dopamine Norepinepherine Dobutamine
Vasopressin Calcium chloride Sodium nitroprusside
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Dopamine
Mechanism of action Immediate precursor of norepinephrine in thebody.
Uses Cardiogenic shock
Dose
2-20 mcg/kg/min
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Norepinepherine
Mechanism of action Perpherial vasoconstrictor, coronary arterydilator.
Uses Cardiogenic shock
Dose
8-12 mcg/min
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Dobutamine
Mechanism of action Stimulate alpha1, beta 1, and beta2, positiveinotrope.
Uses Cardiogenic shock due to chf, pulmonary
congestion.
Dose 2-20 mcg/kg/min
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Vasopressin
Mechanism of action Antidiuretic hormone Binds to specific receptors vasporessin receptors, V1(V1a,
V1b),V2
Vasopressin exerts a greater vasoconstrictive effect than api,causes a greater artery tonevasopressin does not increasemyocardium oxygen consumption, or excessive lactateproduction.
Uses Alternative to EPI in VT/VF
Dose 40 units 1 time.
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Calcium chloride
Mechanism of action Provides more calcium ion for an increase incontractile force.
Uses Hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, calcium channel
blocker toxicity, magnesium toxicity, beta-
blocker toxicity
500-1000 mg IV over 5-10 minutes
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Sodium Bicarbonate
Mechanism of action Increases plasma bicarbonate, buffershydrogen.
Uses Hyperkalemia, acidosis, tricyclic,
antidepressant OD, hypercarbic lactic acidosis.
Dose 1 meq/kg
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Furosemide
Mechanism of action Inhibits reabsorption of sodium in the loop ofhenly,
Uses Loop diuretic
Dose 1 mg/kg 80 max