6th Grade-River System- Also Lakes and Ponds

8/11/2019 6th Grade-River System- Also Lakes and Ponds

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How does fresh water flow on Earth?

Objective- SWBAT: Describe the parts and

understand the composition of a river

system



“Where’s Water?” -Surface Water

Rivers, Lakes, and Ponds



River Systems

The streams and smaller rivers that feed into

a main river are called tributaries

Tributaries flow downward toward the main

river, pulled by the force of gravity

A river and all its tributaries together make

up a river system



River Features

Headwaters

Tributaries

Flood plain

Oxbow lake

Meander

Mouth Delta

Estuary



River Features The many small streams that come together

at the source (beginning) of a river arecalled its headwaters

The steep slope of the land causes the river

to flow quickly



Headwater



River Features Meanders-looping curves in a river

Meanders can curve back on themselves.

The river may then cut a new, straight

course, eventually leaving an oxbow lake



Horseshoe

Bend

of the Colorado River



Ox Bow lake on Mississippi



River Features

The broad, flat valley through which a river

flows is its flood plain



River Features The mouth of a river is where the river

flows into another body of water

A delta is created when the river slows

down and deposits the sediment it was

carrying



Delta Formation

DEPOSITON OF MATERIAL BY THE RIVER

WHEN IT ENTERS THE SEA



Mississippi Delta from Space

MISSISSIPPI

t



aters e s The land area that supplies water to a river

system is called a watershed

Watersheds are sometimes known as

drainage basins

Montclair is in the Hackensack-Passaic

Watershed



Divides

A ridge of land that separates one watershed

from another is called a divide

Mountains are an example of a divide



Divides



Estuaries

An estuary is a

coastal inlet or

bay where freshwater from rivers

mix with salty

ocean water



What are a few features of a River system?

Objective- SWBAT: Understand the

composition of ponds and lakes



Surface Water Part II:

Ponds and Lakes



Ponds

Ponds are

freshwater

Ponds are shallow

Ponds form when

water collects in

low-lying areas of

land

Plants grow at the

bottom of ponds



Lakes

Lakes arefreshwater

Lakes are deep

Lakes form when

water collects in

low-lying areas of

land Plants do not grow

at the bottom of

deep lakes

Lake Baikal, Russia



Lake Formation

Lakes can be formed by natural processes orhuman efforts:

1. Volcanic lakes 2. Glacier- made lakes

3. Human- made lakes

A lake that stores water for human useis called a reservoir



Volcanic Lake



Glacier-Made Lakes



Human-Made Lakes



Lakes Can Change

Seasonal changes- watertemperature at different depths

changes during the year

Lake turnover-nutrients mix

Nutrients-substances such asnitrogen and phosphorus that

plants and algae grow



Lakes Can Change

Long-term changes

Eutrophication-Algae and scum

forms on the surface of the waterbecomes so thick that it blocks out

sunlight and plants cannot carry out

photosynthesisDeath of a body of fresh water



Eutrophication



Ponds and Lakes

SAME

Freshwater

Still, standing water Form when water

collects in hollows and

low-lying areas of land

DIFFERENT

Lakes are deeper

Plants don’t grow atthe bottom of deep

lakes

Sunlight cannot reach

the bottom of a deep

lake and

photosynthesis cannot

occur



Crater Lake and Lake Nyos Links

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crater_lake

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/sto

ries/august/21/newsid_3380000/3380803.stm


http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/21/newsid_3380000/3380803.stm







6th Grade-River System- Also Lakes and Ponds

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