Post on 13-Jan-2016
description
WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 2009WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 2009
Sanitation in Developing Countries
Samir BENSAIDInstitut int. de l’Eau & de l’Assainissement, IEA
ONEPMorocco
The Crisis is not a fatality
WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 2009WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 20092
Sanitation in Developing CountriesAn Alarming Situation
WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 2009WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 20093
Sanitation in Developing CountriesOff track the MDGs-related
WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 2009WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 20094
Annual average costs of damage linked to environmental degradation (%GDP)
The Cost of Inaction
WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 2009WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 20095
(Source Haller L.,Hutton G., Bartram J. (2004) Estimating the costs and health benefits of water and sanitation improvements at global level WHO Geneva)
Economic benefitsof Sanitation Improvement
1/2 Highcost-
benefit
average
5.5
Sub Saharian
Africa8.9
North Africa23.5
WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 2009WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 20096
Economic benefitsof Sanitation Improvement
2/2
Specific IssueREUSE BenefitsIn addition of the economic benefits of REUSE linked to de-pollution,REUSE could provide an additional non conventional water resources (mainly in arid and semi-arid regions).
REUSE could be an ecological and sustainablealternative to Desalination
WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 2009WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 20097
Major Obstacles to Sanitation Improvement
Sanitation crisis is above all due to the weakness of the Political Willas shown by limited resources allocated to the sector: Ignorance of Sanitation benefits
Lack in integration of sanitation within water programs Water: In contradiction with IWRM and with a sustainable development
Dilemma between the Relative « High costs » to implement an Action Plan for Sanitation due to the huge gap to fill by one hand and the unwillingness of the poor people to pay the service by the other hand: Who should pay for negligence in sanitation in the past?
Inadequate choices in term of approach and technology,
Lack of Capacity Building including awareness & communication
WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 2009WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 20098
1. Setting Sanitation as a Priorityby Advocating “Right to Sanitation”
2. Integrating Financing programs for Water and Sanitation Responsibility of both governments and Donors
3. Subsidizing Sanitation through government budget. It’s not fair to make pay the mistakes of the past by only the water users
4. Fostering Public Operators as main tools for achieving MDG’ San. By Investing in Capacity Building and Sharing Common Knowledge (i.e PuP, WOP mechanisms, partnership SIAAP-ONEP, CENTA-ONEP…)
5. R&D for appropriate/sustainable Approaches & Technologies e.g. Sustainable Sanitation approaches enable the complete recoveryof all nutrients from faeces, urine and greywater to the benefit of agriculture, and the minimisation of water pollution
Major Key Issues For A Sustainable Strategy in Sanitation
SIAAP-ONEP
An exemplary
partnership
WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 2009WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 20099
I- The relevant perimeter to manage Sanitation?
How to deal with the dilemma between:- Managing sanitation services by local authorities and- IWRM approach which is rather operated at a catchment level & involves different water using sectors
II- Stormwater Management
Flooding is becoming increasingly a huge problem, because it generates human, environmental & economic disasters even in developing countries cities
II- Public or Private management?
Specific Key Issues to Debate
« An extensive review of 22 empirical tests and 48 case studies on the « An extensive review of 22 empirical tests and 48 case studies on the effect of private sector participation in water services has been effect of private sector participation in water services has been conducted.This survey shows that private sector participation, per se, in conducted.This survey shows that private sector participation, per se, in water supply does not systematically lead to gains in efficiency »water supply does not systematically lead to gains in efficiency ».Ref. OECD DEVELOPMENT CENTRE Working Paper No. 265 - Mars 2008 - PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION & REGULATORY REFORM IN WATER SUPPLY: THE SOUTHERN MEDITERRANEAN EXPERIENCE.
WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 2009WWF5 – Session 2.1.4 on Sanitation – S. Bensaid - Istanbul - 19 March 200910
Thank you for your attentionThank you for your attentionand your commentsand your comments
ContactContact
Samir BENSAIDSamir BENSAIDsamir.bensaid@gmail.com