Reproductive System

Male Anatomy & Physiology

Chapter 28

Basic Vocabulary• Gametes = sex cells (sperm & eggs), produced by

meiosis• Gonads = reproductive organs that produce gametes

(testes & ovaries) • Fertilization = process during which egg and sperm

unite• Zygote = fertilized egg• Gynecology = branch of medicine concerned with

treatment of female reproductive system• Urology = studies urinary system & disorders of male

reproductive system

Egg1n

Haploidnucleus

Fertilization Results In A Diploid Zygote

Sperm1nHaploid

nucleus

Sperm1n

Fertilization Results In A Diploid Zygote

Egg1n

Haploidnucleus

Haploidnucleus

Sperm1n

Fertilization Results In A Diploid Zygote

Egg1n

Haploidnucleus

Haploidnucleus

Sperm1n

Fertilization Results In A Diploid Zygote

Egg1n

Haploidnucleus

Haploidnucleus

Sperm1n

Fertilization Results In A Diploid Zygote

Egg1n

Haploidnucleus

Haploidnucleus

From Zygote to Embryo

Zygote2n

Zygote

2n

Cleavage

From Zygote to Embryo

Cleavage

From Zygote to Embryo

Cleavage

From Zygote to Embryo

Cleavage

From Zygote to Embryo

Morula

From Zygote to Embryo

• Puberty = process of physical changes by which a child’s body becomes an adult body capable of reproduction

• Puberty is initiated by production of FSH and LH which cause the development of secondary sexual characteristics

Secondary sexual characteristics

I. MALE ANATOMY• Scrotum = sac containing the testes; sperm develop

in the testes• Normal sperm production requires a temperature

about 2-3 degrees C below body T• Testes develop near kidneys and start descending

during the 7th month of fetal development

• Epididymis = site of sperm maturation• Vas deferens (or ductus deferens) = duct that

transports sperm from the epididymis towards the urethra

• Urethra = transports both semen & urine• Semen = sperm + the fluids secreted by accessory sex

glands

Accessory Sex Glands:• Seminal vesicles = glands that secrete alkaline

fructose rich fluid; used to neutralize acidic environment of male urethra & vagina; fructose is used for ATP production of sperm cells

• Seminal vesicles make 60% of the volume of semen

• Prostate gland = secretes slightly acidic fluid that contributes to sperm motility and viability

• Prostate gland makes up 25% of the volume of semen• Bulbourethral glands (Cowper’s glands) = secrete

an alkaline fluid into the urethra that protects the sperm by neutralizing acids from urethra

Bulbourethral gland