Chapter 1 Medical Terminology

The Language Of The Language Of MedicineMedicine1010thth edition edition

Davi-Ellen ChabnerDavi-Ellen Chabner

Chapter 1Basic Word Structure

Chapter Goals• Identify basic objectives to guide your

study of the medical language.• Divide medical words into their

component parts.• Learn the meanings of basic combining

forms, prefixes, and suffixes of the medical language.

• Use these combining forms, prefixes, and suffixes to build medical words.

Chapter 1Lesson 1.1

Objectives in Studying The Medical Language

• Analyze words by dividing them into component parts.

• Relate the medical terms to the structure and function of the human body.

• Be aware of spelling and pronunciation problems.

QUICK QUIZ:

1. All medical terms have:A. a combining vowelB. two rootsC. a suffixD. a prefix

QUICK QUIZ: (cont’d)

2. Which element appears at the beginning of a medical term?

A. SuffixB. PrefixC. Combining vowelD. Combining form

Word Analysis

HEMAT/O/LOGY

Word Analysis (cont’d)

HEMAT/O/LOGY root suffix combining vowel

hemat means blood-logy means process of study

Important elements:Root: foundation of the termSuffix: word endingPrefix: word beginningCombining vowel: vowel (usually o) that links

the root to the suffix or the root to another root and aids pronunciation

Combining form: combination of the root and the combining vowel

ELECTR/O/CARDI/O/GRAM

ELECTR/O/CARDI/O/GRAM root root suffix combining vowels

electr means electricitycardi means heart-gram means record

GASTR/ITIS

GASTR/ITIS root suffix gastr means stomach-itis means inflammation

Note: Drop combining vowel when suffix starts with a vowel (as in “itis”)

GASTR/O/ENTER/O/LOGY

GASTR/O/ENTER/O/LOGY root root suffix combining vowels

gastr means stomachenter means intestines-logy means process of study

THREE General Rules:

1. Read the meaning of medical terms from the suffix back to the beginning of the term and across

2. Drop the combining vowel (usually o) before a suffix beginning with a vowel: gastritis not “gastroitis”

3. Keep the combining vowel between two roots: gastroenterology not “gastrenterology”

HYPO/GASTR/IC

HYPO/GASTR/IC prefix root suffix hypo- means belowgastr means stomach-ic means pertaining to

EPI/GASTR/IC

EPI/GASTR/IC prefix root suffix epi- means abovegastr means stomach-ic means pertaining to

Combining Forms

aden/o_________

arthr/o_________

bi/o _________

carcin/o _________

cardi/o_________

Combining FormCombining Form Meaning Meaning

Combining Forms (cont’d)

aden/o gland

arthr/o joint

bi/o life

carcin/o cancerous, cancer

cardi/o heart

Combining FormCombining Form MeaningMeaning

QUICK QUIZ:

3. Which term means inflammation of the gland?

A. ArthritisB. AdenitisC. AdenomaD. Cephalic

Combining Forms

cephal/o _________

cerebr/o _________

cis/o _________

crin/o _________

cyst/o _________

cephal/o head

cerebr/o cerebrum

cis/o to cut

crin/o to secrete

cyst/o urinary bladder

cyt/o _________

derm/o or dermat/o _________

electr/o _________

encephal/o _________

enter/o _________

cyt/o cell

derm/o or dermat/o skin

electr/o electricity

encephal/o brain

enter/o intestines

QUICK QUIZ:

4. Which term means study of cells?A. CystoscopyB. CystitisC. CytologyD. Hematology

Combining Forms

erythr/o _________

gastr/o _________

glyc/o _________

gnos/o _________

gynec/o _________

hemat/o or hem/o _________

erythr/o red

gastr/o stomach

glyc/o sugar

gnos/o knowledge

gynec/o woman, female

hemat/o or hem/o blood

hepat/o _________

iatr/o _________

leuk/o _________

log/o _________

nephr/o_________

neur/o _________

hepat/o liver

iatr/o treatment, physician

leuk/o white

log/o study of

nephr/okidney

neur/o nerve

onc/o _________

ophthalm/o _________

oste/o _________

path/o _________

ped/o _________

onc/o tumor

ophthalm/o eye

oste/o bone

path/o disease

ped/o child

psych/o _________

radi/o _________

ren/o _________

rhin/o _________

sarc/o _________

psych/o mind

radi/o x-rays

ren/o kidney

rhin/o nose

sarc/o flesh

sect/o _________

thromb/o _________

ur/o _________

sect/o to cut

thromb/o clot, clotting

ur/o urinary tract, urine

Suffixes

-ac _________

-al _________

-algia _________

-cyte _________

-ectomy _________

Suffixes (cont’d)

-ac pertaining to

-al pertaining to

-algia pain

-cyte cell

-ectomy excision, removal

QUICK QUIZ:

5. Which suffix means to “cut out” or remove?A.-ectomyB. -scopyC. -itisD.-opsy

Suffixes

-emia _________

-genic _________

-globin _________

-gram _________

-ic, ical _________

Suffixes (cont’d)

-emia blood condition

-genic produced by or in

-globin protein

-gram record

-ic, ical pertaining to

Suffixes (cont’d)

-ion _________

-ist _________

-itis _________

-logy _________

-oma _________

Suffixes (cont’d)

-ion process

-ist specialist

-itis inflammation

-logy process of study

-oma tumor, mass, swelling

Suffixes (cont’d)

-opsy _________

-osis _________

-pathy _________

-scope _________

-scopy _________

Suffixes (cont’d)

-opsy process of viewing

-osis condition, usually abnormal

-pathy disease condition

-scope instrument to visually examine

-scopy process of visually examining

Suffixes (cont’d)

-sis _________

-tomy _________

-y _________

Suffixes (cont’d)

-sis state of; condition

-tomy process of cutting, incision

-y process, condition

Prefixes

a-, an- _________

aut-, auto _________

dia- _________

end-, endo- _________

epi- _________

ex-, exo- _________

Combining Form MeaningCombining Form Meaning

Prefixes (cont’d)

a-, an- no, not, without

aut-, auto- self, own

dia- complete, through

endo- within

epi- above, upon

ex-, exo- out, outside of, outward

Combining Form Combining Form MeaningMeaning

Prefixes (cont’d)

hyper- _________

hypo- _________

in- _________

peri- _________

pro- _________

Prefixes (cont’d)

hyper- excessive, above, more than normal

hypo- deficient, below, under, less than normal

in- into, in

peri- surrounding, around

pro- before, forward

Combining Form Combining Form Meaning Meaning

Prefixes (cont’d)

re- _________

retro- _________

sub- _________

trans- _________

Prefixes (cont’d)

re- back, backward, again

retro- behind

sub- below, under

trans- across, through

Pronunciation of Terms

• When ¯ is above a vowel, the sound is long. For example:

ā as in āpe

ō as in ōpen

• When ˘ is above a vowel, the sound is short. For example:

ă as in ăpple

ŏ as in pŏt

• The capitalized syllable is accented.

Pronunciation of Terms (cont’d)

Examples:

adenitis ăd-ĕ-Nī-tĭs

biology bī-OL-ō-jē

cephalic se-FĂL-ĭk

iatrogenic i-ăt-rō-JĔN-ĭk

resection rē-SĔK-shŭn

Chapter 1 Medical Terminology

Education

Transcript of Chapter 1 Medical Terminology

Medical Terminology I Muscular System Chapter 15.

Chapter 001 Medical Terminology

Medical Terminology Dr. Kelly Chapter 9. Medical Terminology UNIT 9 Directions and Regions of the body Click to start Chapter 9.

Cardiovascular System Pathology Medical Terminology Chapter 5.

Medical Terminology Dr. Kelly Chapters 5 and 6. Medical Terminology Click to start Chapter 5.

Medical Terminology Chapter 02

Medical Terminology - Cabrillo Collegelschneider/Chapter 1 GYS.pdfNEW MEDICAL TERMS ARE BEING ... MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY IS AN EVER EXPANDING LANGUAGE ... with some additional influence

10-501-101Medical Terminology 1 Endocrine System Medical Terminology Chapter 17.

Medical Terminology Dr. Kelly Chapters 7. Medical Terminology Click to start Chapter 7.

Chapter 1 Introduction To Medical Terminology

Chapter 1: Introduction to Medical Terminology. MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY The process of dividing medical words into component parts. Analysis of words will.

MASTERING Medical Terminology MASTERING Medical · MASTERING Medical Terminology ... Exercises 297 Chapter 14 Urinary system 308 Objectives 308 ... Chapter 15 Male reproductive system

Medical Terminology Chapter 5

Chapter 9 Medical Terminology and Chapter 20 Body Structures: THE URINARY SYSTEM

The Respiratory System Medical Terminology Chapter 7 Mr. Robert.

Chapter 5 Academic Knowledge: Medical Terminology and Body ...

Chapter 3 Medical Terminology and Chapter 6 Body Structures THE SKELETAL SYSTEM.

Chapter 9 Medical Terminology

The Skeletal System Chapter 3 Medical Terminology.

Medical Terminology get connected! CHAPTER Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Medical Terminology: get connected! Suzanne.