Introduction to the Male Structures Diagram 18.2 page 470 Path of Sperm Problems of Male Reproductive System Care for the Reproductive System Concept Mapping Activity Quiz next class
DO NOW:
Define Reproductive System
List as many Reproductive Structures in the male body as you can
Major Functions:◦ Production of sperm◦ Storage of sperm (male reproductive cell)
Time of puberty pituitary gland releases hormone that stimulates production of testosterone (responsible for physical changes)
Fertilization – the joining of male sperm and female egg
Scrotum- an external skin sac that holds the testes
Testes- (singular Testis) also called testicles◦ two small glands that produce sperm◦ Produce hormone testosterone
***Sperm cannot live above normal body temp; Skin of scrotum keeps the testes slightly below body temp; muscles in the scrotum relax or contract to control temp***
Penis – external organ used for intercourse; contains three cylinders which become filled with blood to increase in size and fullness
Glans – smooth sensitive end of the penis Foreskin –fold of skin covering the head of
penis
The singular word for testes is “testis”, from Latin meaning to witness. During ancient times, a person providing testimony would validate it by holding his testes or another mans!!
Seminal Vesicle –◦ seminal fluid originates in seminal vesicle; ◦ Provides nutrients and energy to the sperm as it travels
through the vagina Vas Deferens –
◦ (ductus deference) move sperm; ◦ connect the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct
Prostate Gland –◦ Size of walnut; is below the bladder◦ Release nourishing fluid for sperm travel during
ejaculation
Cowper's Gland – ◦ Two tiny glands; located below prostate, neutralize
semen ◦ Releases pre-ejaculatory fluid ◦ Fluid cleanses urethra to protect sperm from acid
Epididymis-◦ Tightly coiled tube connecting to vas deference◦ Stores mature sperm
Urethra – ◦ Passage way for semen and urine to leave the body
Urinary bladder –◦ Storage of urine until excretion
1. Produced in testes 2. Stored in Epididymis 3. Released into the Vas Deferens 4.Passes seminal vesicle 5. Passes prostate gland 6. Now Urethra – passes Cowper’s gland 7. travels down the penis and out of the body
Head – Contains genetic material
Acrosomal Sac- above head; contains digestive enzyme so can penetrate ovum
Neck contains mitochondria; energy for sperm to swim
Tail – side to side movement to propel sperm through the vagina into the uterus
1. Males remain fertile and produce sperm throughout their life
2. 300 – 400 million sperm in each ejaculation3. Sperm swim 30 inches per hour4. Sperm make up 5% of what males ejaculate5. Sperm can live up to 5 days in fertile
cervical fluid
Get regular check-ups◦ Go to doctor every 12 – 18 months
Bathe regularly Wear protective equipment
◦ use protective cup or supporter during physical activities
Perform regular self-examinations◦ Check for any changes
Practice safe sexual activity or abstinence ◦ Use protection or abstain from intercourse
Chlamydia/gonorrhea◦ Bacterial infections cause burning during
urination. Syphilis
◦ Bacterial infection; initially painless, then red sores appear
Genital Herpes◦ Virus; blister like sores in genital area
Inguinal Hernia◦ Separation of tissues allows intestine to push into
abdomen near top of scrotum
◦ Symptoms : lump in groin near thigh, pain in groin; severe case partial or complete intestinal blockage
Sterility – Inability to reproduce; results from too few sperm less than 20 million per milliliter of seminal fluid
Results from environmental hazards ◦ Exposure to X rays◦ Radiation◦ Toxic chemicals◦ Lead◦ Anabolic steroids◦ Drugs◦ Hormonal imbalance◦ STD’s
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