Introduction to the Male Structures Diagram 18.2 page 470 Path of Sperm Problems of Male Reproductive System Care for the Reproductive System Concept Mapping Activity Quiz next class

DO NOW:

Define Reproductive System

List as many Reproductive Structures in the male body as you can

Major Functions:◦ Production of sperm◦ Storage of sperm (male reproductive cell)

Time of puberty pituitary gland releases hormone that stimulates production of testosterone (responsible for physical changes)

Fertilization – the joining of male sperm and female egg

Scrotum- an external skin sac that holds the testes

Testes- (singular Testis) also called testicles◦ two small glands that produce sperm◦ Produce hormone testosterone

***Sperm cannot live above normal body temp; Skin of scrotum keeps the testes slightly below body temp; muscles in the scrotum relax or contract to control temp***

Penis – external organ used for intercourse; contains three cylinders which become filled with blood to increase in size and fullness

Glans – smooth sensitive end of the penis Foreskin –fold of skin covering the head of

penis

The singular word for testes is “testis”, from Latin meaning to witness. During ancient times, a person providing testimony would validate it by holding his testes or another mans!!

Seminal Vesicle –◦ seminal fluid originates in seminal vesicle; ◦ Provides nutrients and energy to the sperm as it travels

through the vagina Vas Deferens –

◦ (ductus deference) move sperm; ◦ connect the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct

Prostate Gland –◦ Size of walnut; is below the bladder◦ Release nourishing fluid for sperm travel during

ejaculation

Cowper's Gland – ◦ Two tiny glands; located below prostate, neutralize

semen ◦ Releases pre-ejaculatory fluid ◦ Fluid cleanses urethra to protect sperm from acid

Epididymis-◦ Tightly coiled tube connecting to vas deference◦ Stores mature sperm

Urethra – ◦ Passage way for semen and urine to leave the body

Urinary bladder –◦ Storage of urine until excretion

1. Produced in testes 2. Stored in Epididymis 3. Released into the Vas Deferens 4.Passes seminal vesicle 5. Passes prostate gland 6. Now Urethra – passes Cowper’s gland 7. travels down the penis and out of the body

Head – Contains genetic material

Acrosomal Sac- above head; contains digestive enzyme so can penetrate ovum

Neck contains mitochondria; energy for sperm to swim

Tail – side to side movement to propel sperm through the vagina into the uterus

1. Males remain fertile and produce sperm throughout their life

2. 300 – 400 million sperm in each ejaculation3. Sperm swim 30 inches per hour4. Sperm make up 5% of what males ejaculate5. Sperm can live up to 5 days in fertile

cervical fluid

Get regular check-ups◦ Go to doctor every 12 – 18 months

Bathe regularly Wear protective equipment

◦ use protective cup or supporter during physical activities

Perform regular self-examinations◦ Check for any changes

Practice safe sexual activity or abstinence ◦ Use protection or abstain from intercourse

Chlamydia/gonorrhea◦ Bacterial infections cause burning during

urination. Syphilis

◦ Bacterial infection; initially painless, then red sores appear

Genital Herpes◦ Virus; blister like sores in genital area

Inguinal Hernia◦ Separation of tissues allows intestine to push into

abdomen near top of scrotum

◦ Symptoms : lump in groin near thigh, pain in groin; severe case partial or complete intestinal blockage

Sterility – Inability to reproduce; results from too few sperm less than 20 million per milliliter of seminal fluid

Results from environmental hazards ◦ Exposure to X rays◦ Radiation◦ Toxic chemicals◦ Lead◦ Anabolic steroids◦ Drugs◦ Hormonal imbalance◦ STD’s