Sustainable Energy Districts in Flanders: Progressive Insights and Cases Han Vandevyvere, Unit Smart Energy & Built Environment, VITO ǀ EnergyVille

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Situating the challenges

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Situating the challenges (1)

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CO2

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Energieverbruik & CO2-uitstoot

energieverbruik (MWh) CO2-uitstoot

Leuven (~ 100.000 inhabitants) Roeselare (~ 60.000 inhabitants)

Urban emissions do not decrease sufficiently fast

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Situating the challenges (2)

To invest in Energy Efficiency (EE) or in Renewable Energy (RE)?

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Situating the challenges (2)

Only betting on clean energy will not work Roeselare, 60.000 inhabitants, total surface 60 km², energy consumption 2.000 GWh/year

333 3MW turbines… … or a 50 km² solar farm

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Situating the challenges (2)

Deep EE gains will be needed - quick wins time is over

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Situating the challenges (3)

Role of (legal) frameworks...

Roeselare, electricity, technically possible Roeselare, electricity, currently ‘feasible’

Use curve

Use curve

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From individual approaches to collective setups / from government to governance

Citizens & Enterprises

Green Blue Network / Underground / Water / Waste Actors / Data Carriers

ICT/Smart City Providers

Situating the challenges (4)

Local Authorities

Stakeholder configurations for sustainable energy districts

Energy Actors

Mobility Actors

Built Environment Actors

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Long term planning and coordinating (investment)agendas

Situating the challenges (5)

Image source: energiesparen.be

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Securing upfront investments… but with many payback effects

Situating the challenges (6)

Primary benefit: energy (cost) savings, mostly at negative cost over life cycle

Secondary benefits:

reduced carbon emissions increased environmental quality / healthiness inside & outside buildings / comfort & productivity / reduced public health expenditures reduced energy dependency (fossil sources) / reduced fuel poverty increased real estate value increased (temporary) local employment & economy / both lowly and highly skilled labour increased resilience to climate shocks through combined adaptation measures …

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Two cases

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(1) Gent Nieuwe Dokken: Brownfield Redevelopment

Image sources: web / Schipperskaai Development

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(1) Gent Nieuwe Dokken: gradual approach & temporary infill

Bataviabrug: soft link to city centre

Image sources: oudedokken.be / denieuwedokken.be

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(1) Gent Nieuwe Dokken: gradual approach & temporary infill

Grintbakken

Image sources: oudedokken.be

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(1) Gent Nieuwe Dokken: gradual approach & temporary infill

Image source: Stad Gent

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(1) Gent Nieuwe Dokken: gradual approach & temporary infill

Image source: Stad Gent

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(1) Gent Nieuwe Dokken: phased newbuilt 400 dwelling units (incl. cohousing) + public & private services, offices > 1500 dwelling units Sustainability criteria for services / transformable parking spaces / e-mobility incl. e-bikes, e-caddies / …

Image source: Schipperskaai Development

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(1) Gent Nieuwe Dokken: multifaceted approach

Stadsgebouw / Living boats Image sources : Xaveer De Geyter architects / oudedokken.be

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(1) Gent Nieuwe Dokken:

ZAWENT water & energy concept 2/3 residual heat 1/3 biogas fired CHP (+ grey water heat recovery) DH 55°C PV + batteries energy cooperative DuCoop vacuum toilets & kitchen grinders or classical organic fraction collection

Image source: Zawent / vlaamseklimaattop.be

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(1) Gent Nieuwe Dokken:

ZAWENT water & energy concept Behind this is the ZAWENT research & innovation project: Zero AfvalWater met Energie- en NutriëntenTerugwinning. ZAWENT in fact researches the feasibility of the DuCoop project in terms of: • business model • infrastructure needs • juridical aspects of public-private collaboration and shifting cash flows to the private partner. Building works start in 2017, sale of housing units is a big success Authors of ZAWENT however indicate that their concept is not feasible in an urban retrofit context www.oudedokken.be http://denieuwedokken.be www.ducoop.be http://sogent.be/projecten/de-nieuwe-dokken

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(2) Gent Dampoort KnapT OP!: Upscaled urban retrofit in a precarious area

2005-2007 first project with integrated collective renovation approach (‘emergency buyers’, fuel poverty, social employment goals) > 40 big renovations, 40 small renovations. Integrating subsidy schemes

2014-2016 Dampoort KnapT OP!, now with revolving fund, 10 emergency buyers are each funded 30.000 Euro prefinancing, to be paid back when dwelling is sold/quit.

Image sources: Kristof Gielen / Stad Gent / RenoseeC

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Key concepts: deburdening, coaching, prefinancing

Simultaneously realising social goals: cohesion & inclusion, community building, countering gentrification & burden shifting, professional integration

Transit dwelling provided by the city of Ghent in case of deep renovation

(2) Gent Dampoort KnapT OP!: Upscaled urban retrofit in a precarious area

Image sources: Kristof Gielen / Stad Gent