Make your aquariuma success

The right aquarium Page 4

The right plants Page 6

The right fish Page 8

Tropica ABC: This is how you start Page 10

Layout inspiration Page 14

Product categories Page 18

Plants from A to Z Page 20

Product overview Page 65

Appendix (planting) Page 66

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TROPICA’S GUIDE WILL HELP YOU MAKE THE RIGHT CHOICE IN 3 STEPS. THE INFORMATION IS FAR FROM EXHAUSTIVE, SO FOR MORE DETAILS,

PLEASE GO TO TROPICA.COM. YOU WILL HAVE A MUCH BETTER CHANCE TO MAKE YOUR AQUARIUM A SUCCESS IF YOU SPEND SOME TIME

STUDYING THE 3 STEPS IN THIS GUIDE:

1: The right aquarium. Large or small? Who will take care

of it and what has to be done every week? Are there any

equipment requirements for the aquarium to work? There are

many questions! Regardless of whether you are buying a new

aquarium or you already have one, it is very important to know

what your aquarium can offer your plants and fish.

2: The right plants. The choice of plants depends on the

amount of light in your aquarium in relation to its volume and

on whether you intend to give your plants CO2 and fertiliser.

To help you, Tropica has developed a brand new concept

with a symbol for each plant so that you can easily choose

the right plants for your aquarium. The symbols and their

meanings are detailed on page 7. We give example layouts

for aquariums with plants and here the only limit will be your

imagination! You can also see the videos and instructions at

tropica.com.

3: The right fish. There are many fish to choose from and

we cannot feasibly cover all of them in this guide. We have

created categories with the most general species based on

their characteristics and we offer you examples to help you to

choose what is right for your particular aquarium. Common

to all planted aquariums is that we always recommend algae-

eating fish, shrimps and snails.

Make your dreams come true in 3 steps

4

Aquarium choice is first and foremost a matter of taste. What

will it look like and where will it be situated in your living space?

Next, you have to decide who is to take care of the aquarium

and how much time will be spent on it every week. Also, when

it comes to aquariums and equipment, you get what you pay

for. Cheap starter layouts include limited equipment whereas the

more expensive aquariums have better finish and better light.

Regardless of your decision, both solutions can work provided

that your plant and fish choice are appropriate.

Light is the most important energy source for plants. It is impor-

tant to ensure that the light source is spread evenly over the

surface of the aquarium so that the light can reach the plants

1: The right aquariumHERE YOU WILL FIND A DESCRIPTION OF THE MOST IMPORTANT CONDITIONS YOU HAVE TO BE FAMILIAR WITH BEFORE CHOOSING AN AQUARIUM.

in all corners. The light is always strongest in the middle of the

aquarium and less intensive in the corners. If you do not already

have reflectors behind the light source, it is a good idea to install

them. They will reflect the light sending it down to the aquarium

thus maximising the effect of your light source.

In general, we recommend T5 fluorescent lamps for planted

aquariums. Light that is close in spectrum to daylight is best

utilised by plants and provides accurate colour rendition. They

can also grow very well with LED lighting. As far as operation

is concerned, the LED option is cheapest to run and does not

generate heat like other light sources. Its initial price is quite high

and only a few types ensure optimal plant growth.

Apply fertiliser after 3-4 weeks when the plants have taken

hold. CO2 is supplied from the beginning in order to speed up

the growth of the plants and to enhance their colour. There are

many options to choose from when it comes to both fertilisers

and CO2 supply, but we recommend our own series ”Plant

Care” (information available at tropica.com).

An aquarium often needs heating. Most fish and plants require

the water temperature to be 22-25 degrees whereas special fish

such as Discus need 28-30 degrees. Remember to consult with

your dealer. The simplest solution is an internal heater. Some

external filter models have a built-in heating element.

The function of the filter is to circulate the aquarium water, to

clean the aquarium from particles that can make the water ap-

pear cloudy and to biologically purify the aquarium water via the

nitrogen cycle.

TIP: Please note that it is more difficult to achieve

stability when you have a small aquarium of 30 litres

compared to a larger aquarium of 100-200 litres.!

5

A specialist takes care of his/her aquariums every day.

The community aquarium is an adventure for the whole family. The playroom – a standard starter layout can work nicely here.

6

2: The right plants

The concept in detail

To make your aquarium a success you need to choose

the right plants. Many discover that their plants do not do well

after planting. This is primarily due to purchasing a plant from

Medium or Advanced category, however, the aquarium does

not offer enough light or CO2 that can help these plants grow!

When a plant dies, it breaks down and a large amount of nutri-

ents are released into the water. Nutrients from dead or dying

plants accumulate in the aquarium and cause algae to grow,

creating major problems in your aquarium. People often give up

and lose their interest in this hobby! We would like to fix this!

Tropica would like to take co-responsibility for helping you to

make your aquarium a success. Follow the directions for

choosing plants on the opposite page. Then you will be on the

right path…

WE HAVE MADE IT EASIER FOR YOU TO BECOME AN AQUARIST! WITH TROPICA’S UNIQUE SYMBOLS – EASY, MEDIUM AND ADVANCED – YOU CAN BE CERTAIN THAT YOU CHOOSE THE RIGHT PLANTS SUITABLE FOR YOUR AQUARIUM IN PARTICULAR!

Examples:

1. The lighting levels supplied in many aquarium kits are often

relatively low. A 96-litre aquarium can be equipped with a fluore-

scent T8 18W lamp, so you should stock plants from the Easy

category.

2. A nano aquarium of 30 litres is equipped with an 18W Power

Compact lamp with good reflector. If you choose a CO2 solution

from Tropica’s Plant Care program, you can choose plants from

the Easy and Medium categories.

3. If you are up for a greater challenge, you will find excellent

quality aquariums in various sizes. Make sure that the light gives

at least 1 Watt per litre and that there is continuous CO2 supply.

If you follow these instructions, you can choose freely amongst

Easy, Medium and Advanced plants.

TIP: Remember

that the strongest light

is in the middle of the

aquarium. Therefore you

should place the most light-

demanding plants in the

middle of the aquarium!

!

7

The easy plants

• These plants can thrive and grow well in low-light aquariums.

• CO2 supply is recommended because the CO2 supply,

despite the low light, ensures the growth of the plants.

• The time expenditure per week is less than ½ hour

because the plants grow slowly.

• Bottom substrate at the beginning and liquid fertiliser for

weekly use.

Plants that require a little extra

• The plants require at least ½ watt per litre to thrive.

• CO2 supply is recommended to help plants grow with good

colour and density.

• Weekly maintenance times of ½-1 hour will be required de-

pending on the growth and development of the plants.

• Bottom substrate and liquid fertilisers are required. Special

fertiliser is recommended.

+ CO2+ extra light

The most demanding plants

• The plants require 1 Watt per litre or more to thrive fully.

• Continuous CO2 supply of 15-25 mg per litre is required.

• Maintenance time is 1-2 hours a week. The plant growth

can pose challenges.

• Bottom substrate and liquid fertiliser, including special

fertiliser, are required.

+ ekstra CO2+ high lighting

levels

8

3: The right fish

Shoaling fish

ASK YOUR DEALER ABOUT WHAT WILL BE SUITABLE FOR YOU AND YOUR AQUARIUM. IN THE MEANTIME WE WILL GIVE YOU SOME GOOD TIPS.

Livebearing fish

Digging and

plant-eating fish

Territorial fish

The right balance between plants and fish in the aquarium are

important for ensuring a healthy environment, which promotes

natural fish behaviour. Most fish feel safest if they can hide

quickly and easily. People often prefer attractive colours and

want to look at their fish in a densely planted aquarium.

In general, you should follow the advices below:

• 1 cm fish per litre of aquarium water! This way you minimise

the algae growth!

• Always use algae-eating shrimps, snails or fish from the start.

Shoaling fish such as tetras, rasboras and barbs, seek refuge

in large groups known as shoals. Dense plants will give safety

to the relatively few individuals (however, no less than 8-10 fish)

you have room for. Plants with delicate leaves are often used for

laying eggs and therefore offer exciting breeding potential.

Livebearing fish, such as the guppy and platy are mostly

peaceful and brightly coloured. The female give birth to their

young, which use dense plants – especially close to the surface

– as a hiding place because the young get eaten. Some males

fight over the females and the ones that lose also hide in the

vegetation. Most livebearing fish eat algae and can potentially

damage soft plants and moss.

Digging and herbivorous fish including goldfish and some

cichlids, and most algae-eating fish, eat moss as well. With

plant-eating fish you can choose thick, tough leaves (such as

Anubias) or plants with strong flavour (such as Bacopa). Digging

fish tend to get frightened by strong roots which must be mature

before the fish are introduced! You can also cover the roots with

stones or wood, which should keep the fish away.

Territorial fish want to have their own space – either all the

time or only when they are young. Cichlids belong to this group.

You can observe very exciting behaviour patterns when several

pairs are put together in a planted aquarium so that the fish can

establish their territory.

TIP: We can recommend Tropica’s Aquadecor

range, which includes robust plants with their roots

firmly fixed onto a tree root or a lava rock. !

9

Community fish are fish that can share the aquarium with

many other kinds of fish. Community fish comprise primarily of

livebearers and shoaling fish, but if you rearrange the aquarium

afterwards, it will be able to accommodate even more kinds

of fish. Cichlids thrive if there are holes and hiding places, and

gouramis and angelfish seek security amongst plants.

One out of many examples of fish that need higher tempera-

tures are Discus. People often refrain from plants in Discus

aquariums in order to facilitate the cleaning of the aquarium

and the changing of water. If you want plants for your Discus,

however, choose plants that grow naturally in places with high

temperature. Cryptocoryne, Microsorum and Echinodorus are

recommended.

Algae-eaters, shrimps and snails are very popular,

especially in the smaller nano aquariums. Shrimps in particular

do well with mosses. Many shrimp types are delicate, which

is why Tropica has developed a plant series called 1-2-Grow!

The plants are cultivated in a lab and are free from algae and

pesticides. Shrimps are very good at keeping delicate-leaved

plants such as Hemianthus, Marselia and Glossostigma free

from algae whereas snails are perfect for large leaves, windows,

stones and roots.

10

Tropica ABC: This is how you startFROM START TO CARE AND MAINTENANCE

Planning your aquarium is a prerequisite for achieving good

results. Gain inspiration at your local dealer or at tropica.com

before making your final choice. Spend the necessary time on

planning – and by all means on drawing – the layout with the

location of both decoration materials and plants.

Hardscape is an aquarium layout with gravel, rocks, tree roots

and other decorations – but no plants. Creating a hardscape is

entirely up to your imagination. Some find it extremely interesting,

others do not like it so much. You can compare this activity to

standing before an easel and working with the paint brush. Most

of us try to do their best, whereas diligent artists understand

the colour setting, depth and perspective. Many competitions

are arranged around the world to determine the aquascaper

who can create the most impressive aquarium design. We can

recommend that you start with hardscapes, no matter whether

you have the talent of an artist or not…!

1. Find the appropriate pieces of wood, rocks, stones and other

decorative elements you want to use in your hardscape. If you

choose heavy stones, we can recommend adding polystyrene

at the bottom in order to protect the glass.

2. Add about 1 cm substrate in the places where plants with

strong roots will be planted. We recommend Tropica’s Plant

Growth Substrate.

TIP! You can find many hardscape examples

in step-by-step guides at tropica.com

3. The bottom layer, which often consists of gravel, is carefully

distributed and it can slope upwards towards the rear wall of the

aquarium. This way you achieve depth and perspective in your

aquarium.

4. Finally, place the rocks, tree roots and any other decoration

you like. Move around individual components and change their

places, if necessary. It is now that you create room and per-

spective so that the aquarium layout design is just right for you.

!

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Day 1. The aquarium is planted and filled with water. Start with 6 hours of light a day.

Day 20. The plants have taken hold – but the aquarium is not balanced yet. Beware of possible algae growth.

Day 90. The desired result - good plant growth, great colour and transparent water - is achieved.

The easiest way to plant in the aquarium is at a water

level of just a few centimetres from the bottom. Many aquarists

traditionally plant their plants when the aquarium is full, but this

way it can be difficult to orient yourself in the water and to plant

properly in the gravel.

Carefully pour the water down a saucer when refilling in order to

avoid stirring up the bottom until the water level is approx. 2 cm

above the gravel. Have a spray-mister ready in order to keep the

plants damp while you are working. The plants can easily get by

when they are kept wet! See the Appendix on page 66-67 for

more information on handling specific plant types such as stem

and rhizome plants.

When introducing a new aquarium, the first 90 days are

critical. To put it simply, the aquarium and the aquatic environ-

ment must be in balance with regards plant growth, fish popula-

tion and filtration. The plants have to adapt to the new conditions

at a time where algae can thrive.

We advise you to follow the steps below:

1. Set the lighting time to 6 hours a day in the first 2-3 weeks.

Then you can increase to 8-10 hours a day.

2. It is a good idea to provide CO2 from day 1.

3. Change the water 25-50% a couple of times a week in the

first 3-4 weeks. After that, change approx. 25% of the water

once a week.

4. No fertiliser or a limited amount of fertiliser during the first 3-4

weeks. The plants contain plenty of nutrients already from the

nursery, which is sufficient to establish a root network.

5. Fast-growing plants such as Egeria and Limnophila, can

be planted permanently or removed at a later date once the

aquarium is balanced. Fast-growing plants absorb the excess

nutrients and therefore minimise the growth of algae.

6. Introduce algae-eating snails and shrimps as soon as pos-

sible after start-up.

7. We recommend that the introduction of fish is delayed for 3-4

weeks until the plants have established. In other respects, follow

the fish stocking guidelines for new aquariums.

8. Check the equipment – does the plug-in-timer operate the

lighting effectively, is the CO2 supply sufficient, is the filter run-

ning, is the temperature OK?

TIP! Download App with Tropica’s 90-day start-up

guide at tropica.com.!

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MaintenanceOnce you get going and the aquarium is developing properly,

you have to start with more general maintenance:

1. Changing approx. 25% of the water every week prevents

the accumulation of hazardous substances in the aquarium and

limits the algae growth.

2. Waste products in the form of dead plant matter etc. should

be removed as soon as possible. Their breakdown uses oxygen

and produces nutrients that destroys the balance and promotes

algae growth.

3. Check the aquarium equipment regularly in order to make

sure that any faults and defects will be rectified and that a stable

environment will be maintained.

4. The plant growth is now in full swing and a liquid fertiliser has

to be added. Start carefully and with a dose smaller than the rec-

ommended. Increase the dose gradually according to the plants’

reaction to the fertiliser. A good rule of thumb is that leaves or

plants become lighter/transparent when they lack fertiliser.

5. Check for algae on a regular basis. The first sign is unclear

water, accumulations on the glass, leaves or decorative materi-

als, or possibly fine threads. If the algae become visible, it will

be much more difficult to suppress them! Algae are reduced by

changing the water, reducing the amount of fertiliser, introducing

more fast-growing plants and algae-eaters. You can find more

information at tropica.com.

TIP: Overfeeding your fish is the most common

cause of algae problems. Follow your dealer’s

instructions.!

1. 2.

3. 4.

5. 6.

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TrimmingThe growth rate of the plants is very different and so is their

trimming. Extensive trimming can disturb the balance in the

aquarium, which is why little and often trimming is preferable.

This way the aquarium will look presentable all the time.

Trim stem plants (1) by regularly clipping the longest shoots

leaving one of the bottom leaves and cutting the rest, then re-

plant the shoots in the group. New shoots will emerge from the

trimmed stem.

The bottom layer and moss (2) are trimmed like a lawn,

in backward direction, in order to achieve fast new growth.

Echinodorus, bulbs and tubers (3) are trimmed by

removing the outer leaves of the rosette and/or leaves that cast

shadows over the surface.

For Cryptocoryne (4), remove the yellow or damaged leaves.

When the group becomes too dense, remove whole plants.

Stolons (5) are trimmed if they invade the surrounding plants.

The oldest plants can be replaced with stolons from time to time.

Rhizome plants (6) are slow-growing plants. The rhizome

stem itself is trimmed between a bunch of leaves when the plant

becomes too big. New shoots will form from the leaf base.

TIP! You can find many examples of how to

trim your aquarium in step-by-step guides at

tropica.com!

14

A. Taxiphyllum barbieri (x2)

B. Cryptocoryne wendtii ‘Tropica’ (x2)

C. Staurogyne repens (x2)

D. Echinodorus ‘Reni’ (x1)

E. Echinodorus bleheri (x1)

F. Vallisneria nana (x1)

G. Anubias barteri var. nana (x2)

Layout inspirationLET YOUR AQUARIUM DREAM COME TRUE. HERE WE OFFER YOUR FOUR INSPIRATIONAL LAYOUTS TO HELP INSPIRE YOU.

Scan the QR code with your smart-phone or click on the play

icon (when you are online) to view a step-by-step guide from

start-up to the final result.

Each layout is presented with a brief description (more details

are available at tropica.com), a list of plants and the associated

layout drawing. The symbols on each aquarium refer to the

description on page 7 and specify the plants we recommend in

relation to how much light the aquarium offers - how much light

does your aquarium offer?

LAYOUT 43 BY TONY SWINNEY (30L)Cubens 30 x 30 cm is perfect for a simple hardscape with only

one root placed in the middle of the aquarium. The root will look

more natural over time because it will be covered with moss.

The shape of the root is suitable for Anubias. Cryptocoryne

wendtii ‘Tropica’ and Echinodorus ‘Reni’ contribute to the red

shades of the root which emphasise the fresh green Staurogyne

in the foreground.

TIP: The symbols Easy, Medium and Advanced indicate the plant selection we recommend for your specific aquarium.

!

15

A. Alternanthera reineckii ’Purple’ (x1)

B. Aponogeton crispus ’Red’ (x2)

C. Echinodorus tenellus (x6)

D. Hemianthus callitrichoides ’Cuba’ (x8)

E. Hemianthus micranthemoides (x1)

F. Ludwigia arcuata (x2)

G. Pogostemon helferi (x2)

H. Rotala rotundifolia (x1)

I. Pogostemon stellata (x2)

J. Vesicularia ferriei ‘Weeping’ (x2)

LAYOUT 44 BY MARK EVANS (200L)Mark has designed a dramatic rock landscape where the eye

is caught in the light green, luxuriant foreground and guided to-

wards the centre of the aquarium. Here we meet an abundance

of colours and shapes. Dark green moss and a dense tenellus

forest frame the V-shaped edge. The colourful stem plants are

challenging but if you succeed, they will be a nice contrast to

the peaceful green foreground.

16

A. Anubias sp. ‘Petite’ (x4)

B. Bolbitis heudelotii (x2)

C. Cryptocoryne wendtii ’Green’ (x3)

D. Cryptocoryne willisii (x3)

E. Echinodorus quadricostatus (x5)

F. Eleocharis parvula (x10)

G. Hydrocotyle tripartita (x3)

H. Ludwigia repens ‘Rubin’ (x3)

I. Microsorum pteropus ‘Narrow’ (x2)

J. Monosoleum tenerrum (x1)

K. Myriophyllum mattogrossense (x4)

L. Nymphaea lotus (x2)

M. Vesicularia ferriei ‘Weeping moss’ (x5)

LAYOUT 45 BY EDUARD GERCOG (180L)A natural layout with a focus on different shapes and colours.

Even though the aquarium is full of colours, the plants used are

relatively easy to care for. The aquarium is maintenance-friendly

and will reach balance fast owing to many plants and a good

composition of fast-growing plants at the back and front, and

stable, easy plants in the middle of the aquarium.

17

A. Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia (YLX, x3)

B. Echinodorus osiris (x3)

C. Echinodorus quadricostatus (x3)

D. Echinodorus tenellus (x5)

E. Microsorum pteropus (YLS, x2)

F. Cryptocoryne becketii ’Petchii’ (YLS, x5)

G. Microsorum pteropus ‘Windeløv’ (ZWS, x2)

H. Pogostemon helferi (YLS, x5)

LAYOUT 46 BY DAN CRAWFORD (200L)The plants from the Easy category are not only for starter

aquariums – they are also used in large, luxuriant and lavish

aquariums with minimum maintenance. Most plants have to be

trimmed a few times a year and the aquarium will look luxuriant

and healthy for a long time when you supply liquid fertilisers and

CO2. It requires less than ½ hour of maintenance a week!

18

Our world of beautiful aquarium plants:

AquaDecor are products

where the plants grow on tree

roots or lava stones. The

products are very lifelike from

the beginning and create

depth as soon as they are

introduced in the aquarium.

Often they can be used for fish that

eat or dig up the plants such as goldfish and cichlids.

Code W (wood) - M (mini) are 7-10 cm, S (small) are 12-

25 cm and X (large) are 30-40 cm. Code L (lava stone) –

S (small) are 7-15 cm and X (large) are 20-30 cm, Code

Z – suction disc at one end of the root.

EACH PRODUCT FROM TROPICA HAS BEEN TESTED AND ADAPTED SO THAT WE GIVE EACH PLANT THE BEST POSSIBLE START WHEN IT LEAVES THE NURSERY. OUR PRODUCT RANGE IS WIDE AND CAN COVER ALL YOUR NEEDS IN A PLANT AQUARIUM. BELOW IS AN OVERVIEW OF THE GROUPS OF PLANTS WE OFFER:

Pots are brimming with plants

and have lots of mass and

healthy, well-developed roots.

Most pots can be divided

into several portions

or individual

plants which

are planted separately.

Code: POT

Tuberous plants are Nymphaea or

Aponogeton. Each tuber with an incipient

shoot. The plants grow fast after being

planted and become relatively big. A

sticker with the level of difficulty and infor-

mation about the plant is included

with each tuber. Code: KN

19

Bunches are groups of young plants or stems brought

together with the help of a small anchor. They have a few or

no roots. Roots are formed very soon after planting. They

are relatively easy, fast-growing plants which are excellent

for the start-up phase.

Code: BDT

Floating plants are sold in portions in a sealed

plastic container. The plants give the aquarium

another dimension thanks to their hanging roots

and their fast growth limits the growth of algae.

Ideal as plants that indicate the fertiliser level in

the aquarium and perfect as a hiding place for

young fish.

Code: POR

Moss is sold in portions in sealed plas-

tic containers. There is a big difference

between mosses, but all of them make

the aquarium more luxuriant and give it

greater depth. Can be tied to stones or

tree roots where they will form hanging

gardens. Perfect for laying eggs for dif-

ferent fish.

Code: POR

NEW! 1-2-Grow! Consists of small plants straight from

the lab in sealed containers. The plants are free from snails,

algae and pesticides. Nutrient-jelly remnants are rinsed

thoroughly before planting and the small plants have to be

fertilised from the very beginning. Recommended for nano

aquariums and tanks with shrimps.

Code: TC

XL pots are extra large

plants which are more robust

and give immediate luxuri-

ance. Can be used together

with AquaDecor products in

Cichlid aquariums.

Code XL

20

Hemianthus callitrichoides ’Cuba’

Plants from A-ZTO HELP YOU GET STARTED WITH THE PLANTS, WE WOULD LIKE TO BRIEFLY SHOW YOU HOW TO READ OUR PLANT DATA.

Each product sheet contains information about the plant, its

requirements as far as physical and water chemistry are con-

cerned, as well as tips on how to handle the plant when you

introduce it to the aquarium and daily care. In short, all the infor-

mation you must use to make your aquarium a success.

All products are supplied with information about their degree of

difficulty and plant data on a sticker or on the package.

At tropica.com you will find more facts about plants, in-depth

information about lighting intervals and growth rate, as well as

general descriptions of the importance of pH, temperature and

water chemistry. Furthermore, there are also layout pictures and

references on how plants are used in layouts.

The plants are presented in alphabetic order by name and on

page 65 you can see the variants we offer in the respective

product groups.

An Easy, Medium or Advanced symbol indicates the level of dif-ficulty of the plant and its requirements concerning light, CO2 and fertiliser, as well as care requirements – see page 7.

The Latin name of the plant.

The layout pictures of the plant in the aquarium once it has adapted to the conditions in the aquarium.

A description of the plant, including origin, type (stem, rosette…), height and width in the aquarium, features, use in the aquarium, as well as specific care requirements.

Hand-painted watercolour that shows the form and colour of the plant in the aquarium.

Pictures of the product as received from Tropica.

Size of root or lava stone.

Tropica’s order number.

The price group of the product.

The bar code of the product.

Hemianthus callitrichoides is one of the smallest aquarium

plants in the world, and creeps over the bottom with

millimetre-sized round leaves. If planted in small clumps a

few centimetres apart, it will spread rapidly and cover the

bottom like a carpet. Hemianthus callitrichoides is an

attractive foreground plant for small aquariums. Found on

Cuba west of Havana.

LAVA ROCK 7-15 CM

048B YLS PG10048B POT PG7 048B TC PG7

21

Alternanthera reineckii ’Pink’ (roseafolia)

Alternanthera reineckii ’Mini’

Alternanthera reineckii ’Purple’ (lilacina)

The purple colour underneath leaves of Alternanthera

reineckii ‘Pink’ from South America provides an effective

contrast to the many green plants in an aquarium - par-

ticularly when planted in groups. Stems becomes 25-50

cm tall. Good light encourages the leaves to turn red. Easy

to propagate by nipping off the terminal bud and planting

it in the substrate. This also makes the mother plant more

bushy, because more side shoots are formed.

This miniture version of the well-known Alternanthera is

characterized by compact growth and a slower growth rate.

It is particularly suitable for small aquariums or as a fore-

ground plant in larger aquascapes. By careful trimming can

you create a dense, red-violet carpet approximately 5 to 10

cm high. High light intensity and addition of CO2 improves

the plants growth and overall apperance.

Alternanthera reineckii ‘Purple’ from South America needs

plenty of light to grow and form dark-red leaves. Stems

grow to 15-40 cm. In open aquariums it grows easily to

the the water surface, and like other difficult plants growth

improves considerably if CO2 is added. Shortage of

micronutrients results in pale leaves. Like other stem plants

Alternanthera reineckii ‘Purple’ looks best in groups.

023 POT PG5023C TC PG7 023B POT PG6023 BDT PG3 023 XL PG10

22

Anubias barteri var. angustifolia

Ammania sp. ’Bonsai’

Anubias barteri var. barteri

Anubias barteri var. angustifolia from West Africa is a beauti-

ful plant with long, narrow leaves. 10-20 cm tall with the

rhizome forming 10-15 cm or larger. Anubias barteri var.

angustifolia used to be sold as Anubias afzelii, but the latter

is actually a much larger species. It is grown in the same

conditions as Anubias barteri var. nana. It is not eaten by

herbivorous fish.

Ammania sp. ‘Bonsai’ is best described as a compact,

moderate growing version of Bacopa caroliniana. Plant in

small groups and trim often. Cuttings may be re-planted

in the group to achieve a more dense group or carpet.

At high light may the tip of the stems become reddish, at

lower light will the leaves become larger and the plant less

compact. Ammania sp. ‘Bonsai’ are particularly suitable for

nano-aquariums.

Anubias barteri var. barteri from West Africa is an unde-

manding plant. It grows somewhat larger than Anubias

barteri var. nana but is grown in the same conditions. From

25-45 cm tall, varies considerably in terms of size and leaf

shape. Like other Anubias-species, it is best planted in a

shady spot to restrict algae growth on the leaves. Herbivo-

rous fish do not eat the very tough and robust leaves.

101C POT PG8033E TC PG7 101A POT PG8

23

Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia

Anubias barteri var. coffeefolia

Anubias barteri var. coffeefolia is a very beautiful, low

cultivar of Anubias barteri. 15-25 cm tall and a creeping

rhizome from 10-15 cm or more. It is characteristic that

the leaves arch considerably between the leaf ribs, and

the new leaves are red-brown. The colour combination

and leaf shape make it an attractive variety. It flowers

frequently under water but does not produce seeds

there. It is not eaten by herbivorous fish.

Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia originates from an Australian tissue propagation laboratory. It is a very beautiful variety

with heart-shaped leaves. The leaves live for several years, so Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia can easily form large

groups despite its slow growth. A group of Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia growing more than 50 cm wide in a few

years is not unusual.

LAVA ROCK 20-30 CM

101 YLX PG13WOOD 30-40 CM

101 YWX PG13101U POT PG8 101G POT PG9101U XL PG12

24

Anubias barteri var. nana

Anubias sp. ’Petite’

Anubias barteri var. nana is a small, attractive plant which thrives in all conditions. It originates from Cameroon

and will reach 5-10 cm height. The best result is achieved by planting on a stone or tree root. Fishing line can

be used to attach the plant until it gains a hold. If planted on the bottom the rhizome must not be covered

because it tends to rot. It is not eaten by herbivorous fish.

Anubias sp. ‘Petite’ is a mutation which appeared in cultiva-

tion at the Oriental aquarium plant nursery in Singapore.

Stays less than 5 cm tall. It is most decorative when

attached to stones or roots, and like other Anubias should

be attached with fishing line until it gains a hold. A specialty

plant which is ideal for miniature landscapes in small

aquariums.

WOOD WITH SUCTION, 12-25 CM

101 ZWS PG12LAVA ROCK 7-15 CM

101 YLS PG11WOOD 12-25 CM

101 YWS PG11101 POT PG7 101H POT PG8

25

Aponogeton crispus

Aponogeton boivinianus

Aponogeton crispus ’Red’

Aponogeton crispus from Sri Lanka look good in any

aquarium with its light-green, transparent leaves. Leaves

from 25-50 cm and the plant grows to 15-25 cm wide. It

makes few demands, although growth is always best in

soft, slightly acidic water with a nutritious bottom. In such

conditions the plant produces a mass of leaves, and it flow-

ers very frequently in optimum conditions.

Aponogeton boivinianus is a large, strong plant which is only

suitable for large aquariums. A bulb plant from Madagascar.

In favourable conditions it can form very large leaves (up to

80 cm long and 8 cm wide, and from 30-50 cm wide). The

oldest leaves are deep dark-green, while younger leaves

are light-green and sometimes brownish until they are fully

developed.

Aponogeton crispus ‘Red’ is an interesting, red bulb plant.

A cultivar with red-violet, curly leaves which reaches 15-40

cm. With its moderate size, this graceful Aponogeton variety

looks spectacular as focal point contrasting against a light

green background. The plant is moderate to slow growing

and develops few or none floating leaves. Good light and

nutrient-rich conditions improves the plant characteristics.

083 POT PG8088 KN PG7 083B POT PG9

26

Aponogeton madagascariensis

Aponogeton longiplumulosus

Aponogeton ulvaceus

Aponogeton madagascariensis is a bulb plant from Mada-

gascar and is a speciality in botanical gardens all over the

world. Aponogeton madagascariensis makes such high

demands on water quality and the bottom that it can only

be recommended as a solitary plant in large, specialised

aquariums in which the water is replaced frequently.

Aponogeton longiplumulosus from Madagascar has large,

fluted leaves (35-60 cm long), making it a wonderful plant

which can be recommended for large aquariums (the whole

plant becomes 25-40 cm wide). It is relatively undemand-

ing, and makes no special demands on water quality.

Aponogeton ulvaceus is one of the most beautiful bulb

species in the Aponogeton-family and originates from Mada-

gascar. The leaves are delicate light-green and transparent

with fluted margin. A single root can produce more than 40

leaves, 30-60 cm long. This means that the plant is best as

a solitary plant in large aquariums (the plant becomes up to

50 cm wide).

089 KN PG7089D KN PG7 086 KN PG7

27

Bacopa australis

Azolla caroliniana

Bacopa caroliniana

Bacopa australis was discovered in southern Brazil

(australis = southern), and it does not come from Australia,

as might otherwise be assumed from its name. Stems

become 10-30 cm tall and 2-4 cm wide. Like the other

Bacopa species, Bacopa australis is also easy to grow in

an aquarium. Under certain conditions it creeps across the

bottom to form an elegantly decorative light green cushion.

Azolla caroliniana from North America is a small (1-2 cm tall),

floating fern housing blue-green algae in its leaves. These

algae are capable of absorbing nitrogen from the air, which

can then be used by the plant. Azolla caroliniana is used as

nitrogen fertiliser in rice paddies, and as animal feed. There

are several related varieties on the market, with similar ap-

pearance. A decorative plant for open aquariums.

Bacopa caroliniana originates from US and has been used

as an aquarium plant for many years. Stems become 10-30

cm long and 3-4 cm wide. Apart from relatively good light it

makes few demands. Its slow growth rate makes it one of

the few stem plants that do not need much attention. Like

most stem plants, it is most decorative when planted in

small groups.

043A POT PG5013 POR PG6 043 POT PG5 043 BDT PG3

28

Bolbitis heudelotii

Bacopa monnieri

Cabomba caroliniana

Bolbitis comes from West Africa, a fern with very beautiful

transparent green leaves, 15-40 cm tall and wide. When

planting do not cover the rhizome because it will rot, and it is

best to plant Bolbitis heudelotii on a root or stone. Keep the

plant in position with fishing line until it has gained a hold.

Growth can be increased considerably by supplying CO2,

and is only optimal in soft, slightly acidic water.

Bacopa monnieri originating from Tropical areas is an easy

and highly recommended plant which thrives in almost all

conditions. It is a plant which is suitable for the hard water

found in many European aquariums. Propagate by cuttings;

take a side shoot or terminal bud and plant it in the bottom.

Most beautiful when a great number of stems are planted

in a group.

Cabomba is a very popular aquarium plant from South

America owing to its beautiful foliage. It reaches 30-80

cm and each stem can become 5-8 cm wide.The least

demanding of the Cabomba-species, but still causes

problems in poorly lit aquariums. If there is not sufficient

light, try Limnophila sessiliflora, which requires less light.

Most decorative when planted in groups. Eaten locally as a

vegetable.

WOOD 12-25 CM

006 YWS PG11044 POT PG5 015 BDT PG3006 POT PG8 006 XL PG11

29

Ceratophyllum demersum ’Foxtail’

Cardamine lyrata

Ceratopteris thalictroides

Ceratophyllum demersum ’Foxtail’ was found in a smaller

tributary in Bolivia during an expedition to Rio Guapore, a

boundary river between Brazil and Bolivia. Ceratophyllum

has no roots as such, but it can still be planted in the bot-

tom of an aquarium and stems can become up to 80 cm

tall. ’Foxtail’ differs because its leaves are closer together

and it has lateral shoots, which gives it an attractive, com-

pact appearance.

Cardamine lyrata is actually a marsh plant from Japan. But

it is also a familiar aquarium plant which thrives under water

with 20-50 cm long stems. A characteristic trailing growth

form makes it highly decorative, and ‘aerial’ roots often form

on the plant itself. Plant in groups, and make sure the water

temperature does not exceed 28 degrees C.

Ceratopteris is a pan-tropical fern, 15-30 cm tall and 10-20

wide. This plant normally grows fast, but the addition of CO2

may be necessary to promote growth. The finely branched

leaves are very decorative and provide good contrast to

other leaf shapes. In good light Ceratopteris thalictroides

grows fast and helps prevent algae by consuming large

amounts of nutrients. This makes it a good starter plant in

small aquariums.

021A POR PG8024 POT PG5 005A POT PG6

30

Crinum calamistratum

Cladophora aegagrophila

Crinum natans

Crinum calamistratum from West Africa is a very graceful

bulbous plant with dark-green, very narrow leaves. The curly

leaves becomes 40-120 cm long. It forms smaller bulbs

than the other Crinum-species, and demands more light. In

the aquarium plants that are thriving form a number of small

bulbs. It is not eaten by herbivorous fish. It can also be used

in brackish aquariums with low salt concentrations.

Cladophora aegagrophila is not really a plant, but a ball

of algae from 3-10 cm wide. It is a decorative exception

from the rule about avoiding algae at all costs. It is normally

found in shallow lakes, where the movement of the waves

forms it into a sphere. Cladophora aegagrophila can be

divided into smaller pieces, which become spherical with

time, or which form a carpet, if attached to roots and

stones.

Crinum natans is a very beautiful and graceful bulbous plant

with dark green leaves from West Africa. Leaves grow to

50-150 cm long. Plant so the top 2/3 of the bulb is visible.

When the plant grows older (if it is thriving) it sometimes

forms small bulbs and sends a flower stem up to the water

surface with a beautiful and aromatic lily flower. The plant

varies considerably in leaf width and the shape of the leaf

margin.

094A POT PG9 094A XL PG13000C ST PG5 094 POT PG9 094 XL PG13

31

Cryptocoryne beckettii ’Petchii’

Crinum thaianum

Cryptocoryne crispatula

Cryptocoryne beckettii ‘Petchii’ is a small variety of Cryp-

tocoryne beckettii from Sri Lanka, which has beautiful,

slightly fluted leaf margins, 10-15 cm long. Leaves become

dark olive-brown with violet underside. Like many other

Cryptocorynes, the leaf colour and shape depends largely

on environmental conditions in the aquarium.

Crinum thaianum from Thailand is a distinctive bulbous

plant belonging to the lily family having 60-200 cm long

leaves. It is undemanding apart from the fact that it needs

plenty of space. Plant so the top 2/3 of the bulb is visible,

because otherwise the bulb tends to rot. When the plant

grows older it sometimes sends a flower stem up to the

water surface with an aromatic, elegant lily flower.

Cryptocoryne crispatula from Southern Thailand where

there are limestone mountains, and the water can be very

hard. Like many other Cryptocorynes it needs to acclimatise

before growth starts in earnest. Leaves becomes 20-60 cm

long and the single roset plant becomes 15-20 cm wide.

LAVA ROCK 7-15 CM

108A YLS PG10108A POT PG7093 POT PG9 093 XL PG11 125 POT PG9

32

Cryptocoryne undulata ’Broad Leaves’

Cryptocoryne parva

Cryptocoryne wendtii ’Brown’

The triploid variety of Cryptocoryne undulata from Sri Lanka

has wider leaves and a beautiful, flecked leaf pattern. It also

grows larger, from 15-25 cm, and the single roset becomes

10-20 cm wide. It is a hardy plant and do well under many

growing conditions.

Cryptocoryne parva from Sri Lanka is the smallest of all

Cryptocorynes (only 3-6 cm tall and a roset less than

5-8 cm wide). It is one of the few species that does not

significantly change its leaf shape and colour depending

on cultivation conditions. It needs more light than most

other Cryptocorynes because it almost loses its leaf

blade under water.

Cryptocoryne wendtii ‘Brown’ is a beautiful brown variety of

Cryptocoryne wendtii from Sri Lanka. It reaches 15-25 cm

and each roset becomes 10-15 cm wide. It is a mistake to

believe that Cryptocorynes require soft water. In large parts

of Sri Lanka the water is hard, so Sri Lanka Cryptocorynes

are almost all suitable for hard European water.

110A POT PG7106 POT PG8 109C POT PG7

33

Cryptocoryne wendtii ’Mi Oya’

Cryptocoryne wendtii ’Green’

Cryptocoryne wendtii ’Tropica’

This beautiful variety of Cryptocoryne wendtii is only

found in the river Mi Oya at Sri Lanka. It has characteristic

red-brown, slightly hammered leaves from 20-35 cm, and

15-30 cm wide rosettes. Many Cryptocorynes can grow at

high temperatures. In the wild this plant is found in streams

with a temperature of more than 30 degrees C.

Cryptocoryne wendtii ‘Green’ is suitable for small aquariums

with heights from 5-15 cm and a roset from 8-15 cm wide.

When grown in an open space the leaves will virtually lie on

the bottom. Like most other Sri Lanka Cryptocorynes, it also

grows well in hard water.

This beautiful variety with the dark, hammered leaves is

named after ’Tropica’. When grown in an open space the

leaves will virtually lie on the bottom. It is suitable for small

aquariums with leaves from 10-15 cm, and a rosette

from 10-20 cm wide. Like most other Sri Lanka Crypto-

corynes, it also grows well in hard water.

109D POT PG7109 POT PG7 109E POT PG7 109E XL PG11

34

Cyperus helferi

Cryptocoryne x willisii

Didiplis diandra

Cyperus-species are widespread all over the tropics, but

only a few of them are good underwater plants. Cyperus

helferi from Thailand is the first Cyperus-species used in

aquariums, 20-35 cm tall and a roset from 15-25 cm wide.

It requires a relatively large amount of light, and CO2 addi-

tion is recommended to promote growth. In aquariums with

good water flow the plant sways beautifully in the current.

This Cryptocoryne from Sri Lanka used (mistakenly) to

be called Cryptocoryne nevillii, but this is the name of a

species that has never been used in aquariums. Like many

other Cryptocorynes, not much happens the first month af-

ter planting. But then it starts to grow, and willingly produces

plenty of runners which form a compact group. The plant

becomes 7-20 cm tall, and each roset 7-15 cm wide.

Didiplis diandra from North America is a fine plant which

should be planted in small groups with stems from 10-15

cm and 2-5 cm wide. In good light it develops red shoot

tips which form a beautiful contrast with other green plants.

A demanding plant which needs a lot of light and prefers

soft water. CO2 addition boosts growth considerably. Also

known as Peplis diandra.

133A POT PG7107 POT PG7 031 POT PG7

35

Echinodorus bleheri

Echinodorus ’Aquartica’

Echinodorus cordifolius ssp. fluitans

Echinodorus bleheri from South America is undemanding

and beautiful, and becomes 20-50 cm tall. A nutritious

bottom promotes growth, but the plant needs pruning to

prevent it depriving plants underneath of light. Echinodorus

bleheri does well even in poorly illuminated aquariums, as it

grows towards the light. It is a hardy and easy solitary plant

for both beginners and the more experienced with quite

large aquariums.

Characteristics of the cultivar Echinodorus ’Aquartica’ are

its round, bright green leaves. Its compact (10-20 cm),

low growth makes it suitable as a decorative solitary plant.

Slow growing and easy to care for, Echinodorus ’Aquartica’

retains the refreshing green colour of its leaves in normal

lighting and nutrient conditions in the aquarium. Echino-

dorus ’Aquartica’ was developed by Kristian Iversen from

the ”Aquartica’’ company.

A comparatively fast-growing Echinodorus from Mexico,

suitable for large aquariums reaching 20-50 cm long

leaves and a 15-30 cm wide roset. Unlike other round-

leafed varieties of the species, Echinodorus cordifolius

ssp. fluitans is less likely to grow up over the water

surface. If it grows large enough, it forms large leaves just

under the surface instead.

071 POT PG6 071 BDT PG3074F POT PG7 073D POT PG7

36

Echinodorus ’Ozelot’

Echinodorus osiris

Echinodorus ’Ozelot Green’

Echinodorus ’Ozelot’ is a decorative hybrid between

Echinodorus schluteri ’Leopard’ and Echinodorus ‘Barthii’.

20-50 cm tall and a 20-40 cm wide rosette. Naturally, it is

the elliptical black spots on the red-brown leaves that have

given this plant the name ’Ozelot’. The spots are darkest on

the youngest leaves, and unlike many other spotted Echi-

nodorus, ’Ozelot’ retains its spots even at low light intensity.

In the 1970’s coloured aquarium plants were rare, which is

why Echinodorus osiris with its red colour quickly became

popular. It originates from Brazil and becomes 25-50 cm tall

with a 20-30 cm wide roset. It is generally an undemanding

plant which is suitable for both soft and hard water. It is not

eaten by herbivorous fish.

A beautiful, dark-green variety of Echinodorus ’Ozelot’,

20-50 cm tall and a 20-40 cm wide rosette. The dark spots

form a bigger contrast on the light leaves. The leaf margin

is fluted. A nutritious bottom promotes growth. It is an easy

and highly recommended plant, which thrives in almost all

conditions.

073F POT PG8072 POT PG8 073G POT PG8 073G XL PG12073F XL PG12

37

Echinodorus quadricostatus

Echinodorus palaefolius var. latifolius

Echinodorus ’Red Diamond’

Echinodorus ‘Quadricostatus’ from South America has

characteristic light-green leaves 10-15 cm long which form

a good contrast to the darker aquarium plants. It is most

beautiful when planted in groups, each roset becoming

15-20 cm wide. In good conditions it produces runners

which spread over the bottom. Very light leaves are a sign

of a shortage of micro-nutrients.

In marshy conditions Echinodorus palaefolius var. latifolius

from Brazil has round leaves with a horizontal leaf base.

Under water the leaves are narrower and longer (from 20-

40 cm). In the aquarium it tends to grow out of the water.

This can be prevented by removing the long leaves just

before they reach the water surface. The next leaves will

then become shorter and the plant will remain under water.

Echinodorus ’Red Diamond’ appeared as a culture in the

Ukraine, and is probably a cross between Echinodorus

horemanni ’Red’ and Echinodorus ‘Barthii’. The resultant

hybrid is an attractive plant with ruby-red sword-shaped

leaves, 15-25 cm long. Unlike many of the other Echinodor-

us-species, Echinodorus ’Red Diamond’ remains moderate

in size (20-30 cm wide roset).

068 POT PG7076 POT PG7 074D POT PG8076 XL PG12

38

Echinodorus ’Reni’

Echinodorus ’Rosé’

Echinodorus ’Red Special’

Echinodorus ‘Red Special’ is a hybrid of several different

cultivated plants, characterised by copper-coloured,

spatula-shaped leaves. In some cases these have darker

red patches. The plant grows abundantly in a compact

shape (approximately 20-30 cm tall and wide), and is very

decorative as a solitary plant.

‘Reni’ is a well-known cultivar characterised by being

amongst the smallest of the red Echinodorus, 15-40 cm

tall and a roset from 15-25 wide. The new leaves of the

plant are reddish-brown to deep beetroot in colour. It can

be used in small aquariums and is unpretentious. The plant

requires a lot of light and nourishment for optimal colour

development.

This beautiful plant is a hybrid between Echinodorus

horemanii ‘Red’ and Echinodorus horizontalis. It was first

produced in 1986 by Hans Barth in Dessau and becomes

25-40 cm tall and a rosette from 15-25 cm wide. New

underwater leaves are a beautiful pink, and initially the

leaves have red-brown spots. A nutritious bottom promotes

growth, but otherwise Echinodorus ’Rosé’ is undemanding

and thus an excellent plant for beginners.

072D POT PG8073J POT PG8 072B POT PG8 072B XL PG12

39

Echinodorus ’Rubin’

Echinodorus tenellus

Echinodorus uruguayensis

Echinodorus uruguayensis from South America has long,

narrow, transparent, dark-green leaves 20-55 cm long,

making it a very beautiful solitary plant for large aquariums.

The leaf length and width vary considerably. In good growing

conditions it forms an unusual number of leaves (10-30 cm

wide roset), and a nutritious bottom and CO2 addition and

slightly acidic water promote growth.

Echinodorus ’Rubin’ is a decorative hybrid between Echi-

nodorus horemanii ‘Red’ and Echinodorus ‘Barthii’ with up

to 60 cm long leaves and a roset from 20-40 cm wide. The

transparent, ruby-red leaves with light leaf ribs provide a

particularly intensive sheen. An undemanding plant whose

growth is stimulated by CO2 addition and a nutritious bot-

tom. A good solitary plant for large aquariums.

Small foreground plants for aquariums are in short supply,

but Echinodorus tenellus from North America is one of

the best. The runners spread round the aquarium. A true

”lawn’’ effect appr. 5-10 cm tall is only achieved at high

light intensities, so you must make sure larger plants do not

overshadow the plant. Plant individual plants a couple of

centimetres apart (easiest with tweezers).

067 POT PG8074B POT PG8 070A POT PG8074B XL PG13

40

Echinodorus ’Vesuvius’

Echinodorus ’Barthii’

Egeria densa

The cosmopolitan Egeria densa is a good plant for begin-

ners, and its rapid growth helps create a balance in the

aquarium from the start. Stems grows fast to 40-100 cm

and becomes 2-4 cm wide. Egeria helps preventing algae

because it absorbs a great number of nutrients from the

water. The plant secretes antibiotic substances which can

help prevent blue-green algae (a type of bacteria).

Echinodorus ’Vesuvius’ is a cultured species based on

Echinodorus angustifolia from Oriental Aquarium Plants.

The narrow and twisted green leaves makes it an unusual

addition to the Echinodorus family. The rosette species

grows vigorously with many medium length and narrow

leaves (10-20 cm tall), and is highly decorative as a solitary

plant (rosette 10-15 cm wide). ’Vesuvius’ spreads readily

with runners.

The cultivar Echinodorus ‘Barthii’ is a decorative and beauti-

ful solitary plant for large aquariums. It becomes 25-50

cm tall and the whole rosette 20-30 cm wide. The leaves

change colour from dark-red in the youngest leaves to

dark-green in the oldest. The colour develops well when the

light intensity is high and there are sufficient micro-nutrients

in the aquarium.

072A POT PG8 072A XL PG12067C POT PG9 058 BDT PG3

41

Eleocharis parvula

Eleocharis sp. ’Mini’

Fissidens fontanus

This featherlike Fissidens-moss with tight deep green down

comes from North America. It grows relatively slow and

requires much more light than other mosses. Suitable for

binding roots and stones both vertically and horizontally in

the aquarium.

The cosmopolitan Eleocharis parvula has short leaves and

fast growth making it one of the most impressive carpet-

forming foreground plants, 3-10 cm tall depending on light

conditions. It spreads rapidly by runners. It is a relatively

easy and undemanding plant that does best with good light

and a nutritious substrate.

Eleocharis sp. ’mini’ has even lower growth than the

common Eleocharis parvula and was given to Tropica by

Thomas Barr from US. Plant the mini-version in small por-

tions covering a larger area. In short time, a dense carpet

will be obtained. Needs light to perform optimal, however,

it is one of the most secure species for creating a carpet

– and a minimum of maintenance since leaves stays small

(3-5 cm).

132B TC PG7132C POT PG7 002F POR PG9

42

Fontinalis sp. ’Willow’

Glossostigma elatinoides

Hemianthus callitrichoides ’Cuba’

Hemianthus callitrichoides is one of the smallest aquarium

plants in the world, and creeps over the bottom with

millimetre-sized round leaves. If planted in small clumps a

few centimetres apart, it will spread rapidly and cover the

bottom like a carpet. Hemianthus callitrichoides is an attrac-

tive foreground plant for small aquariums. Found on Cuba

west of Havana.

Fontinalis antipyretica looks best when it reaches a bigger

size. Hence, the light green tips of each darker green stem

becomes visible. Fontinalis is an unassuming and easy

moss, which do well also at lower temperatures, and does

well in many types of aquariums.

Glossostigma elatinoides from New Zealand is much in

demand in Japanese-inspired aquariums. It is one of the

smallest aquarium plants (2-3 cm tall), and thus a good

foreground plant. A difficult plant demanding a lot of light.

Grows upwards if light is poor. Make sure larger plants do

not overshadow it. CO2 addition and soft water promote

growth significantly.

LAVA ROCK 7-15 CM

048B YLS PG10045A POT PG6 045A TC PG7003F POR PG9 048B POT PG7 048B TC PG7

43

Hemianthus micranthemoides

Heteranthera zosterifolia

Hydrocotyle tripartita

Hydrocotyle tripartita is characterised by fast, compact

growth and small, intensive green leaves on vertical stems.

The plant is carpet-forming (5-10 cm tall) and its compact

growth can be promoted by physically pressing the carpet

with your hand when maintaining your aquarium (mechanical

retardation). Carpet formation and compact growth do best

in good light.

Hemianthus micranthemoides from North America is a

graceful plant whose small, arched leaves make it look like

a miniature version of Egeria. It has a characteristic trailing

growth in intensive light, so it can be used as a foreground

plant (stems from 10-20 cm tall, 2-3 cm wide). A compact

group of Hemianthus micranthemoides is very beautiful with

its small, light-green leaves.

Heteranthera zosterifolia from South America is an extremely

beautiful plant which forms a lot of side shoots and thus

quickly forms a bushy plant group. Stems can become

30-50 cm tall and 6-12 cm wide. In strong light growth is

intensive, and the plant must be pruned before it becomes

so compact that no light reaches the lower leaves.

096 TC PG7048A POT PG7 039B POT PG7

44

Hydrocotyle verticillata

Hygrophila corymbosa

Hygrophila corymbosa ’Angustifolia’

This plant originates from South-East Asia and stems be-

come 25-60 cm long with 10 cm long leaves. Under water

Hygrophila corymbosa ’Angustifolia’ has relatively narrow

leaves which are grouped close together. Plants sold in

the shops are normally cultivated above water, and have

rounder leaves with larger gaps between them.

Unlike other Hydrocotyle species, this plant retains its

trailing growth form. Verticillata originates from America and

becomes 3-7 cm tall. Optimum growth is only achieved in

strong light and soft, slightly acidic water. It does not need to

be rooted, but can be used as a floating plant. Hydrocotyle

verticillata is definitely a foreground plant which can also be

used in garden ponds.

Hygrophila corymbosa is an undemanding starter plant that

originates from Asia. In the aquarium it will spread fast and

create bright green, long and wide leaves. It is a fast grow-

ing plant that must be pruned frequently. New shoots will

spread from the stem and make the plant look bushier. The

cuttings can be re-planted in the bottom of the aquarium

where new roots form quickly.

053 BDT PG3039 POT PG6 052A POT PG5

45

Hygrophila corymbosa ’Siamensis’

Hygrophila corymbosa ’Siamensis 53B’

Hygrophila difformis

Hygrophila difformis from Asia is beautiful and undemand-

ing. Stems becomes 20-30 cm tall and 6-12 cm wide. A

plant for beginners which can help create a balance in the

aquarium from the start. Its rapid growth helps prevent algae

because the plant absorbs a great number of nutrients

from the water. The shortage of micronutrients leads to pale

leaves, which may be an indication that the aquarium needs

fertiliser.

‘Siamensis’ originates from Thailand and have stems from

15-40 cm and 10-15 cm wide. Leaves are light-green

and dense. In open aquariums Hygrophila corymbosa

’Siamensis’ grows easily above the water surface, where it

forms blue-green leaves and small blue flowers. It grows fast

and the shoots must be pinched out regularly if you want

to keep the plant under water. An extremely hardy plant,

suitable for beginners.

Hygrophila corymbosa ’Siamensis 53B’ is a variety of

Hygrophila corymbosa ’Siamensis’. This Hygrophila ’Sia-

mensis 53B’ forms an incredible amount of side shoots and

becomes bushy relatively rapidly. Stems becomes 15-40

cm tall and 7-12 cm wide. Its beautiful bright green leaves

are narrower than the regular ’Siamensis’ and it can achieve

red-brown leaves in good light conditions.

053B POT PG5053A POT PG5 053A XL PG10 051 BDT PG3

46

Hygrophila pinnatifida

Hygrophila polysperma

Hygrophila polysperma ’Rosanervig’

Hygrophila polysperma ’Rosanervig’ is normally an unde-

manding plant. But if you want deep-pink leaves you must

provide intensive light. Stems becomes 20-40 cm tall and

5-8 cm wide. The distinctive colouring of the light leaf ribs

is probably caused by a virus which prevents chlorophyll

from being produced in the cells around the leaf ribs, mak-

ing them white.

Hygrophila pinnatifida originates from India. It obtains brown,

patched leaves on the surface with a distinctive burgundy

colour underneath. It creates horizontal side shoots and

the top shoots should be pinched out in order to maintain

compact and attractive growth. The horizontal side shoots

easily attach to both wood and rocks. Stems 15-40 cm tall,

and the colour is attractive when planted in small groups

with a plain background.

Hygrophila polysperma from South-East Asia is one of the

hardiest aquarium plants available. Stems becomes 25-40

cm. It is particularly good for beginners because it grows

in almost all conditions. It normally grows so fast that it is

important to prevent it crowding out other plants. Hygrophila

polysperma varies considerably in leaf shape and colour,

depending to some extent on the light supplied.

WOOD 12-25 CM

051A YWS PG10 050 POT PG6051A POT PG8 050B POT PG6

47

Hygrophila sp. ’Araguaia’

Lilaeopsis brasiliensis

Lilaeopsis mauritiana

This Lilaeopsis species demands less light than Lilaeopsis

brasiliensis, and stays also low (5-10 cm “lawn”). Tropica’s

founder, Holger Windeløv, found it on Mauritius in 1992.

The plants height and distance between its leaves depend

on the light intensity. The more light it gets, the lower the

plant and the denser the leaves. The runners spread round

the aquarium. Should be planted like Lilaeopsis brasiliensis.

“Araguaia” is a river system in Brazil and it is under this name

that the plant has become known. There are many signs,

however, that the plant is a Hygrophila lancea from Japan

and Hong Kong. The stem becomes 10-20 cm tall. It has

compact, tight-sitting leaves and grows branches easily.

Pinching of the stems maintains a bushy look. The plant is

reddish brown to purple in colour and is promoted by good

growth conditions.

Lilaeopsis brasiliensis from South America can grow very

compact, but a ”lawn effect’’ (4-7 cm tall) is only achieved

at high light intensity. When planting in the aquarium small

clumps (approx. 1/8 pot) should be placed a few centime-

tres apart to help the plants grow together more quickly.

Place in an open position without shading from other plants

to ensure good light.

040 POT PG6051B POT PG7 040 TC PG7 040B POT PG7

48

Limnobium laevigatum

Limnophila aquatica

Limnophila sessiliflora

Limnophila sessiliflora is a good and undemanding plant

from South-East Asia which is a good alternative to

Cabomba, which demands a lot of light. Stems grows fast

up to 40 cm long and becomes 3-4 cm wide. The plant

often grows leggy in poor light, but this can be counteracted

to some extent by stimulating growth by CO2 addition. Most

beautiful when planted in groups.

Limnobium laevigatum from South America is a decorative

floating plant that is particularly suitable for open aquariums.

1-5 cm tall and leaves from 5-15 cm wide. It is also good in

traditional aquariums, because the fine, long and decorative

roots provide protection to gouramies and other surface fish

that like the roots of floating plants.

An extremely beautiful aquarium plant circled by light-green

and finely branched leaves from South-East Asia. In the right

growing conditions with added CO2 and a nutritious bottom

this plant grows fast and can become 25-50 cm long and

each stem up to 15 cm wide. In good light it forms horizon-

tal side shoots and becomes attractive and bushy. Most

decorative when several stems are planted in a small group.

046 POT PG7063 POR PG7 047 POT PG6

49

Lindernia rotundifolia

Lobelia cardinalis

Ludwigia arcuata

This is a narrow-leafed Ludwigia species from US, a plant

with 25-50 long and 3-5 wide stems. It is often mistaken for

Didiplis diandra. It requires a relatively large amount of light

before forming a red stem and red leaves, and thrives best

in slightly acidic, soft/medium hard water. The most decora-

tive effect can be achieved by planting it in groups.

Lindernia rotundifolia grows on sandy banks along streams

in Asia. The plant is undemanding and the stems with

marbled leaves quickly form compact groups. Lindernia

rotundifolia is suitable both for background and as a solitary

mid-ground plant with leaves growing tightly from top to bot-

tom. A good starter plant that thrives under most conditions.

Lobelia cardinalis grows wild in Northern America. In the

nursery this plant is cultivated in marshy conditions, forming

dark-green leaves which are purple underneath. In aquari-

ums the leaves turn a beautiful shade of light-green, with

stems 10-30 cm tall and 5-10 cm wide. It needs intensive

light to thrive. Widely used in Dutch aquariums in so-called

”plant streets’’.

053C POT PG5045 POT PG6 035 POT PG7

50

Ludwigia glandulosa

Ludwigia repens ’Rubin’

Marsilea hirsuta

Marsilea hirsuta is a carpet-plant from Australia. A fascinat-

ing plant, usually delivered with leaves like a four-leaf clover.

After a transitional period it develops different types of

leaves, possibly a low form with single leaves like a large

Glossostigma, or alternatively develop two, three or four-

lobed leaves varying in height (from 2-10 cm), depending on

the growth conditions.

Ludwigia glandulosa from North America is a very beautiful

water plant. It is slow growing and requires CO2 addition

to grow well. Stems becomes 15-40 cm tall and 5-12 cm

wide. The leaves turn greener if sufficient light is provided.

Used to be sold as Ludwigia perennis.

Variety of Ludwigia repens from North America with strik-

ing dark red leaves and stalk. Stems from 20-50 cm and

4-6 cm wide. It makes a fine colour contrast to the green

shades in the aquarium. Plant in large groups to enhance

the decorative effect, and prune regularly to encourage

bushy growth. The plant makes few demands, but if light is

insufficient the lower leaves tend to fall off.

033D POT PG7035A POT PG5 010 POT PG5 010 TC PG7

51

Microsorum pteropus

Microsorum pteropus is a water fern from Asia, 15-30 cm tall, which should be grown on a root or stone, attached with fishing line until it has

gained a hold. If it is planted in the bottom, do not cover the rhizome because it will rot. Easy to propagate by splitting the horizontal rhizome.

A hardy plant which grows in all conditions. The black spots under the leaves are sporangia (reproductive organs), not signs of disease as

many believe.

LAVA ROCK 20-30 CM

008 YLX PG13WOOD 30-40 CM

008N YWX PG13WOOD 12-25 CM

008 YWS PG11WOOD WITH SUCTION, 30-40 CM

500 OWX PG13WOOD 30-40 CM

008 YWX PG13LAVA ROCK 7-15 CM

008 YLS PG11008 POT PG8 008 XL PG12

52

Microsorum pteropus ’Narrow’

Micranthemum umbrosum

Microsorum pteropus is a highly variable species, and new varieties are easily bred. Microsorum pteropus

’Narrow’ has narrower leaves, which grow at a less acute angle from the stem than the normal Microsorum

pteropus. Leaves becomes 10-20 cm and a rhizome from 10-15 cm or more. The plant attaches readily to

roots and stones. A decorative plant, which is also suitable for smaller aquariums.

Micranthemum umbrosum is a beautiful plant from US with

small round leaves. It is suitable for small or large aquariums

with stems becoming 10-25 cm long and 1-2 cm wide.

Relatively demanding in terms of light. CO2 addition is

recommended to promote growth. Once the plant starts

growing it grows fast, and the shoots have to be pinched

out often (can be planted as cuttings in the bottom).

WOOD WITH SUCTION, 12-25 CM

008A ZWS PG12WOOD 12-25 CM

008A YWS PG11WOOD 30-40 CM

008A YWX PG13008A POT PG8048 POT PG7

53

Microsorum pteropus ’Windeløv’

Microsorum pteropus ’Windeløv’ is a patented variety of Microsorum pteropus, named after Tropica’s founder Holger Windeløv. Its finely

branched leaf tips make it one of the most beautiful aquarium plants. The Microsorum variety becomes 15-20 cm tall and wide. A hardy and

easy plant for both beginners and the more experienced. Best results are obtained by planting it on a stone or tree root.

WOOD 30-40 CM

008B YWX PG13HALF COCONUT

510 YCS PG12WOOD WITH SUCTION, 7-10 CM

008B ZWM PG10WOOD 7-10 CM

008B YWM PG9WOOD WITH SUCTION, 12-25 CM

008B ZWS PG12WOOD 12-25 CM

008B YWS PG11008B POT PG8

54

Myriophyllum mattogrossense

Monosolenium tenerum

Myriophyllum mattogrossense ’Red’

Myriophyllum matogrossense originates from Matto

Grosso in the Rio Amazonas, Brazil. It has decorative and

feather-like, reddish stems (30-60 cm long) and finely

divided bright green leaves (5 cm wide). In good light con-

ditions the leaves spread out in a fan shape. Myriophyllum

is relatively easy and is suitable for the background.

A good starter plant.

The Asian Monosolenium tenerum is an attractive liverwort,

2-5 cm high, which looks most like a giant Riccia that

simply stays at the bottom, where it forms cushions. It is

a brittle plant, and pieces break off easily, so it is best to

place it in the aquarium attached to stones with fishing line

or in small clumps among other plants such as Eleocharis.

Once Monosolenium has established itself, it is very

undemanding.

The orange-red variety of Myriophyllum mattogrossense

from South America demands high light and nutrient levels

to develop optimally. It becomes 20-60 cm tall and each

stem 3-4 cm wide. Myriophyllum should be planted in the

center or background of the aquarium, and as a contrast

to green plants. The variety is fast growing and must be

trimmed often to keep a dense, compact growth. Cutted

stems can be planted next to the group to obtain an ever

denser group.

LAVA ROCK 7-15 CM

002C YLS PG10 037 POT PG7002C POR PG7 037D POT PG7

55

Nymphaea lotus

Nesaea crassicaulis

Nymphoides sp. ’Taiwan’

A beautiful and very varied species from West Africa with

leaves of green to red-brown and varying numbers of

purple spots. Can grow from 20-80 cm tall. Before form-

ing floating leaves Nymphaea lotus (zenkeri) forms many

underwater leaves. If you don’t want floating leaves, prune

the roots and leaves. The beautiful, aromatic flowers can

be fully appreciated in open aquariums. Recommended as

a solitary plant for large aquariums.

Nesaea crassicaulis from Africa is a beautiful and highly rec-

ommended aquarium plant, although it has high demands

for light. It has red-brown, cognac-coloured leaves. Stems

becomes 30-50 cm and 8-15 cm wide. Grows best in soft

and slightly acidic water. Make sure the lower leaves get

sufficient light, otherwise they will die off.

Nymphoides sp. grows in Asia and Africa - and this variant

of the species originates from southern Taiwan. The rosette

plant can become 15-25 cm tall and 10-15 cm wide. This

variant is characterised by many underwater leaves and

the intense, light-green, transparent colour of the plant.

The plant is fast-growing and it is necessary to thin out the

leaves (remove oldest leaves and surface leaves).

019 POT PG9033B POT PG5 041B POT PG8 041B TC PG7019 KN PG7

56

Pogostemon helferi

Pogostemon erectus

Pogostemon stellata

This plant was discovered by aquarists in Thailand, close

to the border with Burma. It is called ’Downoi’ (little star) in

Thailand, and it is easy to see why (5-10 cm tall and wide).

Pogostemon helferi is an unusual and distinctive aquatic

plant with a compact habit, curly leaves and a strikingly

beautiful green colour.

The Indian Pogostemon erectus forms compact groups of

bright green, conifer-like stems, 10-20 cm tall and 1-3 cm

wide. Pogostemon erectus is suitable as a background

plant and creates a wonderful focal point in both smaller

and larger groups. Intense light helps the plant to stay

compact for a longer period. Moderate growth and vigorous

roots.

Pogostemon stellata from Asia and Australia is distin-

guished by its beautiful shape and colour. Stems from

20-60 cm and up to 10 cm wide. It is difficult to grow in

aquariums. It requires intensive light and the addition of

CO2 to grow well. The shortage of micronutrients leads to

pale leaves, which may be an indication that the aquarium

needs fertiliser.

LAVA ROCK 7-15 CM

053H YLS PG10053H POT PG8053F POT PG8 053G POT PG7053F TC PG7

57

Ranunculus inundatus

Proserpinaca palustris ’Cuba’

Riccardia chamedryfolia

This species comes from Australia and becomes 5-10 cm

tall. There are many species and variants of Ranunculus,

which grow coarse and leggy in aquariums. Ranunculus

inundatus is characterised by its compact form and

distinguished, deep-lying umbrellas. The plant forms many

vertical runners with new plants and over time thick bottom

coverage is formed. Good lighting produces compact

growth. Long leaves can be pruned.

Proserpinaca is a stem plant, 10-40 cm tall and 5-10

cm wide. Cultivated above water and delivered with

saw-toothed leaves, which after a transitional period in the

aquarium develop into long, finely denticulated, needle-like

leaves. In good light conditions it turns a beautiful copper

colour. The Tropica cultivar is found on the Isla de la Juven-

tud off Cuba. In the USA the plant is commonly known as

”mermaid weed’’.

Coral moss - thick and compact moss species with an in-

tense, deep green colour from Asia, 1-3 cm tall. Riccardia

is specially suited for attaching to branches and stones.

The moss grows slowly and is easily overgrown by algae

or other mosses. Riccardia requires more light than other

moss species.

022C POT PG7037C POT PG8 003D POR PG9

58

Rotala macrandra

Riccia fluitans

Rotala rotundifolia

Rotala macrandra is an unusually beautiful aquarium plant,

but unfortunately it is very demanding. It needs very good

light to develop its beautiful red colour, and CO2 addition

and soft water are vital to ensure reasonable growth. It is

most beautiful in groups, but do not plant individual shoots

too close because this will prevent light reaching the lower

leaves.

Japanese Takashi Amano has inspired many aquarium owners

to keep the 1-5 cm tall cosmopolitic moss, Riccia fluitans,

submerged. It can be kept down by tying it to a stone with a

piece of fishing line, but new shoots always grow towards the

surface, so it may be necessary to prune it with scissors. Ric-

cia fluitans thrives best with added CO2 and in good growing

conditions small oxygen bubbles form on the leaf tips.

The Latin name means ”the plant with the round leaves’’.

But this only applies to the marsh variety, which has circular

leaves. Rotala rotundifolia from South-East Asia has long,

thin leaves (2-3 cm wide) and 15-30 long stems. Unlike

other Rotala species it is relatively undemanding, although

it needs good light to produce red leaves. It forms side

shoots willingly, becoming compact and bushy.

LAVA ROCK 7-15 CM

001 YLS PG10 032 TC PG7001 POR PG7 033 POT PG5001 TC PG7

59

Rotala wallichii

Rotala sp. ’Green’

Sagittaria subulata

Rotala wallichii is a demanding, South-asiatic stem plant that

develops red shoot tips in good light conditions. Stems from

10-30 cm and approximately 5 cm wide. The most decora-

tive effect can be achieved by planting a large number of

stems in a group. CO2 addition boosts growth considerably.

It also prefers soft, slightly acidic water.

The asiatic Rotala sp. ‘Green’ is very similar to Rotala rotun-

difolia, but its leaves remain fresh and bright green, even

with intensive light. Stems becomes 40-50 cm long and 2-3

cm wide. The plant forms many side shoots willingly and

obtains a beautiful, bushy and ”hanging” growth. It should

be pruned frequently to maintain healthy growth. An ideal

starter plant that looks best when planted in large groups.

Sagittaria subulata from South America is an ideal, un-

demanding foreground plant whose short runners form a

compact group. Place individual plants 2-4 cm apart. This

plant may cause problems because in certain conditions it

suddenly grows to a height of 50 cm when it grows older.

But if it is then moved into the background it may become

low again.

032A POT PG7033A POT PG6 079 POT PG7

60

Shinnersia rivularis ’Weiss-Grün’

Salvinia natans

Staurogyne repens

Variety of Shinnersia rivularis, distinguished by the white

veins on the leaves, 30-60 cm long and up to 10 cm wide

stems. This colour mutation was discovered at the Den-

nerle aquarium plant nursery. The plant grows rapidly and

soon reaches the water surface, but shoots can simply be

pinched off and planted back on the bottom.

Salvinia natans is a cosmopolitic floating fern, 1-3 cm, that

grows quickly if there is sufficient nutrition and light. Light

leaves are a sign of a shortage of micronutrients. It tends to

shade light from the plants at the bottom. Salvinia varieties

have small hairs on their leaves, making them water resistant.

Helps prevent algae by shading parts of the aquarium and

using nutrients in the water.

Staurogyne repens is a fresh green, compact and hardy

plant for the foreground of the aquarium and it was found in

River Rio Cristalino in the southern Amazonas. Staurogyne

has a compact, low and bushy stature (5-10 cm). During

planting in the aquarium, the longest upright shoots should

be cut off and new horizontally creeping shoots will soon

form from the plant basis and gradually colonize the gravel.

053E POT PG7011 POR PG6 049G POT PG8 049G TC PG7

61

Taxiphyllum barbieri

Taxiphyllum sp. ’Spiky’

Taxiphyllum barbieri from South-East Asia is a hardy plant which makes few demands on the water or light. The

moss becomes 3-10 cm thick and grows willingly on any surface, so it is ideal for decorating stones and tree

roots or concealing installations in the aquarium. Attach the plant with a piece of fishing line or cotton thread until

it has gained a hold on the décor. If its growth becomes too luxuriant, it can be pruned with scissors.

Best described as Christmas moss’ big brother, but from

Asia, 2-10 cm tall, rougher and bigger with deep green,

branched shoots. Spiky moss does best on vertical

surfaces where the branched shoots settle in. It grows fast

and requires a lot of light to do well.

LAVA ROCK 7-15 CM

003 YLS PG10 003G POR PG8003 POR PG7 003 ST PG8 003 TC PG7

62

Vallisneria sp. ’Gigantea’

Utricularia graminifolia

Vallisneria sp. ’Natans’

Vallisneria sp. Gigantea from Asia is an easy plant that

grows fast, suitable for large aquariums. In most aquariums

the leaves grow so long that they float on the surface (50-

150 cm, 2 cm wide). So the plant needs pruning to stop

it taking too much light from plants growing beneath. The

leaves are tough and strong, so they are not normally eaten

by herbivorous fish.

Utricularia graminifolia from Asia belongs to the bladderwort

family. All the plants in this family are insect eating, perennial

water and marsh plants. Bladder traps are a unique feature

of this family, which Utricularia graminifolia forms after a short

period of time in the aquarium. The species name means

’with grass like leaves’ and the fresh green leaves after a short

period of time form a pretty mat which looks like a lawn (2-8

cm tall).

Vallisneria sp. ‘Natans’ from Asia is a hardy plant for begin-

ners. It has fine, narrow leaves (50-100 cm long, 1 cm

wide) so it does not overshadow other plants much. Easy to

propagate using its many runners.

054 POT PG8049B POT PG8 055 BDT PG3054 PL PG6

63

Vallisneria sp. ’Asiatica’

Vallisneria sp. ’Mini Twister’

Vallisneria nana

Vallisneria sp. Asiatica has twisted, green leaves that make a

beautiful contrast when planted in groups. Its shorter leaves

(20-30 cm) differ from most other Vallisneria species and do

not overshadow other plants in the aquarium. An easy plant

that readily propagates via runners.

Vallisneria sp. ‘Mini Twister’ is yet another graceful variety

of Vallisneria americana. ‘Mini Twister’ develops short, at-

tractively twisted leaves (10-15 cm and 1-2 cm wide), and

can thus be placed between foreground and background

plants. ‘Mini Twister’ is easy to grow and thrives even in less

intensive light and without addition of CO2 to the water.

Vallisneria nana from Australia is a solitary contrast plant

with dark green, rosulate, narrow leaves (less than 1 cm).

It is extremely suitable as a mid-ground plant, but can also

be used as a background plant in small aquariums. The

leaves are much narrower than with other species of Val-

lisneria, nor are they quite as long. In aquariums it typically

grows to 30-50 cm, which no doubt reflects the different

light and nutrient conditions.

056A BDT PG3056B POT PG7 056C POT PG7

64

Vesicularia dubyana ’Christmas’

Vallisneria spiralis ’Tiger’

Vesicularia ferriei ’Weeping’

A moss speciality from Brasil, 1-3 cm tall, called ”Christ-

mas tree moss’’, because of its side branch structure

which distinguishes it from ordinary Vesicularia dubyana

and looks like fir tree branches. It is more demanding than

ordinary Java moss and grows more slowly. It attaches

readily to roots and stones, and as it spreads in the water

it needs pruning to keep its shape attractive.

Vallisneria spiralis ’Tiger’ from Asia is an excellent plant for

beginners, growing in virtually all light and water conditions.

The name ’Tiger’ is due to its striped leaves (30-50 cm long,

1-2 cm wide). The relatively short leaves make it suitable for

small aquariums, and the leaves are also narrow so they do

not overshadow smaller plants. Forms runners easily, and is

thus easy to propagate.

Vesicularia ferriei ’Weeping’, commonly known as Weeping

Moss, is believed to originate from China and has been

distributed by Oriental Aquarium Plants. ’Weeping’ is a

fleshy, 1-3 cm tall hanging moss with teardrop-like bright

green shoots. It is best attached to driftwood or roots,

as its drooping growth pattern helps to create depth and

contrast in the aquarium.

WOOD 12-25 CM

003A YWS PG9003A POR PG8055A POT PG7 003B POR PG8003A TC PG7 003B TC PG7

65

Alternanthera reineckii ’Pink’ (roseafolia) 023 Medium 21

Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia 101U Easy 23

Bolbitis heudelotii 006 Medium 28

Crinum calamistratum 094A Easy 30

Crinum natans 094 Medium 30

Crinum thaianum 093 Easy 31

Cryptocoryne wendtii ’Tropica’ 109E Easy 33

Echinodorus ’Barthii’ 072A Easy 40

Echinodorus ’Ozelot’ 073F Easy 36

Echinodorus ’Ozelot Green’ 073G Easy 36

Echinodorus palaefolius var. latifolius 076 Medium 37

Echinodorus ’Rosé’ 072B Easy 38

Echinodorus ’Rubin’ 074B Easy 39

Hygrophila corymbosa ’Siamensis’ 053A Easy 45

Microsorum pteropus 008 Easy 51

Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia 101 Easy 23

Anubias barteri var. nana 101 Easy 24

Bolbitis heudelotii 006 Medium 28

Cryptocoryne beckettii ’Petchii’ 108A Easy 31

Hemianthus callitrichoides ’Cuba’ 048B Advanced 42

Hygrophila pinnatifida 051A Medium 46

Microsorum pteropus 008 Easy 51

Microsorum pteropus ’Narrow’ 008A Easy 52

Microsorum pteropus ’Windeløv’ 008B Easy 53

Monosolenium tenerum 002C Easy 54

Pogostemon helferi 053H Medium 56

Riccia fluitans 001 Medium 58

Taxiphyllum barbieri 003 Easy 61

Vesicularia dubyana ’Christmas’ 003A Medium 64

Fissidens fontanus 002F Advanced 41

Fontinalis sp. ’Willow’ 003F Easy 42

Monosolenium tenerum 002C Easy 54

Riccardia chamedryfolia 003D Advanced 57

Riccia fluitans 001 Medium 58

Taxiphyllum barbieri 003 Easy 61

Taxiphyllum sp. ’Spiky’ 003G Easy 61

Vesicularia dubyana ’Christmas’ 003A Medium 64

Vesicularia ferriei ’Weeping’ 003B Medium 64

Azolla caroliniana 013 Easy 27

Ceratophyllum demersum ’Foxtail’ 021A Easy 29

Limnobium laevigatum 063 Easy 48

Riccia fluitans 001 Medium 58

Salvinia natans 011 Easy 60

Aponogeton boivinianus 088 Medium 25

Aponogeton longiplumulosus 089D Medium 26

Aponogeton madagascariensis 089 Medium 26

Aponogeton ulvaceus 086 Medium 26

Nymphaea lotus 019 Medium 55

Alternanthera reineckii ’Pink’ (roseafolia) 023 Medium 21

Bacopa caroliniana 043 Easy 27

Cabomba caroliniana 015 Easy 28

Echinodorus bleheri 071 Easy 35

Egeria densa 058 Easy 40

Hygrophila corymbosa 053 Easy 44

Hygrophila difformis 051 Easy 45

Vallisneria sp. ’Natans’ 055 Easy 62

Vallisneria sp. ’Asiatica’ 056A Easy 63

Alternanthera reineckii ’Mini’ 023C Medium 21

Ammania sp. ’Bonsai’ 033E Medium 22

Eleocharis sp. ’Mini’ 132B Medium 41

Glossostigma elatinoides 045A Advanced 42

Hemianthus callitrichoides ’Cuba’ 048B Advanced 42

Heteranthera zosterifolia 096 Easy 43

Lilaeopsis brasiliensis 040 Medium 47

Marsilea hirsuta 010 Medium 50

Nymphoides sp. ’Taiwan’ 041B Easy 55

Pogostemon erectus 053F Medium 56

Riccia fluitans 001 Medium 58

Rotala macrandra 032 Advanced 58

Staurogyne repens 049G Easy 60

Taxiphyllum barbieri 003 Easy 61

Vesicularia dubyana ’Christmas’ 003A Medium 64

Vesicularia ferriei ’Weeping’ 003B Medium 64

Product overview

Publisher:Tropica Aquarium PlantsMejlbyvej 2008250 EgaaDenmarkTel.+45 86 22 05 66Fax.+45 86 22 84 66e-mail: tropica@tropica.dkwww.tropica.com

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AppendixStem (Egeria, Hygrophila, Ludwigia…)

If necessary, cut off the overgrown roots so that the pot and

stone wool can be removed and the roots trimmed to approx. 4

cm. In case of bundle stem plants with a ceramic ring, remove

the ceramic ring and the bottom leaves. Plant the stems one by

one in a group.

Rhizomes (Anubias, Microsorum…)

If necessary, cut off the overgrown roots so that you can remove

the pot and mineral wool. When planting in bundles, do not

cover the rhizome or the plant will rotten. The plant can be

bound or squeezed between stones or roots.

Rosette (Echinodorus, Cryptocoryne…)

If necessary, cut off the overgrown roots so that you can remove

the pot and mineral wool. Trim the roots at approx. 4 cm. Divide

into single rosettes and remove the oldest/outermost leaves.

Plant alone or in a group.

Bulbs and tubers (Crinum, Aponogeton…)

Remove the pot and the mineral wool. Cut any strong roots at

approx. 4 cm. If there are several plants in the pot, separate

them from each other. Plant Crinum with approx. ½ of the bulb

over the bottom layer. Tubers can be covered completely, but

the shoot must be above the bottom layer.

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Floating plants (Limnobium, Ceratophyllum…)

You can cut the very long roots and Ceratophyllum can be

divided into small pieces. The plants are placed on the surface.

Note the shading effect they have further down in the aquarium.

Stolons (Vallisneria, Lilaeopsis…)

Remove the pot and the mineral wool. If applicable, trim the

roots at approx. 4 cm. Remove the ceramic ring from the

bundles. Plant the stems one by one in a group. Lilaeopsis,

however, in small portions.

Moss (Taxiphyllum, Monosolenium…)

The portion can be divided into smaller portions. Used ”loosely

floating” in the aquarium or bound to stones/roots. Very small

moss tufts can be inserted into the bottom layer to cover the

bottom.

Bottom layer (Eleocharis, Glossostigma…)

Remove the pot and the excess mineral wool. Trim the mineral

wool chunk at approx. 2 cm under plant level to use it as an

“anchor” when planting. Divide into 4-10 portions and plant

evenly over the area you wish to cover.

€ 5 | £ 4 | DKK 40

Tropica Aquarium Plants A/SMejlbyvej 2008250 EgaaDenmarkTel.+45 86 22 05 66Fax.+45 86 22 84 66e-mail: tropica@tropica.dkwww.tropica.com