JR A&P SKELETAL SYSTEM

Janet. J. Nelson RN,CMA

FUNCTIONS

• Protect• Support• Muscle Attachment• Mineral Reserve• Hemopoiesis• Movement

Bone Composition

• Bone is a connective tissue with living cells.

With fibers and matrix

OsteoblastOsteocyteOsteoclast

Macroscopic structure of long bone

Cross section of long bone

Compact vs. Cancellous Bone

Microscopic Structure of Compact Bone

Microscopic Structure of Cancellous Bone

BONE CLASSIFICATIONS

• LONG• SHORT• FLAT• IRREGULAR

BONE MARKINGS-Depressions• FOSSA: a shallow basinlike depression • SINUS: a cavity within a bone• FORAMEN: a hole• MEATUS: a tube like passagePROJECTIONS OR PROCESSES• CONDYLE: a rounded knuckle-like prominence • HEAD: a bony expansion on a narrow neck

BONE MARKINGS for muscle attachment

• TROCHANTER: a very large irregular shaped process

• CREST: a ridge of bone• SPINE: a sharp slender projection • LINE: a narrow ridge• TUBEROSITY: a large rounded process• TUBERCLE: a small rounded process

BONE MARROW

PERIOSTEUM

BLOOD SUPPLY

Periosteum of bone

BONE FORMATION

• 3 months gestation skeleton is cartilage and fibrous membrane

Fontanels are unossified areas of the skull

Epiphysial Plate

• Epiphysial plate is an unossified area in the ephipysis of long bone

APPENDICULAR SKELETON

• Axial & Appendicular Skeleton

SHOULDER GIRDLE

CLAVICLE

SCAPULA

UPPER EXTREMITY

HUMERUS

BRACHIAL REGION

Olecranon Fossa

RADIUS & ULNA

• REMEMBER THE RADIUS IS ON THE THUMB SIDE AND ULNA ON THE PINKY SIDE

HAND

INNOMINATE BONE

NOTICE: ACETABULUM

Female vs. Male Pelvis

PATELLA

FOOT

ANY QUESTIONS ABOUT :”DEM BONES”?

http://www.kididdles.com/assets/songs/music/d009.mid

AXIAL SKELETON

• SKULL

FRONTAL BONE (anterior view)

FRONTAL BONE (inferior view)

SINUSES

PARANASAL SINUSES

PARIETAL BONE

TEMPORAL BONE

OCCIPITAL BONE

SPHENOID BONE

ETHMOID BONE

CRISTA GALLI & CRIBRIFORM PLATE

FACIAL BONES

MAXILLA

Mandible

SMALL FACIAL BONES

INFANT SKULL

AXIAL SKELETON CONT.

HYOID BONE

VERTEBRA

4TH LUMBAR VERTEBRA

ATLAS & AXIS

THORACIC CAGE

THREE TYPES OF CARTILAGE

• HYALINE:

• FIBROCARTILAGE:

• ELASTIC:

JOINTS

• SYNARTHROTIC JOINTS

• AMPHIARTHROTIC JOINTS

• DIARTHROTIC JOINTS

MOVEMENTS of Diarthrotic Joints

BURSA