Post on 05-Mar-2018
My grammar
revision guide!
Name: ______________
Class: ______________
Term Definition Type of question
Grammatical termsNoun A noun is a ‘naming’ word: a word
used for naming an animal, a person, a place or a thing.
There are different types of nouns: proper, common, collective and
uncountable.
Underline all of the nouns in the sentence. On Saturday, we often play in the park or our garden.
Add a noun to the sentence below.How many ______ have you got?
Proper Noun This is a noun used to name particular people and places: Bob, Doris, London… and some ‘times’: Monday, Easter, April… It always
begins with a capital letter.
Explain why some of the words in this sentence start with a capital letter.Last August, when Emilie went on holiday to Spain, she read The Chronicles of Narnia.
Verbs Verbs are actions or states happening now, in the past or in the
future.Actions can be things you can see
happening (e.g. run, jump, build) or they can be invisible actions (e.g.
think, imagine, hear, love)Frequently used verbs are be – am, is, are, was; have – have, has, had.
Circle the two verbs in the sentence below.
Leaves fall from the trees in the autumn but they grow again in the
spring.
Tick one box to show the verb.Jo, the oldest girl in my class, often
wears a funny hat.
Modal verbs A modal verb is a word that tells you how possible, or necessary, an action
is (e.g. might, may, can, will)A modal verb is used together with another verb (e.g. He can run. She
might win.).
Circle one modal verb in the sentence.If it rains, you must bring an umbrella
and wear your wellies.
Tick the sentence which is least likely to happen.
Alex can go to the cinema on Friday.Sam will bring her sister to the party.Jo may be singing in the show tonight.Jay could arrive at any time.
Present and past progressive continuous
Progressive tenses refer to an action that is continuous. (E.g. I am reading this book at the
moment).Progressive tenses are made of two parts: the verb ‘to be’ + a verb
ending in – ing.Present progressive = I am running;
you are skipping; he/she or it is jumping; we/they are hopping.
Past progressive = I was reading; you were writing; he/she or it was
watching; we/they were looking.
Sentence Present progressive
Archie is cooking tea for us.Lucy wants to make a drink.The children are waiting for their teacher.We will arrive home tomorrow.
Tick the sentences which are written using the present progressive tense.
Fill in the gaps using the past progressive form of the verbs.
While I _________ hard on my homework,
my sister ________ on the sofa.
Present perfect forms of verbs
Perfect forms have two parts. The present perfect tense refers to an activity that begins in the past and continues in the present (e.g. We
Underline the verb in the sentence below in the present perfect tense.We moved to the country three
years ago and we have lived here
to work
to relax
have lived here for five years).
The past perfect tense shows that one action has happened before
another when both are in the past (e.g. I had seen you before you
saw me).
since then.
Fill in the gaps in the sentence, using the present perfect form of the verbs.
Leo________ his lines for the school
play and his dad ________ him make
his costume.
Adjectives Adjectives describe nouns. They may be in front of the noun (e.g. a
hungry dog) or after a noun (e.g. the dog is hungry).
Interrogative adjectives – e.g. what, which. They are used to ask
questions about a noun. (E.g. Which hat do you prefer?).
Comparatives and superlatives are special types of adjectives that are
used to compare two or more things. (e.g. bigger, biggest, smaller,
smallest).
Complete the sentence using the word danger as an adjective.
When the river floods, __________
Tick one box in each row to show whether the underlined words are adjectives or verbs.
Sentence Adjective
Verb
The running water overflowed the top of
the bath.The dog buried a bone beneath the
tree.You must radio for
help as soon as you can.
Never trust a smiling crocodile.
Conjunctions Conjunctions join clauses.The different types of conjunctions
are:Coordinating conjunctions: for, and,
nor, but, or, yet, so (FANBOYS)Subordinating conjunctions:
because, as, so, if, although, despite, unless, when, after, before, while, since, during, once,
where.
In the past we may have called some of these words connectives.
Add the most suitable conjunction from the box to the sentence.
Tom was playing by the pond ________ Alex was digging in the sand pit.
Add two subordinating conjunctions to the sentence below.
________ you are my best friend, sometimes I like to play with Sajad.
________ he likes to climb trees and you don’t.
Pronouns Pronouns are words that take the place of nouns in a sentence. They help to avoid repeating the same
words. There are different types of pronouns:
Personal pronouns: I, you, she, it, we, they, me, you, him, her it, us,
the.Possessive pronouns: mine, yours,
his, hers, its, ours, theirs.Relative pronouns: who, which,
when, where, that.You can decide if a word is a pronoun by testing whether you can replace it
with a noun.Remember: I and me are pronouns!
Circle all of the pronouns in the sentence.While you were watching television, I
made you supper.
Which pairs of pronouns complete the sentence below?
The car wouldn’t start so ______ had to ask someone to help _______.I my we is you my they us
Explain why the underlined pronoun is used in the passage below.Alexandra was ready for the match. She was looking forward to it.
Tick the correct box to indicate the type of pronoun.
Sentence Possessive
Relative
My friend is having a swimming party.I have a baby brother who is more annoying than you.
Possessive pronouns
Relative pronouns
Adverbs An adverb tells you more about the verb (it ‘adds’ to the verb). It nearly always answers the questions: How?
When? Where? or Why?Most adverbs in English end in –ly
and come from adjectives:E.g. soft – softly; slow – slowly.
Some words can be either adverbs or
Tick two boxes to show the sentences below that contain adverbial phrases.
They love watching funny cartoons.Later that day we all shared pizza.We ran as fast as we could.Our television was broken.
Rewrite the sentence below, moving the adverbial to the end.More slowly than a snail, Josh put on his
Adverbial phrases
unless if while where
adjectives depending on what they do in a sentence, e.g. fast, hard, late.If they answer the questions: How? When? Where? or Why? – they are
adverbs.If they answer the question: “What is it like?” - they are adjectives, and will be telling you more about a specific
noun.
coat._____________________________________
Add a suitable adverbial to complete the sentence.The museum opens a new exhibition ___________________________________________ .Tick one box to show which part of the sentence is an adverbial.Everyone in our class, has brought a
picnic to eat in the new nature garden.
Prepositions A preposition is a word that often gives information about time or
place.The different types of prepositions
are:
Prepositions of time: after, at before, by, for, to, until.
Prepositions of place: at, above, by, between, beside, from, into, next,
onto, through.
Prepositions are followed by a noun or noun phrase (e.g. on the table,
behind a damaged tree).
Circle all the prepositions in the passage below.
Felix was sitting beside the teacher. He could see the park in the distance
through the open window and imagined he was there, playing on the swings.
Tick one box in each row to show whether the word until is used as a preposition or
conjunction.Sentence until
preposition
untilconjunctio
nWe can’t leave for the airport until I find the passports.You can stay up until midnight on New Year’s eve.Sam is visiting his grandma until the weekend.
Determiners A determiner is a word that shows whether you are referring to a noun in general or in particular. It usually comes at the beginning of a noun
phrase.
There are lots of different determiners but the ones you need
to know are:a words: a, an, any
th words: the, that, this, these, those
quantity words: all, some, any, much, more, many
Numbers: three, fifty, one thousandRemember – that an is used in front of a word beginning with vowel a e i
o u or a silent h.
Add the correct determiners to the sentence below.
Please can I have ______ apple, ______ bananas or ________ orange for my lunch.
Re-write the sentence below, changing the determiner.
I really like those shoes.____________________________________
Circle all of the determiners in the passage below.
The detectives couldn’t find any evidence of a burglary so they returned
to their police station.
Sentence typesStatements A statement gives information. It
always ends in a full-stop.These are sentences which state
facts.e.g.: It is hot.
The butter is in the fridge.
Write a question with this answer.___________________________ Yes, please.
Write this question as a command.Can you open the window?_______________________________
Add a question mark ? or exclamation mark ! to the sentences below.
How awful _____How do you do _____What do you think _____What a day _____Are these sentences statements or commands?
Sentence Statement
Command
Questions A question asks someone for more information, or to do something. It
ends with a question mark and often includes a question word (e.g. what,
when, where, who, why, how).
e.g.: Are you hot?Where is the butter?
Commands A command orders someone to do something. It begins with a verb.
e.g.: Play the movie.Give me a dinosaur for my birthday.
You all need to understand so listen carefully to the instructions.My tyre was punctured straightaway by some broken glass.Before you leave, pick up the rubbish.We must make a bonfire to burn all the fallen leaves.
Exclamations An exclamation expresses an emotion, such as surprise or joy. It
begins with How or What and ends with an exclamation mark.e.g. What a lovely present!
Words, phrases and clausesClause A clause is a part of a sentence with
a verb in it.
A main clause makes sense on its own.
Two main clauses are joined together by the coordinating conjunctions.
A Subordinate clause is not a complete sentence. It includes a
subordinating conjunction.
The subordinate clause can appear before, inside or after a main clause.
Underline the subordinate clause in each sentence below.
While you were playing outside, I finished my book.
We will go for a picnic unless it rains.
Add the correct word to complete the subordinate clause.
The museum has a variety of exciting exhibitions ________ the most popular is the Roman village __________ it is located on the ground floor. School groups are invited to
dress up in Roman clothing _________ would like to do so.
Sentence Mainclaus
e
Subordinate clause
The summer weather is usually warm although sometimes we get rain.
If you scatter breadcrumbs on the grass, the ducks will
come.We don’t need to bring wellies unless it rains.Picking up litter is a
school rule.
Main clause/ subordinate clause
Relative clause A relative clause adds extra information about a noun or noun
phrase. The sentence makes sense without it.
A relative clause on its own is not a complete sentence.
It often begins with who, which, when, where, that.
A relative clause is a type of subordinate clause.
Circle the relative clause in the sentence below.
Mickey won a trophy, which was a large silver cup, at his athletics competition.
Add the correct relative pronoun.The photograph __________ is hanging in the school hall reminds us of the day
_________ the Queen came to visit.Sentence that as
a relative clause
that as a determine
r
The judge preferred that picture to this one.
Games of chess that last for hours are hard work.
I would like to watch that film at the weekend.
The door that leads to the fire escape should not be locked.
Noun phrase A phrase is a group of words which does not make complete sense on its own and does not contain a verb; it is not a complete sentence: e.g.: up the
mountain.
A noun phrase includes the noun and any adjectives to describe it.
A noun phrase gives detail to a noun. The determiner is part of the
noun phrase.
Information about the noun can appear in front of or after the noun,
or in both places.
Add your own words to the sentence below to expand the noun phrase.Dino has a _________ __________ game.
Underline the longest possible noun phrase in the sentence below.The shed at the end of the garden is quite creepy.
Which of these sentences contain noun phrases.
Large dogs are not allowed in the playground.Please give it to me.Finlay took his brother’s new computer game.You are taller and stronger than me.
Standard EnglishSubject-verb agreement
In the present tense, regular verbs change according to how many
people are doing them (e.g. I am eating dinner. We are eating
dinner).
To be correct you must know the difference between singular (just one) and plural (more than one)
subjects.
Circle the correct words to complete the sentences below.
Miss Bennett is/are talking in class.Our team is/are trying hard to win the
competition.New flowers is/are appearing each day.
Match each subject with two correct verbs.eat
it believethey grows does
Subject and object All sentences contain a subject. This tells you who or what does the
action.
Some sentences contain an object. The object is who or what the action
is done to.
There can be more than one subject and more than one object in a
sentence.
Write S (subject) or O (object) in the two boxes for the sentence below.
Bethan trains her dog every day.
Rewrite the sentence below, changing the object.
The rabbits escaped from the hutch.
Circle all the subjects in the passage below.While he was waiting for his mum, Oscar listened to the radio in the car. Alysha, his favourite singer, was talking to the
presenter about her music.Formal/Informal
Active and passive Most sentences are written in the active voice (e.g. George broke
the window).They follow a subject + verb + object
order.Sometimes, a different word order is used: object + verb + subject. (e.g.
The window was broken by George).
This is called the passive voice.The passive voice is used when:
The writer wants to focus on the object.The writer doesn’t want to tell who did the action.The person is unknown.It doesn’t matter who did it.
Tick the sentence below that uses that passive voice.
Oscar drew a super picture.I love watching films.The cats played with a ball of string.Trees had been knocked over by the wind.
Rewrite the sentence in the passive voice.Hammed won the prize.
Rewrite the sentence in the active voice.The remains of the cake were eaten by the dog.
Subjunctive verb forms
The subjunctive verb form can be used when the speaker suggests or
recommends something and wants to sound formal.
The subjunctive can be used in sentences that suggest or
recommend (e.g. I suggest that...; He recommends that…; She
advises that…; We insist that…).
The subjunctive often uses the verb to be in an unusual way (e.g. If I
were you.. or I wish I were stronger…).
Circle the subjunctive form to complete the sentence below.
Olivia recommended that Sam sign/signs up for the school basketball team.
Tick one box to show the sentence written in the subjunctive form.
If you look in the cupboard, you will find your pencils.If I were you, I would save a little money each month.If I find your pencil case, I will tell you.
Rewrite the verb underlined in the sentence below.We suggest that he starts the test again.____________________________________
PunctuationCapital letters Every sentence begins with a capital
letter and ends with a full stop, exclamation mark or question
mark.
Add a tick in each row to show what kind of punctuation is needed.
? ! .What a lovely cake
What time does the race start
When you see Mark, please give him this letter.
Full-stopsQuestion marks
Exclamation marks
Commas in lists Used between a list of three or more words to replace the word and for all
but the last instance.Jenny’s favourite subjects are maths,
literacy and art.The giant had a large head, hairy
ears and two big, beady eyes.
Tick two boxes to show where the commas should go in the sentence below.
My favourite sports are football
basketball tennis and athletics.
Explain why a comma is used in the sentence below.My dog likes chasing a ball, learning new tricks and sleeping by the fire.____________________________________
Add commas to the passage below.Alfie uses a telescope to see the night sky the moon and the stars. Whenever the night is clear he looks at the stars.
Explain how a comma changes the meaning of the sentence below.
Will you help, Mark?Will you help Mark?
____________________________________
Add one comma to the sentence below.Running as fast as they could the children escaped from the dragon’s lair.
Commas to clarify meaning
To indicate contrast:The snake was brown, not green, and it was quite small.
Where the phrase (embedded clause) could be in brackets:The recipe, which we hadn't tried before, is very easy to follow.
Where the phrase adds relevant information:Mr Hardy, aged 68, ran his first marathon five years ago.
To mark a subordinate clause:If at first you don't succeed, try again.Though the snake was small, I still feared for my life.
Inverted commas Inverted commas are sometimes called speech marks. Inverted
commas are put around what the speaker says.
This is written as: Daisy said, “I love swimming.”Or, “I love swimming,” said Daisy.
A new speech sentence starts with a capital letter (even if it is in the middle of another sentence).
Separate what was said from the speaker with a comma unless there is a ? or !. “That was funny!” said Freddie.
If the speech is at the beginning of the sentence, put a comma after what is said. “That was funny,” said Freddie.
If the speech is at the end of the sentence put a comma after said.Gemma said, “I love a joke.”
Add one comma and one full stop to each of the sentences below.“ My sister is a champion dancer “ boasted ArchieLucia added “ My brother can dance well too “
Tick one box to show the sentence that is correctly punctuated.
“Let’s play one of your computer games,” suggested Amelie.“Look at the elephant directed Mr Archer.”“Shall we go out in the rain”? asked the children.I love playing in the rain,” said Emily”.
Rewrite the sentence below adding correct punctuation.We won the match shouted the team.
Why are inverted commas used in the sentence below?“Would you like to come for a walk?” asked Madeline.
Punctuation for parenthesis
A parenthesis is an ‘extra’ part of the sentence. The sentence can
make sense without it. There are 3 forms of punctuating parenthesis: commas, dashes and brackets.
A parenthesis can be used to:
Which sentence below uses commas correctly?
James despite being the chattiest boy, in the class, still managed to complete his work.James despite being the chattiest boy in the class, still managed to complete his work.
* give examples: Goats will eat almost anything (grass, vegetables, bits of rubbish);* add information: Bats, a protected species, must not be killed.* add a comment: Edward – late as usual- finally arrived at school.
James, despite being the chattiest boy in the class, still managed to complete his work.James, despite being the chattiest boy in the class still managed to complete, his work.
Add brackets to the sentence below.Before we leave on holiday, my dad goes through his checklist passport, tickets, toothbrush as he starts the car.
Explain why parenthesis have been used in the sentence below.Many members of the family (grandparents, cousins, aunts, and uncles) are coming to the party.
Colons Colons, semi-colons and single dashes can all be used to mark the
boundary between independent clauses.
They make a link between two sentences with linked ideas.
Colons can be used to introduce a list.
Hyphens are used to link two words together to make a compound noun.
Add a single dash to the sentence below.At the weekend, we went to the beach
and looked for interesting stones beneath the cliff it was a lovely day.
Rewrite the information below, correctly using a colon.
For her birthday, we bought my grandma her favourite flowers (daffodils, tulips and roses).
Add a semi-colon to the passage below.The light on the street corner flickered it
would soon be completely dark.
Semi-colonsSingle dashes
Hyphens
LanguageSynonyms and
antonymsSynonyms are words that have the
same meaning.Antonyms are words that have the
opposite meaning.
Write an antonym for the words below.love ___________quiet __________comfortable __________modern ____________
Tick the word closest in meaning to concur.agree argue conquer cure
Which word is a synonym of antiquated?old-fashioned half-heartedopen-minded sharply dressed
Prefixes Prefixes are added at the beginning of a root word.
Prefixes usually change the meaning of a word. (e.g. agree – disagree).
Most prefixes are added without any change in spelling.
Some prefixes have negative meanings e.g. dis + appoint, mis +
behavePrefixes can be used for a range of
meanings:re = again or back sub = under
inter = between super = autoanti = against auto = self
Which prefix can be added to both words below?
____________septic____________social
Add a prefix from below to make each of the words correct.
aqua sub auto
_________graph_________aqua
_________marine
Suffixes Suffixes are added to the end of a word to make a new word.
Suffixes usually change a word’s form (e.g. an adjective to a noun:
clever – cleverness).Adding ‘ish’ to child – childishAdding ‘able’ to like – likeable
Adding ‘ion’ to act – action
Add suffixes to make these words nouns.
joyful ________direct ________build________
Add a suffix to make this word an adjective.
truth_______
Underline the suffixes in the words below.
rapidly slowness faster
Word families Root words are words that have a meaning of their own but can be
added to either with a prefix (before the root) or a suffix (after the root) to
change the meaning of the word. Root words can often be helpful in finding out what a word means or
where it is ‘derived’ from.
Many words are related in form and meaning; these are known as word
families.Words that belong to a family usually share the same root word or prefix.
For example:sign signature design
auto automatic autobiographyscience scientific
Add another word to this word familyPatience _____________
Write the root word for this word familyposter postage imposter
Underline the word that belongs to the same word family as cent, meaning one hundred.
ascent centurion century descent scented
Write a sentence using curve as a noun.
________________________________
Write a sentence using curve as a verb.
______________________________
Useful grammar revision websites
http://www.compare4kids.co.uk/literacy.php
http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks2/english/spelling_grammar/
http://www.topmarks.co.uk/Interactive.aspx?cat=47
http://resources.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/interactive/literacy2.htm
http://www.crickweb.co.uk/ks2literacy.html
http://learnenglishkids.britishcouncil.org/en/grammar
http://www.funbrain.com/grammar/Apps