TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA
VILLAGE COUNCIL TE MAWHPHURHNA
Ministry of Panchayati Raj
Government of India
ACTIVE PANCHAYAT BOOK II
Translated by: State Institute of Rural Development, Mizoram
www.sirdmizoram.in
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
2
CONTENTS
BUNG 1 ..................................................................................................................................... 7
KAM KEUNA: ........................................................................................................................... 7
BUNG 2 ..................................................................................................................................... 9
VILLAGE COUNCIL TE MAWHPHURHNA: ......................................................................... 9
BUNG 3 ................................................................................................................................... 16
TUI INTUR LAKNA HNARTE LEH TUI LAKNA DAN PHUNG HRANGTE ......................... 16
BUNG 4 ................................................................................................................................... 20
TLO LEH DAIHZAI ZAWK A TUI THIANGHLIM LAK DAN CHU ....................................... 20
BUNG 6 ................................................................................................................................... 41
THINGTLANGA TUI THIANGHLIM NEIHNA TURA RUAHMANNA................................. 41
BUNG 7 ................................................................................................................................... 49
HMALAKNA LEH A ENKAWL ZUINA (O&M) LEH REVENUE MANAGEMENT ........... 49
BUNG 8 ................................................................................................................................... 62
CHHIATNA THLEN LAIA TUI LAM ENKAWLNA ................................................................ 62
BUNG 9 ................................................................................................................................... 67
THINGTLANGA TUI THIANGHLIMNA TURA RUAHMANNA .......................................... 67
BUNG 10 ................................................................................................................................. 72
NATIONAL RURAL DRINKING WATER PROGRAMME .................................................. 72
BUNG 11 ................................................................................................................................. 81
GRAM SABHA MEMBER I NIHNA A I TIH TUR BITUK HLEN NGEI TUR TE CHU .......... 81
TUI INTUR LAMA ZAWHNA TE (DRINKING WATER QUIZ) ............................................. 83
ABBREVIATIONS: ................................................................................................................... 87
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
3
Forword
Tui hi nunna atan thiltul tak, a lo a kan awm theih loh a ni
a, khua leh tui tu mai pawh hian tui thianghlim hnianghnara
neih hi kan chanvo a ni. Kum engemaw chen atang khan leihnuaia
tui te hi a kangin a tlem chho zel a ni tih leh tui lakna
hnarte an lo bawlhlawh chho mek a ni tih hretu te kan ni. He
harsatna hneh tur hian, Village Council te chu India
Constitution- in a beisei angin mawh phurtu pawimawh tak an
ni a. Village Council te mawhphurhna hian- tui mamawh a nih
dan hriatchian te, ruahmanna siam kawngah te, mipui vantlang
telve na tur te, scheme hmanga hnathawh te, tui a lo
thianghlim na tur a enkawl leh vil thuah te, a man bithlih leh
khawn thu te hi a huam vek a ni.
Village Council a tui thianghlim leh natna laka him neihan tur
a ruahmannaah hian- tui hna venhim leh tih chak tharna te, tui
thianghlim neih nana enfiahna leh hmalakna te leh vil zuina
te, a telin chu chuan mipui te hriselna a siam thain tui vang
zel tur a veng bawk a ni. Tui thianghlim neih a nihna tur leh
mimalin, sikul, anganwadi leh vantlang hmun dangah te tui pek
ngei a nihna tur chuan Village Council a tanga khua a mi cheng
te chu an thawh a ngai a ni.
He lehkhabu, Drinking Water in Village Councils, tih hi
„Active Panchayat‟ lehkha bu hrang hrang zinga bu hnihna a ni
a. Village Council a mipui thlan, hruaitu te leh sawrkar mi te
tana buatsaih a ni. He lehkha bu hian Village Council huama
mipui thlan hruaitu te leh sawrkar mite hrilhriat, thiamna
neihtir leh tihchak chu a tum a ni.
Village Council a Thlantlin te leh sawrkar mi te chu he
lehkhabu hi en fo tur leh thawhpui te nena sawihona nei thin
tur leh Vantlang inkhawm na ah te sawi ho turin ka sawm a.
Panchayat a thlan tlin te leh thawktu, tui bawk sit e tan he
thupui hmang hian lehkhabu tha zawk rawn chhuah leh tum a ni
bawk.
State Rural Development leh Panchayati Raj department leh
State Institutes of Rural Development (SIRDs) te chu he
lehkhabu hi an state tawng tuallenga letling tur leh state a
hman remchan zawk natur a tih danglam a ngaihna a ti danglam
turin ka sawm/ ngen a. He lehkhabu a thu ziak te hi midang
hnenah a tam thei ang berin an hrilhin an puang zar bawk tur a
ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
4
Upendra Kushwaha
Minister of State for Panchayati Raj
Government of India
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
5
Sri Dasarathi Gamango
Sarpanch,
Chheligada Village Council
R.Udayagiri Block, Dist. Gajapati
Odisha
Sawmna (An Appeal)
Village Council a ka thian zawng zawng te,
Tui harsatna leh vanna hi kan awmna hmuna buaina pui ber chu a
ni a. A bik takin, Tribal te Panchayat ah tui harsatna chu
nasa tak a ni. Constitution Amentment vawi 73rd na in a sawi
angina, Thingtlang in tina tui intur pek chu 11th schedule ah
telh a niin Village Council te chu a thawktu leh mawhphurtu
pawimawh ber an ni. In hriat ang khan India sorkar chuan
Programme pawimawh tak mai- Thingtlang khua a intin t etui
pekna tur- National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) a
duangin a hmang mek a ni. He Programme hlawhtlinna tur hian
Village Council te chu an pawimawh in mawhphurtu ber an ni.
Thian te u, intina an kawt kai leh an inchhunga tui her haw
mai theih tura tui pek chu tunah chuan mumang leh duh thusam
ang chauh a ni tih chu kan pawm tlan dan a ni. Kan block a
thingtlang khaw tlemte chauhin pipe hmanga tui pekna hi an la
nei a. Pipe hmanga thingtlang khaw tamtaka tui lakna te chu
hmarraw mamawh awm vek chung pawhin hman theih pawh a ni lo a.
heng zawng zawng hi hmanrua heng handpump, tui chhunchhuah,
pipe I lo vel enkawl that loh vang te, a inrelbawlna lam fel
tawk lo- a hman man khawn that loh vangte, a man pek that tawk
loh vang te a ni.
Thiante u, Sorkar mi te ringawt hian tui intur pek hi an ti
hlawh tling thei lo tih hi ka hrilh duh che u a. Panchayat ten
heng harsatna te hi fell eh dik takin an siam tha tur a ni.
Tui lakna chu mipuiin an ta neih rualin a lo phuisui mai dawn
a ni. Mipui te hian tui lakna kawngah hian dan phal thlapin
thutlukna an siam thei a ni.
“Tui hi nunna a ni” a thianghlim a nih chuan. Kan fate chu tui
thianghlim lo in avanga natna leh thihna hial tawng turin kan
dah thei lo. Thingtlang a nu ho te hi inchunga hman tur tui
chawi turin an thawkrim tawk a ni. Thingtlanga a naupang
thihna thlen chhan lian ber chu tui thianghlim lo in leh hman
vang a ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
6
Tui intur te hi mipui vantlang ta a ni a. chuvang chuan,
mitinin tui thianghlim leh hrisel intur neih hi an dikna
chanvo a ni. Sorkar pawhin mipui ten tui an mamawh khawp an
neih theih nana thawh leh mi chanhai zawk leh khawngaih phu
zawk ten an chang ve bawk tur a ni tih hi a chian tur a ni.
Keimah anga mipui thlan, ka thian te hian mipui vantlang te
chu Gram Sabha (Vantlang inkhawm) a an tel tam deuh deuh na
tur a an kaihhruai chuan ka lawm hle ang. Tui intur chungchang
chu Gram sabha ah chuan ngaihtuah leh sawiho hmasak ber ni se.
hmeichhia te pawh he inkhawm ah hian tel/ phusa berah hmang I
la, a buai ber kha an ni si a. he a huho a tan na hian
thingtlang mite chu min ti hrisel anga ram hmasawna tur a tan
pawh a vat ha dawn em.
In vaia chungah ka lawm e.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
7
BUNG 1
KAM KEUNA: Tui hi Nunna a ni a thianghlim chuan:
Tui hi nunna atana thil tul tak a niin mihringte leh thilnung
zawng zawngte tan nun khawchhuah nana mamawh ber pakhat a ni
a. Mihring hian dan naranin nitin tuithianghlim litres li (4)
nun khawchhuah nan kan mamawh a- hei hi thil mak a ni lo, a
chhan chu kan taksa za a sawmsarih (70%) hi tui a niin
chutiang khawpa pawimawh chu a ni reng a ni. Tui thianghlim
dawn that tawk loh avang leh kan tuiin thianghlim tawk loh
avangin dinhmun hlauhawmah kan awmin chona tam tak kan nei a
ni. Tin, Khawvel hmun za a sawmsarih (70%) hi tui a ni a,
chung zinga za a 0.7% chuah chu mihring leh ramsa te tana
hmantlak a ni. Heng tui hmantheih tlemte te hi kan
tihbawlhlawh mek avang hian kan dinmun mai bakah thil nung
dangte dinhmun pawh kan ti derthawng mek a ni.
Tui chunchang dik si te:
- Khawvel hmun za a 70 (70%) hi tui in a khuh a ni
- Tui thianghlim mihringte hman theih hi za a 0.7 (0.7%)
chiah a ni (leihnuai tui, tui Fim/ thianghlim, lui tui
etc)
Khawvel a tui za a2.5 (2.5%) chiah hi tui Fim/ thianghlim a ni.
A tlanVCuiin mihring taksa za 66 (66%) hi tui a ni.
Mihring puitling taksa a tui awm zawng zawng hi a tlanVCuiin 37
litre vel a ni.
Mihring thluak za a 75 (75%) hi thui a ni a, ruh za a 25 (25%) leh
thisen za a 83 (83%) hi tui a ni bawk.
Mi hi chaw tel lo chuan thla khat vel kan dam thei a, tui tel lo
erawh chuan karkhat vel chiah kan dam thei.
Mihring hrisel tak nitur chuan nitin tui 2 litre in ziah tur a ni.
Mihring hian kan dam chhung hian tui 75,000 litres kan in tlanVCui.
Leihnuai tui (Ground water) hian mipui za a 80 (80%) te hi tui
intur min pe a, chutih lai chuan, leihnuai tui hman theih za a 4
(4%) hi a bawlhlawh (polluted) sa tawh a ni.
Ram thang lai mek (developing countries) ah te hian naupang kum 5
hnuailam nitin 10,000 dawn tui thianghlim lo in vangin a thi/ boral
a ni.
Chhungkaw mi 4 cheng ten rawngbawlna atan tui 25,700 vel an mamawh.
Tui ti bawlhlawh thei chi hrang hrang 70,000 aia tam hriat a ni
tawh.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
8
Tui hi hman zawh theih mai a ni a, chhan hrang hrang avangin
tui hman theih hi a tlem tial tial a ni. Tui chuan chaw eitur
min siam sak a, min tifaiin min ti hrisel a, kan taksa khawl
chetvel dan nasa takin a pui a, tui hi kan taksa hrisel nan
hmanraw pawimawh tak a ni. Kan tui hmuh dan kawng hi uluk taka
enkawl leh relfel a nih chuan mihringte tan hlawkna a ni a,
amaherawwh chu, tui thianghlim intur neih dan tha uluk taka
kan ngaihtuah loh chuan, khawtlanga pa, nu leh naupang te tan
thihpui theih natna hrang hrang tui bawlhlawh atang kan kai
thei a ni. A hnuaia table a mi ang hian:
Table 1: tui atanga kai/ a kaihhnawih natna te
Category Kaidarh a nih
dan
Natna kaitheih
te
A inven dan tha
Tuia awm/ piang Tui thianghlim
lo in
Santen,
Kawthalo,
Tuihri,
Khawsikpui,
Hepatitis
Tui intur tih
thianghlim, tui
hnar tih thianghlim
leh ven
Insuk/ insilfai
(Thianghlimna
lama chak tawk
lohna, tui tlem
avangin)
Tui tam tawk loh
avanga Kut sil,
inbual leh insuk
hlamchhiah a
nihin
Vun leh mit
natna: Vunro leh
khir, Mit vung
leh sen na tak
leh Rulhut kawm
natna
Hriselna a tana tui
tam tawk neih
Tui awmdan a
zir (Natna hrik
tuia inthlah
chhawn dan)
Tui thianghlim
loah hian rulhut
an cheng ve
thina, chung chu
Vun karah an lut
thei
Schistosomiasis,
guinea worm
(Rulhut lam
natna)
Tuithianghlim lo
hman tam loh, tui
pawnlang tih
bawlhlawh loh
Tui kaihhnawih
(Rannung a
tanga natna
kaihnawih)
Rannung tuia
inthlawhpung tea
tang
Sikserh, dengue
natna,
onchocerciasis,
leh Gambian
sleeping
sickness
Tui hmuhtheih te
tihthianghlim,
rannung
inthlawhchhawn loh
nana tui tling tih
chhiat leh those
len zar that
Mahse, tui lakna /lak dan hi uluk taka enkawl/ vil a nih chuan
mipui tan hlawkna tamtak a thlen dawn a ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
9
BUNG 2
VILLAGE COUNCIL TE MAWHPHURHNA: TUI INTUR PEK KAWNGAH
Jharkhand state chhunga Bero Village Council a Village Water
and Sanitation Committee (VWSC) chuan an kaw hruaitu thlan
thar Pu Rakesh Bhagat kaihhruaina hnuaiah an khaw tui lakna
Pipe tha tawh lo chu kawng hrang hranga hma lain hlawhtling
takin an siam tha a ni.
“Tui thianghlim intur neihna lama hmalakna in a tum leh a chian em em chu PRIs leh
vantlang mite telve ngeina leh khawtual miten thuneihna nasa zawk an neihna tura
hmalak hi a ni” – Natianal Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP)
“Kan khuaah tui harsatna kan tawk vak tawh a. Tui a van chiah chuan mi in engtiang
rilru nge an put tak mai le? Kei leh ward members ten chu harsatna chu phuhruk turin
kan bei a drinking water scheme a tang hlawkna kan hmu ta reng a, tunah chuan hna
thaqwh sa enkawl leh vil kawngah hma uluk takin kan la ve ta a ni” – Gurujibhai
Caudhry, Sarpanch, Nanicher VC (Surat District)
“Zing vartian atanga tlai thlengin dil a tui chawiin kan hmanhlel a, fate ngaihsakna
hun pawh kan nei lo. Tui harsatna chu namenloh a ni. Tunah chuan kan khua a
Water and sanitation programme hman a nih a tang hian chu harsatna chu a in thlak
ta. Tunah chuan hla tak taka tui chawi kha a ngai ta lo a. nu, lehkha thiam lo, Pani
Samiti member pawhin a tih tur leh mawhphurhna chu a hre em em a ni” – Bhalbai,
Pani Samiti Member, Varli Village (Kutch)
Bero VC te hlawhtlinna bul/ hnar te chu:
Mipuite an kaw tan an lungrualin, engkimah langtlang takin
hmalak a ni.
Intin tlawhkualin, Tui man tha taka pe turin an in hrilh a,
atul chuan a pung nen lam an pe thin.
Tui tha taka hmuh a nih na turin a lakna a chia/ chiang lo
lai te an siam tha a.
Tui man lak thuhlaah langtlang leh awmze nei zawk a hmalak a
niin
Tui semtu Department lam te nen thawh hona tha tak an nei
VC levela lo hlawhtling deuh deuh tawh dang te chu:
Women‟s Pani Panchayat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat
Chincholi, Belgaun, Karnataka
Khambegoan, Parbhani, Maharastra
Gangadevi Palli, Warangal, Telangana
Kosnada Village, Surat, Gujarat
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
10
Thingtlang miten tui thianghlim intur an neih theih nan hian
Kumpinu sawrkar atanga India a indan atang khan nasa taka hma
lak mek zel a ni a. amaherawh chu, Tui hna tlem/ vang zel leh
Tui intur a thianghlim leh a thatna tur lam harsatna te chuan
duh angin ngaihven a hlawh tawk lo a ni. Kum tluana tui
thianghlim intur hnianghnar dan leh tui intur that dan te chu
Village Council te nghawng thei kawng pawimawh tak pahnih a
niin, heng- micheng tam lam te, an khaw awmna a zir te, an
khawsak dan a zir te, sik leh sa te, monsoon te leh adang te
hian nasa takin kawngro a su bawk a ni.
Tui hman tur awm tawk loh avanga harsatna/ buaina langsar deuh
deuh te chu table 2 ah tarlan a ni.
Motipura-Veda khua a Women’s Pani Samiti chanchin hi i hre tawh
em?
Motipura-Veda khua hi Gandhinagar district a Mansa Block a awm a
niin, in 108 an ni. Tui hman nasat lutuk avangin tui chu a lo
tlem ta em em a, an leihnuai tui te chu a lo bawlhhlawh a, a nu
in fluoride a tam ta em em bawk a. tui harsatna chu ti reh turin
VC ah chuan Pani Samiti chu kum 2004 khan din a ni a. khaw mipui
te chuan chu hmalakna chu theih tawpin an tawiawm a. mipui
vantlang tanrualna avang chuan Pani Samiti chuan a nikhatna ah
ringawt pawh intina tui pekna tura senso za a10 (10%) aimah a
tam chu an thawhkhawm daih mai a, a bak chu sawrkar scheme
atanga tumsak/ pek an ni ta a ni.
Khaw mipui te chu an khaw tui hnar enkawlna ah chuan an tangkai
em em maia, he lamah hian, an tui chu zing taka enchhin/ enfiah a
ni a. an tuihnar tih tharna (Recharge) atan chuan tui chu tul
loah an hman mai mai loh avang chuan tui han pawh chu a lo ziaawm
tan a, intinah RO (Reverse Osmosis) hmanga tui thlitfim chu
kalpui a ni a. chuvang chuan tunah chuan an khua chu tui pipe
hmanga tui lakna an lo nei ve ta a ni.
Kum 2011 khan an khaw Pani Samiti chu Women‟s Pani Samiti tia
thlak a ni a. he pawl member te hian Uniform an nei thlap a, chu
chu an khaw puipun nikhua te hian an member hriat na a tan an ha
thin a ni. Chutia an thawhrimna leh an inpekna avang chuan
intinin tui man bithliah chu an pe thin a, chu vang chuan hlawk
zawk a hna thawh a niin an tui lakna chu siam that a ngaih pawhin
siam that vat a ni thin a ni.
An khaw chhung tui lakna enkawl leh vilna piah lamah hian Women‟s
Pani Samiti hian an tui tlan a lo thianghlim zelna ni bawkin
thianghlimna lamah pawh hma an la a, bawlhlawh leh thli paih
kawngah mimal leh khawtlangin hma an sawn phah em em a ni. He
hlawhtlinna a vang hian Motipura - Veda khua hian State leh
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
11
Tablke 2: Tui harsat avanga buaina awm te chu:
Tualchhunga tui a lo hnianghnar theihna turin eng thil
pawimawh tak te nge ruahmanna siam laiin Village Council ten
an ngaihtuah ang?
Tui lak dan ngaihtuah a nih lain VC te chuan hengte hi an
ngaihtuah tel tur a ni:
I. Mitin daih/ thleng phak turin
II. Kum tluanin a hnianghnar tur a ni.
III. Tui chu a tha (hrisel) tawk tur a ni.
IV. Tui lakna te chu a tlo/ daihrei tur a ni.
MITIN DAIH: Engtin nge kan VC huam chung intin/ chhungtin te
hian awlsam takin tui intur thianghlim an neih theih ang?
The National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) chuan Tui
lakna hlat zawng a duh dan ber chu, “Tui lakna hmun chu in a
Nu leh hmeichhe naupang te tui chawia hla tak tak kal
luihtir an ni a, chu chuan an hriselna kawngah harsatna a
thlenin, zirna leh thiltha zawk tihna kawngah harsatna a
thlen.
Tui dawh turin a hun leh hmun pawh thliar hran theih a ni
loin thui tak tak intlar a ngai thin.
Thingtlang mite tui pek danah hian mumal taka tui dawn a ni
lo leh tui kham khawp hmuh loh avangin thil duhom lo a
thleng thei.
Khua a roin tui hnarte pawh tihbawlhhlawh a ni thin.
A siam thatna lam duhthusam tawk loh avangin tui lakna a
chhe vek thei.
Tui lakna Pipe enkawl leh vil that loh a ni thei.
Tui pump chhuahna khawl leh a dangte a chiatin a chhe siamna
hmanraw chhia chu a thlak maina a awm loh a vangin a siam
thatnan hun a duh rei fo.
Tui a nihlohna a lo chuak ven leh siam thatna a tha tawk
loin dik lo taka lo lakruk te poh tih tawp sak a ni mai lo
fo.
Mihringin Pipe hmanga tui lakna kawnga nitina kan tih ve mai
theihte tih theih a ni lo fo.
Tui lak (Pump chhuah/ tuikhur) na kawngah thianghlimna leh
faina lama hma lakna that tawk loh avangin chuchuan tui a ti
bawlhhlawhin natna a thlen thei.
Tui sem kawng a rualkhai thei lo a, tui intur lak kawngah
buaina a awm thei.
Tuia natna hrik tihhlumna (Chlorination) a mumal loin a tha
thei tawk lo fo.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
12
tang a metres 500 emaw darkar chanve (30 minutes) emaw chhunga
tui chawi thlen theihna a ni” tiin a hrilhfiah a. Hetiang
hian, chenna in zawng zawng chu he mi huam chhungah hian awm
pha vek se tui lakna hlat zawng a tan a thain a rem chang ber
a ni.
Tichuan, VC chuan an huam chhunga intin chu alo berah kum
tluanin tui thianghlim intur in a thlenVChakin, tui an dawng
pha ngei a ni tih an chian tur a ni.
HNIANGHNARNA: Kan VC huam chhunga intin tan hian tui
thianghlim intur a hniang hnar em?
India ram thingtlang khua in tui an mamawh zat NRDWP in a sawi
chu mi pakhatin ni khatah litres 55 (55 litres per capita/
person/day (lpcd) ) a ni.
Hemi mil hian VC chuan chhungtin, thlertin leh khawtin in tui
an mamawh zat chu an chhut chhuak thei dawn a ni.
TUI THAT ZAWNG: Tui chu a thianghlim tawk em?
Hemi awmzia chu Tui thianghlim zawng tehna a tui a thianghlim
dan an teh a, ei in atan a thianghlim tawk/ intlak a ni e an
tihna a ni a. (Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS): Tui that
zawng chu IS 10500 leh world Health Organization (WHO) 2004 a
tehna hman mek a ni)
Chapter IV naah Tui thianghlim zawng leh a tehna te kan la zir
dawn a ni.
A TLO/ DAIHREI DAN: Kan VC a tui lakna chu a tlo/ daihrei ang
em?
Heta a daihrei zawng kan tih hian kan tui hnarte chu kum
tluanin kan thlah lo kal zel tan pawha chhenfakawm a nih dan
lam kan sawina a ni a, tin, a lakna kawnga a hmanrua te a tlo
leh daih rei zawng pawh kan huap tel bawk a ni.
Eng vang hian nge Tui intur thianghlim pek leh Faina leh
thianghlimna kawnga VC te hma lakna hi Thuneitu sang a tanga
ruahmanna lo siam ai a hlawk zawk thin le?
VC ten mipuite hnena anmahni tui lakna enkawl kawnga
mawhphurhna an pek a, sorkar lam atanga department puihna an
dawn bawk thu tawn hriat tawh a ni a. Mipui ten VC kal tlangin
hma an lak chu a enkawl leh siam that kawngah a chakin a hlawk
zawk em em a, chu chuan a department leh sorkar pawh a pui em
em a ni. A khaw chhunga cheng te ngei chuan an harsatna an hre
zawkin enge tih hmasak tur thlengin an hre bel zawk fe reng a
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
13
ni. Tualchhung mite ngeiin an enkawl leh hmalakna hlawhtling
chuan an mahni inrintawkna a pein zau zawka hmasawnna a athlen
a ni.
VC te hi Thingtlang khua a Tui lak kawnga hmalaktu leh a
enkawl kawnga (Operation & Maintenance (O&M)) a mawh phurtu an
nih chuan Sorkar in eng mawhphurhna mah a nei ve ta lo tihna
em ni?
Thingtlang khua a tui lak leh enkawl hi state sorkar emaw VC
te a a eng emaw zawk chauh hmalakna tur a ni lo a, Sorkar leh
VC te chuan thawh hona tha tak an neih ngei a ngai zawk a ni.
State sorkar leh VC te hian an tih tur chu chiang tak a duan a
awm ang hian an tih tur pual chu an in hriat chian puiin an in
pawmpui tur a ni. VC chuan state sorkar, central sorkar leh
khawi pawl atangin emaw tanpuina heng – Subsidy emaw Technical
lama puihna emaw leh adang tein a dawng a, Mahse a neitu tak
tak chu VC chu a niin mamawh leh tul ngaihtuah, a khuahkhirhna
lam leh hna a taka kalpuina lam zawng zawng chu an kut a ni.
India Dan bupui-ah hian Tui thianghlim intur chungchanga VC te
tih tur engemaw tal a awm em?
Dan bu pui a inziak ngei thu hla a ni. India Dan bu pui
siamthat vawi -73-na (73rd Amendment) chuan State sorkarte chu
VC te hnena sorkar an nihna anga thuneihna atul angin a pek
ngei a phut a ni. He tah hian ruahmanna siam leh a taka hma
lak kawnga thuneihna chi hrang hrang 29 a pek zingah Tui
thianghlim intur chung chang pawh hi a tel a ni.
VC huam chhunga mimal tin te leh pawl hlawm bik ten Tui
thianghlim chungchanga an mawhphurhna te enge ni?
Gram Sabha (Vantlang inkhawm) hi VC huam chhunga Vote nei
zawng zawng te telna a ni a. Social Audit tihna hmun a ni
bawk. Vantlang inkhawm (Gram Sabha) ah chuan thingtlang mite
tui thianghlim pek lama sawrkar mi ten tui lak kawnga thil tul
tih theih awm zawng zawng sum leh pai lam thlengin an sawifiah
ang a. vantlang inkhawm chuan heng thil te hmang hian tui
thianghlim in tur an neih theih dan tur leh chumi lama tul
dangah thu tlukna an siam ang:
Tui thianghlim intur mamawh zat.
Tuihna awm zawng zawng ziah chhuah.
Tui an lak dan tur scheme an duh zawng an thlang ang.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
14
Sikul, Anganwadi leh mipui vantlang hmun zawng zawng ah
tui thianghlim in tur an neih theih dan tur te an chian
ang.
Intinin tui sem an chantlan dan tur te
Intinin an chawi zat tur te
Mi chanhai zawk leh hnam hnuaihnung zawk heng- Schedule
Tribes (STs) leh Schedule Castes (SCs) leh BPL chhungkua
te tana ngaihhnathiamna siam dan tur te.
Vantlang inkhawm (Gram Sabha) chuan sawihona an neih hnuin
khawchhunga tui intur lakna a ruahmanna, sum leh pai tultur
ruahman leh a hmanna lam thlengin an pawmpui a, a taka tih
hlawhtlin dan, hnathawh that dan leh hma lak zel dan thlengin
an ennawn thin bawk.
VC: VC chuan tui lakna enkawlna chu an mahniin emaw, midang
enkawl tura ruat kutah emaw dahin an vil a, hengah te hian
mawh an phur bawk a ni:
Hmalakna hlawk zawk leh sum hmuh dan tur te an pawmpui a
Vantlang inkhawma (Gram Sabha) a sawihona neih hnuah-
kum khat chhunga sum hman tur ruahmanna leh tui lakna
man tur te an pawmpui a
A viltu ruat bik te nen thuthlung (Memoranda of
Understanding (MoUs) an ziak/ pawmpui a.
Block, District leh pui theitu pawl Block Resource
Centre (BRC) ang chi te nen an thawhona a tha a
Tui Pump khawl lam zir chhuak, mi thiambik leh Pipe lama
mithiam bik zir chhuak ngeite chu a siamthat ngaih huna
a tul ang zel a rawih te.
Village Council / VCP: VC a hotu ber a nih avangin a khaw
mipui intin ten tui thianghlim intur an neih thei ngei tih a
chian ang. Hengah te hian mawhphurtu a ni bawk:
Tui thianghlim intur chung changa thil tul te sawihona,
ruahmanna siam leh a pawmpuina thuhla chu Vantlang
inkhawm (Gram Sabha) ah a pu lut ang.
Tui thianghlim in tur leh faina lama Committee (VCWSC) a
din anga, chu pawl chuan chak tak a hma a lak nan a vil
ang.
Ngaihdan in an lohna a awm in a tul angina a rem ang.
Sum lak luh, hmanchhuah leh hnathawh that dan te a vil
ang.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
15
Tui rualkhai taka chantlan anih leh nih loh a chian
anga, mihnuaihnung zawk SCs/ STs leh hmun fal deuh zawk
a cheng ten tui an dawng ve ngei leh ngei loh a vil bik
ang.
Block, District, department leh tanpui thei pawl hrang
hrang atang a tul angina puihna a la thin ang.
VC ward Member te: mipui te kaihruaitur a beisei an ni a, an
khua leh tui te chu thil tul leh mamawh an hrilh hre thin
anga, vantlang inkhawm (Gram Sabha) a an mawh phurhna te an
hrilhin kal a tul zia te an hrilh ang. Khaw chhunga tui
lakna ruahmanna siam kawngah mitin mai chu an tel ve tih an
chian anga, nitin a tui lakna enkawl leh vil chu an hna a ni.
VC member an nih avangin ruahmanna siam, a taka hmalak leh a
vil kawngah ngaihdan an thawhin atul angin an thawk ang.
Committee peng te (Pani Samiti/ VCWSC/ VWSC) : Tui lakna
kawnga vengchhung Commite pawimawh tak a ni a. Heng Committee
(VCWSC / VWSC) hi VC in a din ang a, VC kaihhruaina leh
thurawn angina hma an la ang a, an hmalakna tur te chu:
Tui intur lak leh faina kawnga Ruahmanna, a ruangam siam
leh a taka hmalakna zawng zawng.
VC te hnena an lo thlirho tura an hmalakna thudik tak
hriattir.
Khawchhung a tui lakna kawnga thurawn tangkai
chhawpchhuah.
Hmalakna leh thutlukna kawng tin renga mipui vantlang kim
taka an tel ve ngei nan.
Vantlang mipuiten sum leh pai emaw tha in emaw a tul ang
zel a an thawhlawm thawhkhawm theih dan tur siam.
Vantlang sum thawhkhawm, O&M sum leh adangte Bank Account
hawnga vawn that leh enkawl.
A Department (Line Department) a thawktu te nen a huhova
tui lak leh faina kawnga thuneihna inhlan leh thawh ho.
Ruahmanna duansa anga a hman man lak, Tui lakna leh faina
lam a hmalakna leh enkawlna (O&M) atana sum chhun luh leh
alo daihrei zawk nana hmalak.
Nitina hmalakna leh a siamthat kawnga hmeichhe te dinhmun
chawisan.
VCWSC/ VWSC member 6 atanga 12 ruangam (Model) hengte tel hian:
VC member te
Hmeichhia za a 50 (50%), ASHAs te, Anganwadi a thawktu te etc telin.
SCs, STs leh khawchhung a retheizual te aiawh te
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
16
BUNG 3
TUI INTUR LAKNA HNARTE LEH TUI LAKNA DAN PHUNG HRANGTE
Bung khatna ah khan Thingtlang mi ten Tui thianghlim intur
hnianghnar leh daihrei zawk an neih dan tur kawnga harsatna an
tawh te kan zir tawh a. VC ten chung harsatna sut kian na tur
kawnga an mawhphurhna kan zir tawh bawk. He bungah hian Tui
thianghlim intur lakna hnar te leh tui thianghlim intur lak
dan hrang hrang VC te tana duhthlan theih kan zir ho dawn a
ni.
Tui intur lakna hnar te:
Tui lakna hnar lian deuh chi hnih a awm a:
1) Tui pawnlang (Surface water): Hei hian lei pawnlanga tui
tling emaw luang zawng zawng a huam a.
a) He tui hi Lui, Tui lakna kawng, tuiluang, dil tui,
tanky tui, leh tui tlingah te kan hmu a ni.
b) A tam lam hi ruahtui tlak tam leh rei in a hril ber a.
c) Tui pawnlang te hi mihringtevangin awlsam takin a
bawlhlawh thei a ni
d) Tui khawl nan tui khuah len zawng chi hrang hrang siam
a ni.
2) Leihnuai tui (Ground water): Lei hnuaia tui awm te.
a) Ruahtui lei hnuaia lut thla kha leihnuai tui (Ground
water) chu a ni.
b) Lei hnuai tui hi khaikhinin a thianghlim/ him zawk a
ni.
c) Lei hnuai tui hian mineral tam tak (Magnesium etc) a
pai a ni.
Ruahtui hi tui thianghlim ber a ni a, mahse, pollution sangzel
avang hian thlitfim hnuah chauh in tur a ni. Tin, chhan hrang
hrang a vangin tui pawnlang (Surface water) thianghlimna /that
dan hi a danglam thei a, chuvang chuan intheiha cheibawl hnuah
chauh intur a ni. Heng vang hian, Leihnuai tui (Ground water)
hi tui intur thianghlim / him ber a ni a tih theih a ni. Tunah
hian thingtlang khuaa tui mamawh za a 85 (85%) hi leihnuai tui
(Ground water) a tanga hmuh a ni. Leihnuai tui hmanna tam ber
chu Tui lakna (irrigation) hi a ni. Amaherawhchu, tih
chaktharna that tawk loh vang leh lak chhuah tam leh lutuk a
vangin ram pumah leihnuai tui hi kum telin a tlem tual tual a
ni, chu chuan harsatna a siam belhin chemicals hrang hrang
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
17
(arsenic and fluoride) avangin a thatna leh a thianghlimna a
hlauh mek zel bawk a ni. Hei hian vengtin leh hmun tinah tui
thianghlim intur awm zat leh a lak dan phung duhthlan tur a
nghawng tel a ni. Entir nan, leihnuai a tui tling hniam zel
vang chuan kuta tui pump chhuahna khan awmzia a nei lo (or an
hman zat tih tlem a ngai) a ni. Leihnuai tui tih chakthar leh
dan bakah tui lakna hnar tlo leh daihrei zawk dan bung lehah
hian kan zir ang.
Thingtlang tui lak dan phung te:
Thingtlang a tui lakna dan phung lar zualte chu:
1) Tui chhunchuah.
2) Kuta Pump/ khawlhmanga pump leh lak chhuah
3) Tui hnar a tanga lo luang chhuak, tui khuah, lui luang,
tui khawlna zem leh
4) Tui pawnlang zau tak a mi pipe a lak.
Table 3: Tui lak kawnga tihdan phung hrang hrang te a thatna
leh that lohna te nen:
Tuilakna
dan
A nih phung A thatna te A that lohna te
Tui
chhunchhuah
(Dug well)
Hman laia tanga an
tui lakna chi khat,
lei hnuaia tui
tling chu khur lain
an khawl a ni
Senso a tlemin
hengte hi siam
tel a nihin a
bawlhlawh lo bawk
a) Tuihna a a that
tawkin
b) A hungna a that
tawkin
c) Tui khaichhuahna
dan him that
tawkin
d) Tui khur chhung
zut mam that a
nihin.
Tui tam zawng hi
sik leh sa, tui
tam danin a
nghawng hle.
Tui hman nasat
lutukin tui hna a
ti tawp thei.
Leihuai tui awm
chian san dan a
zir a awm/ siam
theih a ni chauh.
Tih bawlhlawh a
awlsam hle.
Nipuiah tui a
kangral mai thei
Kuta Pump
chhuah
(Tube well/
hand pump)
Hei hi zau vak lova
tui lak chhuah nana
leiverh a ni. A
hmawrah pumpna dah
a ni a, pawnlang
tui a luh mai loh
nan a chung lam chu
tih pin tlat a ni
thin. A pump bul
hnai chu dawhsan a
Uluk taka hman
leh vil a nih
chuan system dang
aiin a hman rei
theih.
A hnar ber kha
leihnuaia awm a
nih vangin
mihring te tih
Vil leh siam that
deuh reng ngai
chi a ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
18
tha a, tichuan tui
hman hnu chu hmun
dangah a luang
chhuak dawn a ni.
Hand pump atanga
meter 3 ah a luan
luhna siam a ni
thin.
bawlhlawh theih a
ni lo.
A bul hnai tih
fai a awlsam em
em bawk.
Tui hna
pangai ven
that
(Protected
spring)
Leihnuaitui chim
sang vangin a lo
chhuak a, hei hi
tlang ram lamah
chuan hman lai
atanga tui lakna
ber a ni
Enkawl a awlsam Bawlhlawh paihna
hnaih a nih chuan
a bawlhlawh hma
hle.
Tihfai ngai deuh
reng chi a ni.
Tui hawk leh thli
lakah ven uluk a
ngai a ni.
Pipe hmanga
tui lak
(Piped
water
supply)
A hnar chu tui
pawnlang emaw
leihnuai emaw,
khawlkhawmna nei
emaw nei lo emaw
tihfim emaw pipe
hmanga lak/ pek a
ni.
Hman mai turin a
awlsam a, hun leh
tha a hek lo
System dang zawng
aiin a him deuh
bik a ni.
Vila siam that fo
a ngai
A pawp a awmin a
bawlhlawh mai
thei
Pipe pawp vangin
tui tam tak hloh
a ni thei.
Pipe hmanga Tui pawnlang (Surface water) tam tham taka lak
dan.
Tui pawnlang lam Pipe hmanga lak chu natna laka a him nana
enkawl/ suasam dan hi a chin chhuak chuan a ki kawi khawp mai.
Figure 1 na leh Table 4 naah hian a diagram nena entirna leh a
kalpui dan chhawng a indawtin tarlan a ni e.
Figure 1: Tui pawnlang Pipe hmanga lakna a rahbi hrang
hrangte.
Table 4: Tui pawnlang Pipe hmanga lak a thil tih dan te.
Tui lakna hnar Hei hian tuihna lei atanga lo luangchhuak, leihnuai
tui lakchhuah, tui pawnlang (lui leh dil etc) a ni
a. chung tui lakna hnaivai leh a vel chu ramngaw
Tui laka khawlna a dah Damdawi / thlit hmanga tih thianghlim
A sem chhuah dan Hmangtu
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
19
chereu leh tui ti bawlhhlawh thei lakah venhim a ni.
Lak luhna /
lakhawm
Hei hi tui a lakna hnara tanga lakkhawmna hmun a ni
a, heta tang hian sawngbawl leh thlitfimna a kal leh
tur a ni.
Tui sawngbawlna
hmun
Tui chu intlak a nihna turin nasa taka thlitfim leh
tih thianghlim a ni.
A dahkhawlna lam Tui intlaka sawngbawl tawh chu tuizem lian tak siama
dahkhawl a ni. A dahkhawlna ni a pekchhuahna hmun
aiin a awmna a sang a ni.
Semchhuah tura
thawnchhuah tanna
hmun
Heta tang hian pipe lian pui pui hmangin hla tak tak
ah pawh semchhuah turin hmun hrang hrangah thawn
chhuah a ni
A sem chhuahna A dahkhawlna inpui ta tanga hman tur a sem chhuah a
ni thin
A pump-na in A pumpna khawl dahna in chu a ni a, tui chu hmun
hrang hrangah pump chhuah a niin, a chang chuan he
hmun hi a dahkhawl nana hman a ni ve thin bawk.
Tui khawlna zem He hmun hi tui sawngbawl fel thlap tawh hman theih
mai a dahna a ni.
A tlanVCuiin thintlanga tui hmuhna hnar ber te chu Tuipawnlang
emaw leihnuai tui emaw hi a ni a. figure 2 na ah hian a rahbi
indawt a tarlan a ni e.
Figure 2: Thingtlang a tui lakdan rahbi indawt chu
He bungah hian tui hmuhna hnarte, chung tui kan hmuhna te chu
a thatna leh that lohna te bakah chung tui kan hmuhna a tana
harsatna awm thei te kan zirho a. tui lakdan hrang hrang leh
pipe hmanga tui lakna a tih dan phungte kan zir bawk a. VC ten
tui an hmuhna hrang hrang leh tuithianghlim intur daihzai leh
tlo zawk an neih theih dan chu an ngaihtuah thiam tawh tur a
ni a, hei hian an duh thlan dan a zira sum leh pai tul tur
Tui chhunchhuah/
pump chhuah
Inchhung khawsak
hrisel leh thianghlim
Vantlang tuisemna
ah emaw mimal
inah emaw pek a ni
A semna pipe
kaltlangin
Tuizema dah
lawkna
A dahna zem liana
dah khawl
Tui luang, tui hna,
dil
Thlitfim leh tih
thianghlim
Tui khaichhuah
emaw Pump chhuah Tui pawnlang a
tanga lak
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
20
thlengin a huam tel a. Tui thianghlim leh him zawk nei thei
tur tura an hma lakna leh ruahmanna siam kawngah hei hian VC
te chu a pui hle dawn a ni. Kan zir leh tur bungah hian
thingtlang miten tui thianghlim intur kan lak na dan chipchiar
zawkin kan zir dawn a ni.
BUNG 4
TLO LEH DAIHZAI ZAWK A TUI THIANGHLIM LAK DAN CHU
Tui hi khawvelah thiltuiril, thil sakhat leh boruak ah te hian
an awm renga. A hmelhmang landan a danglam thin mai zawk a ni.
Lei pumpui hmun thuma thena hmun hnih hi tuiin a khuh a, chung
tui pawnlang za a 97 (97%) chu tui al (Saline water) a niin
tui thianghlim / intlak chu za a 3 (3%) pawh a tling meuh lo a
ni. Chung tui intlak tlemte atang a hmun thuma thena hmun hnih
chu vur khawn leh khal a la ni leh bawk. Chung a la chuang
atanga a tam zawk chu leihnuaiah an awm a, hmun za a thena
hmun 0.3 (0.3%) chauh chu tui pawnlang intlak kan tih chu a ni
ve chauh mai a ni.
Tui thianghlim kan mamawhna hi mihring pun chhoh zel vangte,
industry lama hmasawn na vangte, thlaichin atana tui lakna
avangte leh kan nun phung danglam zel leh chhan dang hrang
hrang avangin a sang chhoin kan hmang ral tam zel bawk a ni.
Tui kan mamawh san zelna chuan leihnuaihnuaia tui pawh chu kan
la chhuak tam ve zel a ni. Chutia tui tam tak leihnuai atanga
kan lak chhuah avang chuan tui thianghlimna lamah harsatna a
lo awmin tui chu Arsenic leh fluoride leh adangte vangin a lo
bawlhlawh ta thin a ni.
Heng zawng zawng hian eng hmun atang pawha ruahmanna fel tak
neih a nih loh chuan hun lo kal zel tura mimal tinte tui
hmantur a khawih pawiin buaina a thlen thei a ni. VC chuan
mawhphurhna a nei a, pakhatnaah chuan, an khaw huam chhunga
intinin tui thianghlim intur an nei ngei tih finfiah leh a
“Tlang, tuikhur, lui leh ruah atanga kan tui hmu te hi dik leh fel takin intur atan te, thlai
tharchhuah nan te leh industry lam a tan ten mitin hian kan hmang thiamin kan humhalh
tlat tur a ni”.- Rig Veda (verse no. 19,2,1)
Tuihna tlo leh tha (Source Sustainability) : kumtluana tui thianghlim intur
lakna tui hna tha leh kang mai lo tur.
Tui lakdan phung tha leh tlo ( System Sustainability) : tui lakna leh a sem
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
21
pahnihnaah, tui lakna hnar tha leh a lakdan tlo leh daihrei
zawk neih ngei chu a ni.
VC ten tui intur sem an kalpuinaah hian a daihzai leh tlo
zawkna tur thil te chu enge ni?
Tuithianghlim intur sem adaihzai leh tlo zawkna tura hmalakna
hian, tui lakna awmsa emaw tui lak tharna emaw hmanga tui
thianghlim leh him kham khawp, thal khawro lai a ni emaw hun
harsaah pawh mipa leh hmeichhe thliarhrang lo a rualkhai tak a
tui hmangtu mipuite ngaihsak tak chunga hun harsa leh nuamah
pawh leihnuai tui, tui pawnlang, leh ruahtui dawhte hmang kawp
veka an neihna hi a ni. A tlo leh daihzai na hi hlawm lian
deuh deuh pahnih ah kan then hrang thei ang:
Tui hmuhna (Tuihna) tlo leh tha (Source Sustainability):
Tui hnar tha leh tlo chuan tuithianghlim (BIS tehna hmanga
tling) intur khamkhawp kum tluanin emaw ruahmanna siam laia a
daihrei beisei chen emaw a aia rei emaw a pechhuak thei tur a
niin tuna hmanral vang hian hun lo kal leh tur a khawihbuai
pha tur a ni lo.
Tui lak dan phung tha leh tlo (System sustainability):
Tui lakdan phunga tunlai thiamna hman chuan mamawh a phuhrukin
a enkawl leh vil kawng zawng zawngah thiam biknate leh a
vilzuina atana sum senso indaihzai dan thlengin a huam a ni.
Tuna hmang mektute hian nakin huna hman tlak loh khawpin an
hmang chhe mai lo a ni.
Mipui vantlang leh kan chhehvel thilawm te daihreina lam
Hei hian mitin ina hmalakna tur leh mawhphurhna kan neih
theuhte felfai leh tha tak a kan hlenna tura kan beihna lam a
huam vek a ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
22
Tui hna a daih rei leh tlo zawkna tura VC ten hma an lak theih
te chu eng te nge?
VC ten tui lak dan phung an ruahmannaah hengte hi an telh a
tul a ni:
Tui hmuhna hnar hrang hrang hman : He mi awmzia ber chu
leihnuai tui te, tui pawnlang te, ruahtui dawh emaw kan
tui intur mamawh phuhruk nana hman kawp vek a ni. Hei
hian tuihmuhna hnar pakhat chauha innghah loh chu a tum
ber a ni a, a bikin leihnuai tui ngawr ngawr hman loh tur
a ni.
Water Budget hi enge a nih?
Water Budget chu VC huam chhunga tui mamawh zat leh tui awm zat ruahmanna a ni mai
a. tui lakna leh a hna awmdan te chipchiara hriat hnuah, Village water security planning
team (khawchhunga tui lakna lama a mawhphur tur a pawl awm – VCWSC/ VWSC leh
adangte) leh VC ten water Budget chu an duang a, chu chu tui lakna hnar atana ruahmanna
siam kawngah pawh a pawimawh hle a ni. Water Budget hian thil 3 a thlen a chungte chu :
1. VC in tui a hmuhna kawng hrang hrang a zir a, chumi a tang chuan tui hman ral na
hrang hrang leh a zat a zirin a khaikhin leh a
2. Tui awm zat leh mamawh zat chu hriat a nih hnuah a siam rem dan a ngaihtuah a,
chute chuan mipui vantlang tana a that leh hlawkpui dan ber tur chu sawi hoin mipui
ten tui an chan tlan dan tur chu an ngaihtuah a. mihring leh ranvulh te intur chu dah
pawimawh hmasa berin, VC chuan mamawh dan a zirin agriculture leh industry lah
a danga hman dan chu an ruahman ta thin a ni.
3. Tui awm zat leh mamawh zat chu an hrechiang a, chuta tang chuan ruahmantu pawl
(planning team) tui hnar tlo leh tha zawk neih dan tur leh tui tam zawk hmuh a tul
dante an ngaihtuah thiam ta thin a ni.
Water budget siamna dan (Format) chu:
Tui lakna
hnar
Nipuiah Thlasikah
Tui
mamawh
zat
Tui awm
zat
A karaw Tui
mamawh
zat
Tui awm
zat
A karawl
Leihnuai
tui
Lei
pawnlang
a tui
Ruahtui
Tui hnar number pek thu: VC te chuan Rural Drinking Water Supply Department
rawnin tui an lak mekna te chu dan dik tak (Standart) number an pe vek ang a. Heng
number te hi VC lehkhabuah ziakin an chhinchhiah thlap ang.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
23
Tunlai thiamna a remchan dan anga hman
Mimalinah emaw vantlang huap emaw a ruahtui khawlkhawm
Hnamin kan lo chinthin ang a tui khawlkhawm (dil, tuizem
ect)
Tui lakna hnar tih chak thar emaw enkawl that.
Tui hmanhnu paih mai loa hmannawn leh ( thlaichinna atan
leh a danga hman)
Heng bakah hian kan tui hmuhna hnarte hi a venhimna lam, a
humhalhna lam leh a awmsa enkawlna lam tha tawk a ngai bawk a
ni.
Tuihna (Tui hmuhna) tlo leh daihrei nei tura hma lakna ah eng
thiamna te nge hman tur?
Vantlang tui hnarte a lo tlo leh daihrei zawk na turin
ruahmanna siam laiin tunlai thiamna hrang hrang hman a tul a.
hemi lamah hian VC te chuan Department lam atangin puihna an
hmu mai thei a ni.
Tuihna tlo leh daihrei neihna tur a ruahmanna chuan hengte hi
a huam a ni:
Vantlang mipuite inpekna leh thawhve na
Tualchhung mite hriatna hman
Tuihna awmthei te leh a an khaw tui mamawh zat
Leihnuaia tui awm zat leh an khaw lei lung dik tak
Lei muk that dan leh a tui pai theih dan.
Ruahtui tlak dan
Chemical a pai zat
Tui hna lo awmtanna zir chian
Tui khawlna neih mek te leh an hman tlak dan chiah.
Tualchhunga a hmanraw hman mai thei awm te
An khaw leihnuai leh pawn a tui awm dan lanna map leh a
zir chianna hman
Tuihu a vanga tui kalral zat leh tui relh ruk dan phung.
(Chipchiar zawkin Framework for implementation (updated 2013),
MDWS enrawh. Internet atang
http:/mdws.gov.in/sites/upload_files/ddws/files/pdf/NRDWP_Guid
elines_2013.pdf ah en theih a ni bawk)
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
24
Tui khawlkhawmna a tana hmanrua/ tehna/ thiamna hman thin te
chu engte nge?
1. Di thli farfem tuidawn hmanga tui dawhkhawl: Hetianga tui
khawl kawm hi mimal inah leh Institution ah pawh a
remchang em em vek a. A tihdan phung chu, Ruahtui
inchunga lo tla chu tui dawn hmanga lo dawh a niin,
thlitfim a nih hnuah tuizemah dah kawl a ni. Ruahtui
khawlkhawm hi tui intur lak/ neih reng nan a tul leh
pawimawh ber pakhat a ni. Hei veng hian, ruahtui dawhna
lian zawk pawh siam a ni. State thenkhat ah phei chuan
ruahtui khawlkhawmna siam chu tih ngei tur a ni.
2. Thingtlanga tuikhur (Oornis/ village ponds): Heng hi chu
leilung pianhmangin a siam ve hrim hrim hmanlai atanga
thingtlanga hman thin tui tlinna a ni a, ruahtui
khawlkhawm nan leh tui luang lai lak pena khawlna a tan a
hman theih ve ve a ni.
3. Check dams / nala dams: lung lian tak tak, lei/ balu ip a
khawng, thingtum leh thil dang hmangte a leilung hang
kalral tur ven nan te, tuihawk luang chak lutuk tur tih
muan nan leh tui khawl khawm nan te a siam a ni.
4. Perlocation tanks: heng hi tuizem lian tak a tui
khawlkhawm tuihna siam tha tur leh leihnuai tui siam
(Recharge) a lei tihnawng tura siam a ni.
5. Sub Surface dykes: heng hi lei hnuaia tui khawl kawmna ti
mai I la, lei pawn langa tui te kha lo kawl kawmin
leihnuai tui hna ti chak tura siam a ni.
6. Point source recharge systems: heng hilei char lai laih
khuar a, tui luang lai lak pen a tui dah khah a ni a,
leihnuai tui ti chak (Recharge) nana tih a ni.
7. Hydro fracturing: a bik taka tuikhur tui hna a chak nana
duan a ni.
8. Infiltration well and Infiltration gallery: hei hi pipe
hmang emaw a tuihna a tang tui kal a khamphei zawnga lak
pen khawmna a ni a. tui tlinna (Water table) hnuai a siam
a ni thin a, tuihna ti chak tur a duan a ni.
9. Tuikhawl dan kan hman thin dang te: kan khawtua; leilung
a zira tui kan kawl dan heng Khadins, tankas, nadis, leh
farm a tuikhuah ang te leh a dangte hi a ni
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
25
Figure 3: Tui hmuhna hnar te a daihrei zawk na tur chu
Zawhna tlanglawn te:
1. Ruahtui dawhkhawl hi enge a tul/ pawimawhna?
Ruah hi tui hnar bul a ni a. Lui, dil leh leihnuai tui te
hi Ruahtui ah hian an innghat hle a ni.Tui khawlkhawm kan
tih hian ruahtui hlutna hriat leh ruah sur/ tlak laia a
hlawk thei ang bera lo hman hi a huam tel a. Ruahtui
dawhkhawl tih hi kumkhat chhunga ruah sur hunlai a ruah
tui te lo khawlkhawm hi a ni. Ruahtui dawhkhawl anih loh
chuan a luang ral/ bo mai maia, hman lohin kan ti riral
mai mai tihna a ni. Tichuan ruahtui khawl chu tih dan tha
ber a nih tak chu. Leihnuaia tuite hi mimalin ram kan
neih anga mimal ta bik ni lova, vantlang ta a ni tih kan
hriat a tha a. Tui hi mitin ten kan mamawh a ni a,
Water source sustainability plan hi engnge a nih?
Water source sustainability plan chu water budget a zira tui hna / tui hmuhna tur tlo zawk leh tha
zawk neih na atana ruahmanna a hi a ni. Ruahmantu pawl (planning team) ten thiamna bikna
(technical) lama agency dang tanpuinain an tui hmuhna hnar a tlo leh daih rei zawk tur a (ruahtui
khawlna sak thuah te, check dam siam thuah te leh a dang dangah) a hmun thuah leh a sak dana
ruahmanna an duan chu a ni. He ruahmanna hian a awmsa enkawl leh cheithat bakah a thar nei tur
a hmalakna a huama, tui hman dan chintawk a ruahmanna pawh hei hian a huam tel a ni. He
ruahmanna siamna a tana format chu a hnuai a mi ang hi a ni
Code A ruangam
awmdan
A hmun A tlo na tur
hmuh dan
A senso
Ruahtui
Khawlkhawm a
humhalh
A chuangliam
dah that
Lei pawn lang a
khawl khawm
Ren tak a hman leh
tuihna tam nana
beih Recharge Fo
Lei pawnlanga tui Lei hnawng Leihnuai tui
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
26
vantlangin kan hman nasat dan te, mipui pung zelah a
hlutna pawh a zual zelin tui kan mamawh tam tual tual
bawk a ni. Hei hi hre rengin tunah tuimamawh khawp
inkhuaah in nei a nih pawhin, nakina thlah kal zel ten an
hman tur kan neih hi a tul a ni. Leihnuai tui neih chu in
thenawm te tan pawh a hlawk bawk a ni.
2. Ruahtui khawl dan chi hrangte chu eng te nge?
Ruahtui khawldan hlawm lian deuh deuh pahnih te chu:
i. Tuizem a dawh/ dahkhawl.
ii. Lei tihnawnga tuihna siam chak tur a khawlkhawm
3. Leihnuai a tui hna tih chak (Recharge) dan hrang hrangte
eng te nge?
Roof top method
1) Open well method: Ruahtui terrace a tanga lak chu lei
khuar (Tuikhur hman tawh loh pawh a ni thei) ah pipe
hmangin lak pen a ni a, chu chu RCC hmanga siam tui
thlit fimna hmun (Brick leh lungte leh balu hraw hmanga
hnawhkhah) ah thlitfim a ni.
2) Bore well method: inchung a ruahtui tla chu tui
thlitfimna tuizem kal tlangin tui chhunchhuah ah chhun
luh a ni.
Open space/ roof top
1) Recharge pit/ percolation pit with or without bore: hei
hi ruahtui lo lak pen kha recharge natur a laihkhuar ah
a mawi / awm tawk a karthlakin dah/ luan luh tir a ni
a. Recharge na tura laikhuar (pits) hi leirawhchan leh
lung nawia hnawhkhah a ni. Hei hi tui khawlna hmun ah
khan lei verh a lak kawi leh theih a ni. Chu chuan tui
hna a ti chak phah thei a ni.
2) Recharge trench with or without bore: hei hi recharge
pit nen a in ang thuak a, mahse khawvel map a
Longtitute pianhmanga a siam a ni. Hei pawh hi
leirawhchan leh lung nawia hnawhkhah ve tho a ni. Bore
hole te kha rectangular khur zulzui khan verh a ni a.
bore hole te chu a lo berah 10-15 feet a inhlat tur a
ni. He tiang hi chu ruahtui tamna hmun zau deuh a tan a
remchanga. Hetiangah hi chuan RCC slab hmanga a
chungkhuh chu duh leh duh loh a duhthlan theih a ni.
3) Recharge well: hei hi chu ruahtui kha recharge na khur
ah khan tehkuala feet 3 vel, feet 5-10 a thuk,
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
27
leirawhchan emaw concrete hmanga a bial a siam a sir a
tih kuak neuh neuh a thun a ni. A chhuatah leirawhchan
nawi dah a ni.
4. Ruahtui hi ka inah ka khawl ve thei em?
Aw, hmun zimteah pawh ruahtui khawlkhawmna hi I nei thei
a ni. Tuichhunchhuah hman tawh loh emaw, lei laih khur
emaw tuizem emaw I mamawh chhun chu a ni mai a, inchung
emaw tual zawl emaw chu tui lakna (catchment area) a tan
I hmang thei a. asenso pawh a tlem em em tlanVCui a ni.
5. Ruahtui khawlkhawm hi in sak thar a tan chauh em ni?
Ni lo, indingsa ah pawh tuidawn/ pipe hmanga siam theih
mai a ni.
6. Ruahtui a dahkhawlna a dah te hi in atan leh rawngbawl
nan a hman tlak em?
Aw, inchung / tuallai a ruah tla te hi a thianghlim a,
mahse tuizem a thlenna kawngah bawlhlawh dang dang a
vangin a bawlhhlawh thei a ni. Boruak bawlhlawh avang
hian tui kha a lo bawlhlawh thei a, hei vang hian boruak
bawlhlawhna hmunah chuan thlitfimna hi a tul thin a ni.
7. Engtin nge Recharge/ percolation khur hi awlsam taka kan
siam theih ang?
Recharge na khur hi leihnuaia tui te a hna ti chak
(recharge) na atana duan a ni a.
i. Recharge khur chu tuallaiah siam mai theih a ni a
ii. A zau zawng duh thusam chu 3feet x 3 feet x4.5 feet
a ni a. a khur chu square / rectangular / circular
pianhmang a ni thei vek bawk.
iii. A khur chu lungnawi emaw leirawhchan nawi emaw
hmanga hnawh khah tur a ni a.
iv. Hei hi a tlanVCuiin sandy sub soil (lei balu anga
awm) hmun a tan a remchang a ni.
8. Ruahtui khawlkhawm kawngah hian VC ten enge mawhphurhna
an neih?
Kan sawiho taw hang khan, tui intur thianghlim neih nana
a hma lak leh ruahmanna siam hi Village Water Security
Plan a tel ngei tur a ni a, ruahtui khawlkhawm hian tui
intur hnar tihchak (recharge) a pui a ni. Tichuan, VC
chuan VCWSC/VWSC te rawnin emaw amahin emaw hetiang hawi
hian hna an thawk/ hma an la thei:
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
28
a) Intinah ruahtui khawlkhawm chungchanga in
hrilhhriatna (awareness) an nei ang.
b) Thiamna bik ngaihna leh sum senso ngaihna heng
NRDWP, MGNREGS ah te puihna an dil thei ang.
c) School, anganwadi, community hall leh sorkar hmunah
te VC headquarters ah ngei pawh ruahtui khawlna hi
kalpui tak tak a nih nan an beiin hma an la ang.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
29
BUNG 5
DRINKING WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Tui intur thingtlang mite pek ringawt hi a tawk mai lo a, tui
intur pek chu a thianghlim / intlak a nih ngei leh ngei loh
chian chu a tluka pawimawh emaw pawimawh zawk hial emaw a ni.
NRDWP national goal-ah tui intur thianghlim neih tul zia hi a
hnuai a tarlan ang hian a sawi a ni:
“Thingtlanga cheng mitin ten tui thianghlim (Natna laka him)
intur, rawngbawlna leh inchhung tul dang a hnianghnar tak a
hman tur an neih reng theihna chu a tum ber a ni a. hei hian
engtik lai pawhin eng hunah pawh Tui that zawng tehna a
pawmtlak chin(minimum water quality standards) a tling/pha
ngei tur a ni.”
Chubakah, NRDWP dan ang chuan, intinin tui thianghlim intur
hnianghnar taka an neih theihna chu chenna tlak a tih chuan a
huam a, Mihring chenna hmun a intin in tui intur nei ringawt
mahse, an tui neih ten tui thianghlim zawng tehna a ngaihdam
theih chin a thleng pha lo a nih chuan chenna a pawmtlak a ni
lo a ti a ni.
Tunah, tui thianghlim natna laka fihlim tih chu enge a awmzia?
A tlanVCuiin tui thianghlim intlak kan tih chu hetiang hi a
ni:
a) Rawng nei lo
b) Rim nei lo
c) Bacteria (natna hrik mit lawnga hmuh theih loh) laka
fihlim
d) Chemical thil a awm phal chin chiah pai
(BIS in a that zawng tehna IS10500 zulzui a a siam a ni)
Zirlai hmasa lama kan zirtawh ang khan, tui lakna hnar hrang
hrang a awm a. heng tui hnarte hi engemaw chhan hrang hrang a
vangin a lo bawlhhlawh thin a ni.
Eng thil te nge tui bawlhlawhna thlen thei te?
Chhan hrang hrang avangin tui hi a bawlhhlawh thei a. chung te
chu boruak ti bawlhlawhtu te, leihnuai a minerals te, mihring
leh ransa ek, zun, thawmhnaw suk thli, Lei tih thatna
(fertilizer), rannung thahna hlo (pesticides) leh chhan hrang
hrang a vang a ni thei. Thingtlang mite tui intur lakna
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
30
phungah hian, tui lakna tan tirh/ a hnar atanga a sem chhuahna
thleng hian tui bawlhlawhna hun remchang a awm teuh a ni.
Tui a lo bawlhlawh theihna chhan hrang hrang te chu:
I. Tui hnar leh a chheh vel failo/ tawp a vang te
II. Tui lakna pipe pawp leh phui tawk lo avang te.
III. Tui a a thianghlim nana pawlh tur pawlh tawk loh te ( hei
hian Chlorine pawlh tlem a huam thei)
IV. Thli tenawm a vang ( a bikin ekin pipe emaw bawlhlawh thli
dang bula pipe a kal tlangin)
V. Tui pek that tawk lohna a vangin tui pipe ah thil duhawm
loh natna hrik ten hmun an lo siam thei.
VI. Tui pipe tuiek vang.
VII. Balu lak leh a chhehvel khawih chereu vangin tuikhur a
bawlhlawh thei
VIII. Tui lian leh chhiatna dang avang a ni thei.
IX. Leihnuai tui lakchhuah tam lutuk avangin a ni thei
X. A chheh vel leilung a zirin a ni thei chemical a pai danin
a hril a ni.
XI. Tui lakna hnar thianghlim tawk loh vangin
XII. O&M thawktute thianghlimna lama an inthlahdah vang a ni
thei bawk.
Heng zawng zawng bakah hian, tui chu inah thianghlim taka
thlen pawh a ni mai thei a, mahse inchhungkura thianghlimna
lam ngaihthah avanga tui dahna thianghlim tawk lo hman leh tui
intur kuta zen leh kut silna thli te thlahdah a vangin tui chu
a lo bawlhlawh thei bawk a ni
Tui thianghlim lo (poor water quality) in a thlen/ nghawng te
chu engte nge?
Kawthat lohna lam natna a thlen tam ber a, heng natna te hi
tui intur a mihring leh ramsa taksa atanga chhuak thli a tel
vang a niin thianghlimna lam a inthlahdah vanga natna hi kai a
ni. Tui thianghlim tawk loh a vang hian Mitliam natna leh
khawsikpui te pawh kai theih a ni bawk. Naupang leh taksa chak
lo (Taksa natna do khawl chak lo heng HIV leh AIDS vei te)
hian heng natna te hi an kai awlsam hle bawk a ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
31
Tuia chemical thil tam lutuk ( a awm zat tur aia tam awm) a
vanga nghawng thalo a neih theih te eng te nge?
Tuiah hian chemical thil a awm ve teuha chungte chu heng te
vanga lo awm hi a ni:
Lung a chiah/ lenral a chemical thil lo awm atang
Industry thli a tang
In a kan balthli a tang
Rang nung thahna hlo leh leitih thatna hlo hman a tang.
Heng chemical te hi a tam loh chuan tui rawng leh tui tui
zawng (Taste) a ti dang lam lo a, amaherawh chu chemical
thenkhat chu tlemte pawh nise mihring tan a hlauhawmin
hriselna a khawih pawi thei a ni. Chemical hlauhawm thei te
chu – lead, arsenic, fluride, nitrites leh nitrates te hi an
ni. Chemical dang chu a hlauhawm lutuk lo thei a, mahse a
nihtur pangaia aia tam a awm chuan tui pianghmang landan heng
BIS in tui intlak a sawi chu hetiang hi a ni:
Physical aspects - A rawng, a rim, a tui dan, chawh kawi dan leh PH hlutna
Chemical aspects - alluminium, ammonia, Tur lam (arsenic), chloride, Iron,
manganese, zinc, copper, sodium, sulphates, hydrogen sulphide, a chan zawng, thil
sakhat a chiahral te (total dissolves solids (TSD)) awm dan / zat.
Heng te hi a pawlh / awm tur zat bithliah, hlawm lian chi 2 a then a ni a a hnuai a tarlan
ang hian:
- Pawmtheih/ duhthusam phak chiah
- A tam lam phal tawk chin thleng pha (pumpelh theih loh thilah tih dan dang a awm
lohin)
Bacteriological aspects - enchhinna atan tui lakah bacteria hrik a awm/ hmuh a
ni tur a ni lo.
Thingtlang miten tui thianghlim chauh an in chuan a rah chhuah chu
Tui atanga natna kai theih avanga damdawi senso a tlem ang
Damdawi leina a sum puk/ leiba a ti tlem ang
Tui a tanga natna an kai thin a vanga hna thulh a tlem anga, chu chuan tam zawk
thawh chhuahn aleh sum leh paia hmasawnna a thlen ang.
Tui lei a nih loh avangin sum leh pai khawl a pui ang
Naupiang leh naupang thi a ti tlem sawt ang
Hmeichhia te rawngbawlna tui chawia an kal reng a ngaih loh avangin mipa leh
hmeichhia intluktlanna a siam ang.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
32
- atui zawng (taste) leh a rawng a ti danglam thei. Tui a
rawng leh tui dan danglam deuh chu kan duh lo tlanVCui a ni.
Hriselna lam a chemical inlaichinna te table 5 naah hian
tarlan a ni.
Table 5: chemical awmna hnar leh hriselna a nghawng dan:
Chemical A source Hriselna kaihhnawi
Nitrate Agriculture / bal
thli
Naute pianghlim tan a hlauhawm
(Blue baby diseases or
methaemanglobinaemia)
Pesticides Agriculture Carcinogenic, mutagenic, nervous
system a khawih thei
Mineral
oil
Landfills,
leakages
Carcinogenic
Arsenic Geogenic Vun natna, carcinogenic
Fluorine Geogenic Ha leh ruh lam
Iron and
manganese
Geogenic Hriatna lam (nervous system) a
khawih thei
Uranium Geogenic and
mining
Kal natna, cancer
Copper Copper pipes Thin thalo
Lead Lead pipes Nervious system a khawih
Cadmium Galvanic pipes Kal natna
Asbestos Asbestoscement
pipes
Ril leh taksa a chawr/ bawk thang
lo tur than na
Source: “local action for safe water” module 7, WECF.
Tui intur chu engtin nge kan tih thianghlim ang?
VC te hi an khaw tui tlan thianghlimna tur a tan mipui te
hnena hrilhriatna (tui thianghlim loh vanga natna kai theih a
nih dan) leh tui hna humhalh kawnga a venhimna leh tihtur tul
ti tura fuihna a tan an thawk hlawk berin an pawimawh ber a.
An kaw tui a lo thianghlimna tur a an mawhphurhna (a enkawl
leh vil) leh thianghlimna lama an hma lakna te chu tui
thianghlim an lo neih theih nan hunbi neiin an ennawn in an
thlir nawn fo tur a ni.
Water quality monitoring (tui thianghlimna a tan a
endik): hei hian hunbi nei leh awmze nei a tui thianghlim
zawng leh chlorine tam zawng dan dik tak a endik a kawk
a. Endik leh vil (Monitoring) in a tum ber chu, „intlak
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
33
a nih chian‟ leh dik lo palh a lo awm palh pawha siam
thatna lama hmalak vat a ni. Hei hi tui semtu ten (VC
level) an tih a ni tlanVCui.
Water quality surveillance: hei hian thingtlang mite
hnena tui semkalpui dan hmun sang zawkah emaw vantlang
huapin emaw a, an khaw tui chu a thianghlim/ intlak a nih
zia chian le zir a ni.
Sanitary survey: hei hian tui lakna leh a vel a
thianghlimna kalpui leh zir chian a kawk a. chiang zawkin
zirlai loawm turah kan zir dawn a ni.
Tui khawi atanga hmuh/ lak pawh a thianghlim zawng teh hun ( a
hun kart la) atana thurawn (MDWS guidelines angina)
Bacteriological contamination Kum khatah vawi hnih
Chemical contamination Kumkhatah vawi khat tal
Eng hunah nge tui thianghlim zawng chu teh a nih thin?
Tui thianghlim zawng enchhinna hi a tui enchhin tur lak (a
sample) a tanga teh a ni. Hetiang hian:
Tui lak thar/ tui hnar thar rin a nihin, tui chu in atan
a thianghlim tawk leh tawk loh enchhin a tul hle a.
Tui lakna chu venhim a nih chian chuan, thianghlimna lam
a a dinhmun enfiah a hlauhawm a awm loh nana hma lak tur
a ni a. Tui chu vantlang tana in tlak a nih zia chian a,
H2S vial (burte/ bottle) hi enge a nih a engtia hman nge a nih?
Hman nghal theih mai a siam H2S hi tu enchhin atana hman a chemical ten en an in pawlh
nghal a, a hmuhchhuah (Result) pawh buaithlak miah lo leh awlsam takin a hmuh theih
nghal a ni. He thil H2S hmang tur hian zir leh training neih hmasak a ngai kher lo bawk.
A tih / hman dan chu:
Tui enchhin tur chu Vial (bottle te) ah chuan a zat tur bithliah ang zat a thun tur a
ni a
A chhin nghet taka chhin hnuah, bottle te chu temperature pangai ah darkar 24
kan dah ang a, nisa / zung in a en/ chhun tur a ni lo.
Darkar 24 a ral hnu chuan bottle te a tui rawng land an atang chuan hetiang hian
thutlukna kan siam thei ang:
I. A dum chuan - mihring/ ran a tanga chhuak thli a tam hle tihna a ni
II. A buang/ a nu (lang tlang theih lo a nih chuan) – bawlhlawh pangai,
thianghlim tawklo a ni tihna a ni.
III. A rawng a in thlak loh chuan – bawlhlawh pawlhtu a awmlo tihna
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
34
a khat tawk/ hunbi neia enfiah thin hi a pawimawh hle
bawk.
Tui enchhin chu ngaihdam theih (standard) aia a hniam
chuan, a chhan leh vang zawn chhuah vata siam that/ tih
that tur a ni. Tin, VC emaw VCWSC/VWSC ten mipui vantlang
te chu an tui intur a thianghlim nana hmala turin an
hrilh ang.
Tui thianghlim zawng tehtu te chuan kawthalo natna hri a
lo len chuan hma taka mipui an hriattir ang a , eng vang
leh khawi atang lo darh ta nge tih pawh an hre vat tur a
ni.
VC levelah engtin nge tui thianghlim zawng hi teh a nih ang?
A tlanVCuiah chuan VC ten Field Testing Kit (FTK) hi an hmang
tangkai tur a ni a. FTK hi tui thianghlim zawng tehna, heng a
sak zawng, PH hlut zawng, fluoride, chloride, nitrate etc. te
tehna a ni a. he tehna zinga pakhat H2S vial an tih phei hi
chu awlsam tak a hman theih, man to si lo thli a tanga natna
hrik awm te hriat zung zungna a ni. Heng hmanruate hi VC
chhunga tui semna kawng hmun tinah tui thianghlim leh
thianghlim loh the nan hman tur a ni. Tui thianghlim zawng
hunbi neia the leh a hmuhchhuah te chu uluk takin VC office ah
an chhinchhiah ang a, chu chu PHE Department leh Rural Water
Supply and Sanitation (RWSS) Department-ah an hriattir ve thin
ang. Heng chhinchhiah te hi tui lakna lama ruahmanna siam leh
tui lakna awmsa tih len belh kawngah hman tangkai tur a ni. VC
te hian monsoon hma leh a hnu bakah, hun bi dangah tui
thianghlim zawng an tehna chu nei thei se duhthusam a ni.
Tui thianghlim/ that zawng tehna FTK
Thingtlanga tui intur chu a lakna hnarah FTK hmang hian endik/ teh theih a ni. He tehna
hmang hian tui thianghlim zawng chu a landan ruangam, chemical awm zat leh mit
lawnga hmuh theih loh nunna nei tuia khawsa thlengin (physical, chemical leh
microbiological) tam tak kan hre thei dawn a ni.thingtlang hmun hla zawk a awm te tan
pawh a endikna hmunpui (Laboratory) a tui enchhin tur thawn ngai loin a hmunah a endik
mai theih a ni. Amaherawh chu, tui enchhin chu a lo thianghlim tawk lo tih hmuhchhuah a
ni chuan, tui chu chiang zawka endik leh turin district/ sub-district a endik tir leh ngei tur
a ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
35
FTK hman a nihin eng tianga fimkhur tur nge a nih?
Sarpanch emaw VCWSC/ VWSC chairman chu he thil enkawl leh vil
thua mawhphurtu ber a ni a. FTK hmanrua te hi VC office-ah
chauh uluk taka vawn a nih a chian tur a ni.
Tui enchhin/ enfiah tur chu a dahna tur (bottle te) uluk
taka thuah faiah thun/ dah a, enchhinna chu darkar 12
chhunga zawh ngei ngei tur.
Tih dantur kawhhmuhna ziak/ tarlan FTK burin a ken tel
ang thlap a enchhinna chu neih tur.
A bika zirtir (Trained) te chauhin enfiah/ chhinna hi
neih tur a ni. He thilah hian sarpanch te chuan mi pe
heng AWW, Auxiliary Nurse Midwife (ANM), zirtirtu,
zirlai, BNVs te etc atangte hian an zawng/ tir ang.
Enchhinna bur te chu number pek vek tur a ni a, tichuan
tui nihna tak chu kan hre thei dawn a ni.
FTK hmanga tui enfiah dan kimchang chu lehkhabuah
chhinchhiah thlap tur a ni.
Enchhinna atan a tui enfiahtur chu a tam viau chuan, hun
heh loh zawk nan, enfiah bik neih phawta a hnua a dang
chu test leh mai tur a ni.
Enchhinna chu neih zawh a nih hnuah, a tehna bur etc. te
chu distilled water a thuahfai vek tur a ni a, enchhina
tui chu paih bo a, a hmanrua te chu tih ro vek tur a ni.
Enchhin hnuah, a chhin (bur chhin) chu phui taka chhin
tur a ni. A lo phui tawk lo a lo put a awm palh pawhin,
tissue paper a hruk hul tur a ni.
RO plant
RO plant hi tui tih thianghlim nan state hrang hranga thintlang khaw thenkhat chuan an
hmang a ni. Dan naranin a senso tur za a 10 (10%) chu vantlangin an thawh khawm a. he
thil hi thingtlanga thalai tan hma siamna pakhat a ni bawk. RO plant that lohna sawisel ber
chu he tihdan hmanga tui pekchhuah te hian mineral an pai lo a, chu chu hriselna lam
zawnga ngaihtuah chuan duhthu a sam lo a ni. Ngaihdan dang leh ah chuan, a tui chhe
siam chhuah chu uluk taka enkawl leh sawngbawl a nih loh chuan a chhehvel lei a ti chhe
thei bawk a ni. Amaherawh chu, tui bawlhlawh/ thianghlim lo lutuk leh tuia chi (saline)
tam lutuk a nih chuan RO plant hi hman ngei chi a ni. VC chu VCWSC/VWSC te kal
tlangin he thil hmanna tur a hma lak leh a enkawl leh vilah mawh phur tu ber an ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
36
Chemical te chu a hmanrua atanga a buak mai loh nan
fimkhur hle tur a ni a, vun a buak/ per palh chuan, a
chak em a vangin vun kang emaw sa em em emaw a thlen thei
a ni.
FTK hmanrua te hi naupang khawih theih a dah loh tur a
ni.
Tui thianghlim zawng tehna hmunpui (Laboratories) VC te tanpui
thei a awm em?
Awm e, tui thianghlim zawng tehna laboratory chu a tlanVCuiin
district leh sub-divisional huapin a awm thin. Amaherawhchu,
state hrang hrangah tui thianghlim zawng tehna (laboratory)
awm tam dan hi a in ang lo a. Chu bakah state tinin state
huapa tui thianghlim zawng tehna laboratory hi an nei theuh a
ni. VC te hian distict/sub divisional laboratory ah hian
thlathum (3) chhung in vawikhat tal emaw atul hun apiangah tui
chu an enfiah (test) thei a ni. He thil atan hian, district/
divisional laboratory hian thingtlang khua a tui enfiah tur
(sample) la khawm tura rawih thawktu a nei tlanVCui thin a ni.
Hetiang a thawktu hi an awm remchang lo a nih chuan, heng
laboratory (enfiahna hmunpui) te hian tualchhungmi/ zirlai
thawkthei tur an ngaihtuah anga tui thianghlim zawng enfiah
dan an zirtir tur a beisei a ni. Training an zawh hunah, heng
thawk tur a inpe (volunteers) te hi awmze nei/ mumal taka
enchhin na/enfiah na nei tur in VC then hrang (clusters) ah an
thawk ang. Heng enfiahtu te hian VC member/chhungkaw tu emaw
leh a enkawltu hming ziak (signature) lehkhabu abik asiam ah
an la ang.
VC te leh tualchhunga thawktu te hian tui thianghlim neih a
nihna tur atan enge an tih theih?
Tui thianghlim neih na tur hian VC hi an pawimawh hle a. VC
chuan :
Tui thianghlim na tur a ruahman na (water safety plan) siam
leh khawchhung a tui lak na hnar (sources) zawng zawng
number pek a nih an chian ang.
Rural water supply scheme hmang a hnathawh, ruahmanna siam
leh a vil leh enkawl na ah hmeichhia an telh ve tih an
chian ang.
VCWSC/ VWSC ah te hmeichhe ai awh an awm ngei tih achian
ang. NRDWP kaih hruai na dan ah chuan, alo ber ah a zah ve
tal an ni tur a ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
37
Hmeichhia te tan tui thianghlimna lam hawiin Information,
Education and Communication (IEC) hmanga hmalak pui.
VCWSC/VWSC te puihna a tui thianghlim zawng en china a hmuh
chhuah dan thlir let a, a tul anga VCWSC/ VWSC leh PHE
Department te nena thil that zawnk nana hma lak ho.
Tui thianghlim neihna lam a hmalakna leh ruahmanna te
Vantlang inkhawmah enlet fo a nih chian.
Tui te chu enchhin/ enfiah fo a nih nan Laboratory ah thawn
a nih zia chian.
ASHA, ANM, AWW leh zirtirtu te nena thawh ho a, tui
thianghlim neih hlawknamipuite hnena hrilhhriat fo.
Tui enchhin chanchin kimchang chu mipui te hnena hriattir
a, a tul anga thianghlimna lam a hma lak a nih na turin tui
thianghlim lohna chhan te pawh a tul anga hrilh hriat.
VC secretary chuan tui thianghlim neihna tur atan a tan pui
tlat anga, thil tha zawk awm theih nana sum awm theiah te
pawh thurawn a pe ang.
Eng enkawlna (treatment) te nge tui thianghlim lohna
thlenthei hrang hrang laka hman remchang?
Tui hnar thianghlim tak a tui chu tui bawlhlawh tih thianghlim
chawp hman aiin a tha hle zawk a ni. Mahse tui lakna hnar te,
a bikin lei pawnlanga a tui (Lui tui etc) te hi tunlaiah a ti
bawlhhlawh tu laka venhim a har hle a. tui chu a thianghlim
tawk lo tura kan ngaih chuan in leh hman a nih hmain thlitfim
hmasak hnua hman chauh tur a ni. Tui thlitfim/ enkawl
thianghlim tawh chu enkawl that leh a ngaih loh nana uluk taka
a tul anga vawn that tur a ni.
Eng hunah nge VC/ intin ten Tui an tih thianghlim ang?
VC/ Intin te hian tui an tithlianghlim tur a ni:
A bik ah chuan, sorkarin hriselna lam kawhhmuhna a chhuah
ang.
Tui chu lui, dil leh tui tling pangai a tanga lak a
nihin.
Loboratory test a tui bawlhhlawhna chu thli a tanga awm a
nih hriat a nihin.
Tui lian, lirnghing leh leilung chhiatna dang a lo
thlenin.
Chhungkua a hrisel lo fal (taksa chak lo) an awmin.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
38
Rural Water supply schceme-ah hian tui tih thianghlim nan eng
hmanraw dangte nge hman a nih?
Tui tih thianghlim nan hian VC/ thingtlang khua ah heng te hi
hman a ni:
I. Ionized silver coating.
II. Halogen treatment
III. Ozone treatment
IV. Potassium permanganate.
V. Hydrogen peroxide
Table 6: Thingtlanga tui tih thianghlimna tura tha te:
A enna
tehfung
(Parameter)
A sawngbawlna
(Treatment methods)
A enna
tehfung
(Parameter)
A sawngbawlna
(Treatment methods)
Turbidity Puan a thlit fim
Lei/ balu a thlitfim
Coagulation (tih
khal)
Candle filtration
(filter ang hi)
Fluoride Activated alumina
technology
Nalgonda technique
(heng technique
hre chiang tur hian
“Drinking Water
Quality in rural
India: Issues and
Approaches”,
WaterAid) en rawh
Odour
(a rim)
Aeration
Carbon filtration
using charcoal
(Meihawl hmanga
thlitfim)
Chhum/ chhuan so
Ammonia Chlorination
Chhuan so
Colour
(a rawng)
Carbon filtration
using charcoal
(Meihawl hmanga
thlitfim)
Lei/ balu a thlitfim
Iron Oxidation and setting
Bacterial
impurities
Chhuan so
Chlorination
Ultraviolet
radiation- SODIS
Lei/ balu a thlitfim
Hardness Chhuan so, setting
leh thlitfim
RO
Arsenic Chemical
precipitation
Adsorption
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
39
Membrane processeb
Tun hnai deuh atang khan Membrane prosesses leh ultra violet
irradiation hi hman a ni. Heng tui tih thianghlim danna hi tui
lakna hnaiah siam a ni a. VCs/ VCWSCs/ VWSC te hian heng te hi
hman a nih an chian thin tur a ni a, a hun tak tui chu enfiah/
en chhin fo a ni anga, a tul anga vil leh enkawl chu an tih
tur a ni. Hei hi tui thianghlim neih nana hma lakna chi khat a
ni (zirlai hmasa lama kan zir tawh ang khan)
Thingtlang khua atui peknaah hian Chlorination hi enge a
pawimawh / tangkaina?
Chlorination hi tui tih thianghlimna chi khat, tui a
chlorine emaw hypo chloritr emaw pawlh hi a ni a.
atlanVCuiin tuiah chemical chikhat Calcium hypo chlorite
(bleaching powder etc) an pawlh thin a ni.
Chlorination hi a tlawmin natna lakah a vawng him rei
bawk a ni.
Tui chlorination hmanga vawn hian algae thang thang tur a
vengin a tibo a ni.
A tawk chauha chlorination (bkleaching powder pawlh) hi a
pawimawh em em a ni.
Chlorination (Bleaching powder) pawlh hnuah tui chu a
tawk a siam rem leh theih a ni a, duh thusam leh a tha
berah chuan tui littre khatah 0.2 milligram awm se hman
tawk chiah a ni.
Chlorination tih / hman dan dik:
1. Dan naranin, chlorination chu tui zem, etc a chhunga tui
ah chuan a ti thianghlim nana bleaching powder a tawk
chiaha telh/ pawlh ni a ni. ( tuizem tih khah a nih a
piangin hei hi tih ziah a ni thin)
2. Tuia Bleaching powder pawlh zat tur hi duhthusamah chuan
tui litre 1000 (sangkhat) ah pleaching powder 2.5- 4 gram
pawlh tur a ni.
3. Point 2 naa tarlan zat ang khian tui tam zat a zirin
bleching powder chu pawlh tur a ni. ( entir nan: tui
litre 10000 a nih chuan bleaching powder 25-40 grams vel
pawlh tur a ni)
4. Tui a chlorination pawlh a nih ngei nana remchang tak
chu, bleaching powder chu bucket a tuiah dahin, chawhkawi
that tur a ni. A khal chu bucket mawngah a tla khawm
anga, tui pangai zawng chu bucket dangah chhun leh tur a
ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
40
5. He tui bleching pawlh tawh chu tui zemah chhun luh a, tui
dang nena inpawlh kim hun nghah tur a ni. Minite 30 hnu
velah tui chu sem chhuah theih a ni tawh a ni.
6. VC te chuan bleaching powder pack an lei chu BIS mark
chuang a ni tih leh a dam hun chhung a la ni ngei tih an
chian ang. Chu bakah, a bur chu vawi khat hawn a nih
chuan a bang zawng chu bur phui tha takah hnawng leh
boruak lut thei lova dah tur a ni. Tha 3 aia rei dah loh
bawk tur a ni, a chhan chu a chakna a hloh ve zel a ni.
7. VC te chuan hmanraw pakhat „Chloroscope‟ hmangin tui
pekna tinah chlorine tam zawng an enfiah thin ang.
8. Chlorination hi liquid chloride, chloride tablet etc
pawlh dan tur tawk tuia pawlh pawh in a tih theih tho a
ni.
9. Bleching powder hi tui fim/ thianghlim ah chauh pawlh tur
a ni a, a chhan chu tui nu khan a chakna a ti nep ve thei
a ni.
10. Bleaching powder hi duh thusam berah chuan
no emaw thleng hmanga pawlh ni thei se, kut a pawlh a nih
chuan a hnuah kut silfai hle tur a ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
41
BUNG 6
THINGTLANGA TUI THIANGHLIM NEIHNA TURA RUAHMANNA
(VILLAGE WATER SAFETY ASSESSMENT)
Zirlai hmasa lama kan zir tawh ang khan, tui
thianghlim leh thianghlim loh hian kan hriselna a nghawng
avangin thil pawimawh tak mai a ni a. tichuan thingtlang a tui
thianghlim neihna hi tunlaiah ngaih pawimawh a ni tawh em em a
ni. Hetia hmalakna ah hian, tui hnianghnara pekna lam ngar
ngar ni loin, tui chu natna lakah a him leh him loh lam chu
ngaihpawimawh a lo ni chho ta zel a. he zirlai ah hian,
thingtlanga tui thianghlim neihna tur a ruahmanna leh
ruahmanna VC ten an siam dan lam kan zir dawn a ni.
Thingtlang khua a tui thianghlim neih nana ruahmanna
Hei hi tui thianghlim in tur neih ngeina atana ruahmanna, tui
hnar a tanga in mai tur a buatsaih thlenga zir chianna zulzui
a hmalakna a ni. i.e., tui hnar atanga a hmangraltu ka a thlen
thleng a huam. Tui lakna hnar atanga hriselna a tana hlauhawm
thei tihbo, a tui that zawng leh a invenna lam zawng zawng chu
hei hian a huam vek a ni.
Thingtlang khua a tui a lo thianghlim nana hmalak dan phung
Village water safety plan hi a hmun (field) a kal ngei a, a ti
tur a ruat bik tena, enfiah leh zirchianna (sanitary survey)
an neih mil/ zulzuia siam a ni a. he zirchianna (Sanitary
survey) hi tui hnar leh a lakna (a kalkawng) chu natna lakah a
him leh him loh enfiahna a ni ber a ni. Heta hmuh chhuah, tuia
tanga natna kai hlauhawm a tam leh tam loh dan a zirin, tui
chu in atan a lo thianghlim zawkna tur a ruahmanna chu neih a
niin thingtlang khua a tui thianghlim neihna kalpuina atan a
tangkai ta em em a ni. He ruahmanna-ah hian tui lak leh semna
lam hawi a a tul anga a vil leh enkawl lam pawh a tel ngei tur
a ni.
VC te mawhphurhna
VC te chuan VCWSC/VWSC te chu „Sanitary survey‟ nei tur leh
tui thianghlim zawk neih nana ruahmanna siam turin a ruat thei
a. VC te chuan VCWSC/VWSC emaw mi ruat bik ten Sanitary
survey (Tui lak thianghlimna lam zir chianna) an neihnaah PHED
leh RWSS department a thawktu te atanga puihna an zawng/
beisei thei bawk. Chu survey a hmuhchhuah leh rawtna te chu
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
42
vantlang inkhawm (Gram Sabha) ah chhawpchhuah a niin,
village water safety plan chu mipui tamzawk duh dan anga siam
puitlin tur a ni. Mipui thlan tlin hruaitu te chuan thingtlang
mi ten thianghlimna lama an hmasawnna tur leh dan leh tihdan
phung tha zawk an zawhna tura mawhphurhna an nei a. tui
thianghlimna tur a hmalakna leh ruahmanna hian a hun taka tui
chu enfiah/ zirchian a huap bawk a ni. He hmalakna hi VC te
vil/ kaihhruaina a neih tur a ni.
Hmeichhia te hi in lama rawngbawl hna thawk tu ber te an nih a
vang hian, thingtlang mi ten tui an lakna ah hian, tui
thianghlim dan te, a ruahmana zawng zawng leh a taka thawh leh
hmalakna ah an telve ngei tur a ni. Tui thianghlimna ah hian
hmeichhia te hriatdan hi a pawimawh hle a ni. VCWSC/VWSC ah
pawh hian hmeichhia te an tel ngei tih VC chuan a chian tur a
ni.
Sanitary survey (thianghlimna lama zir chianna)
A hmuna kal chilha tui lakna chungchang zirchianna, tui ti
bawlhhlawh thei leh hriselna khawih pawi thei zawng zawng
hriat/ hmuhchhuah a ni. A ruangam, a kalpui dan phung leh a
chhehvel a thilawm a zir (ekin awmna hnaih leh hlat thu te
pawh a ni thei) in tui in tur thianghlim dan chu a hril a ni.
He thianghlimna lam enfiahna (sanitary inspection) hi zing
taka neih thin tur a ni. Hei hi Water safety report (tui
thianghlim zawnghriattir-na) buatsaihna atan hman a ni thin.
Tui lakna hrang hrang a thianghlimna lam (sanitary inspection
format) chhinchhiahna neih dan ziahna chu table 7 na a tarlan
a ni e.
Table 7: sanitary survey: risks assessement for water supply
systems.
Risk
No
Hand Pump
(Tui Pump chhuah)
Dug well
(tui chhunchhuah)
Pipe water
supply
(Tui Pipe a lak)
R1 Tui pump chhuahna
kua a tanga 100
metre ah ekin emaw
bawlhlawh paihna a
awm em?
Tuichhunchhuah khur
atanga 100 metre ah
ekin emaw bawlhlawh
paihna a awm em?
A herhchhuahna
ah phui lo
(leak) a awm em?
R2 Tui pump chhuahna
chhak lamah ekin a
awm em?
Tuichhunchhuah
chhak lamah ekin a
awm em?
Tui herhchhuahna
vela tui tling
lak a ni em?
R3 Tui pump chhuahna Tuichhunchhuah khur Tui herhchhuahna
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
43
kua a tanga 10
metre ah ran
noneihna, huan,
kawnVCui, industry
a awm em?
a tanga 10 metre ah
ran noneihna, huan,
kawnVCui, industry
a awm em?
chhak lam chu a
luang ral em.
R4 Tui pump na bul 2
m ah tuihawk thli
tling a awm em?
Tuichhunchhuah a
tanga 2 M ah
tuihawk thli tling
a awm em?
Tui herhchhuahna
hnaiah pipe
inphum lo a awm
em?
R5 Tui chhe luan
chhuhna a khi emaw
a chhia emaw tih
fai ngai a ni em?
Tui chhe luan
chhuhna a khi emaw
a chhia emaw tih
fai ngai a ni em?
Tui herchhuahna
a tanga 10 M ah
mihring ek a awm
em?
R6 A hungna a bo emaw
a tha lo em?
A hungna a bo emaw
a tha lo em?
Tui herhchhuahna
a tanga 30m ah
bawlhhlawh
paihna a awm em?
R7 Tui pump chhuahna
bul a cement a zut
(apron) chu
hawlhtlangin 1m a
tling lo em?
Tui chhunchhuah
vela cement hmanga
dawh kual chu
hawlhtlangin 1m a
tling lo em?
Tui herhchhuahna
chu ni 10 aia
tam hman loh in
a awm tawh em?
R8 Apron hmuna tui
bua te lak a ni
em?
Apron hmuna tui bua
te lak a ni em?
VC huam a pipe
pui ah phuilo
(leak) a awm em?
R9 Apron chu a khi
emaw a chhia em?
Cement chhuat chu a
khi emaw a chhia
em?
Kar liamta ah
khan mipui atang
pipe chia repot
a awm em?
R10 A pump na chu
apron bulah chuan
a thawl em?
Tui chhunchhuah
bula a pump
chhuahna chu a
thawl em?
Pipe pui ber
chu VC huam
chhung khawiah
emaw leiah a lo
inphum lo em?
Sanitary Inspection Form (Thianghlimna lam enfiahna form)
A chunga thianghlimna lam kawnga zirchianna neih chhinchhiahna
zul zui a duang khi a hma lamah lo buatsaih nise chu chuan
sanitary survey team te chu a pui hle dawn a ni. Thianghlimna
lama tuikhur enfiahna tur entirna chu a hnuaia Table 8 nanah
tarlan a ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
44
Table 8: Sample of sanitary inspection form for Tube well with
hand pump.
Code Specific information Risk Comments
Yes No
1 Tuikhur a tanga 30 M ah
mihring ek a awm em?
2 Tui khur aia hmun sangah ekin
a awm em?
3 Tui khur a tanga 30 m huam a
engemaw bawlhlawhna thlen
thei a awm em?
4 Tui pumpna bula cement a
tanga 2m ah tui hawk thling
emaw a awm em?
5 Tui pumpna chua chhia emaw a
hmantlak lo hem? Tui tling
thei emaw tih fai ngai a ni
em?
6 A hungna chu a tha tawk lo
em? Ran te a an lut mai thei
em?
7 Tui pumpna hual vel a cement
chhuat chu 1 m tling lo a
zau a ni em?
8 Cement chhuat chhehvelah
tuihawk/ thli tling a awm em?
9 Tui pumpna chu tui hawk lut
thei ina thawl em?
10 Lei a tanga 3m a thuk chin a
bang te chu uluk tak a char
an ni em?
He tiang deuh hian tui hna/ tui lakna hran a mi te pawh RWSS
department leh PHED a thawktute puihna in a ruahman ve theih a
ni.
Eng hunah nge sanitary survey neih hi a tul?
I. Thianghlimna lama hmalak leh vil hi hun bi neia tih a ni.
II. Khaw awm dan a nasat viau chuan, heng Ruahtui tla tam
lutuk te hian thianghlimna lam ahnghawng a nei thei.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
45
III. Tui thianghlim zawnga tlahniam a nih chuan eng vanga lo
tlahniam nge tih leh a thianghlim loh chhan hriat vat a
ngai a ni.
IV. Tui hmangtu mipui te atanga tui that lohna lam a
sawiselna a awmin heng - tui rawng, rim leh a tui dana
danglam a awm in.
V. Tui atanga natna inkai chhawn theih a lo puan vak chuan a
chhan chhui chhuah vat tur a ni.
Sanitary survey neihna a tihdan indawt te chu eng te nge?
Tualchhung mipui te chuan an khaw huam chin, tui chhuahna
hmun leh engtia tui chu hmuh nge a nih an hre chiang hle
tur a ni a. Self Employed mechanic (SEM) in heng zawng
zawng hi a hmasa in a lo hre vek ang.
SEM, he thil a enfiahna (survey) nei tur hian a tlawh/
kal lai hian tualchhung mipui aiawh te chu lo hre vek se
a duhawm hle bawk.
VCWSC/VWSC te chuan, he survey a tana zawhna siam
(Questionaires) te chu a hmun ngeiah survey team ten a
tualchhung a RWSS/PHED engineer puihna a neih ani tih an
chian ang.
Zawhna (questionaires) chu peih a nihin, SEM chuan
diagram atanga lang natna thlen thei(tui I thianghlim
lotu) te chu rin bial hmangina chhinchhiah anga, survey
form ah chuan a thil tel anga mipui aiawh/ VCWSC/VWSC ah
lo sawiho leh lo in hrilh chhawng turina pe ang.
A tul anga hmalakna tur chin sawi hona hun tha tak a awm
tur a ni a, an rawn tlawh leh hun tur pawh chiang takin
an sawi tur a ni.
Sanitary survey report chu tute nge hriattir tur?
Sanitary survey hi surveys a tanga thil awmdan hmuhchhuah -
natna thlenthei (risk) awm chhan te tibo emaw siam that emaw
a nih nana hma lak vat a nihin a hlawkin a tangkai a ni.
Chutichuan, a hmangtu te aiawh (Users‟ representative) te,
he thil hriatchak tute leh VCWSCs / VWSCs te hnenah survey
copy chu pek tur a niin notice board ah pawh tar bawk tur a
ni. VC chuan a tul a piangah rang tak in hma a lain, Tui
chhuahna ven himna lam atan a inbuatsaih vat anga, a chheh
vela bawlhhlawh te thian faiin siam that ngai lai a siam tha
vat tur a ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
46
Thingtlang khua a tui lakna a tui thianghlim lohna thlenthei
tu tlanVCui te enge ni tih leh VC levela hma lak theih te
sawi bawk rawh?
Natna thlen theih chhan lar zual deuh deuh te leh a invenna/
khuahkhirhna lam tui thianghlim neih nana ruahmanna tur chu
Table 9 ah hian tarlan a ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
47
Table 9: common risks and control measures
Risk
(a hlauhawm theih chhan)
Control Measures
(a venna)
Who does it?
(Tunge hmala
ang?)
Who checks
it?
(tunge
enfiah ang)
Hand Pump leh tui chhuahna point ah te
Ran vulh lam vang
A hmun chirhdiak lutuk
vang
Tui chhe luan chhuah/
bona tha lo
Ekin / zunin thli
A hungna siam
A dawhsan siam
Thli luan bona tha
Ekin 15m a hlaah tal dah
Hand pump
siamtu/
mechanic/
contractor
VCWSC/V
WSC leh
VC
Tui khur (Tui hna pangai)ah te (spring source)
Ran ek leh zun
Bawlhlawh paih vang
Ran vulh a vanga thleng/
tih bawlhlawh
A hungna siam
Mipui a hrilhhriatna, IEC-
Sign board tar a etc
Ran vulh avanga thli te hmun
danga luan tir
Labour/ siam
thiam rawih/
SHG/
engineer/ VC
ten emaw
Forest guard
te puihna a
enfiah
VCWSC/V
WSC leh
VC
A sawngbawlna dan (Treatment systems)
Chemical/ bacteria awm a
vang
Tuna a treatment pek mek chu
heng natna hrik paih tur hian
a tha tawk em tih en tur
Operator/
VCWSC/VWSC
VCWSC/V
WSC leh
VC
A dahkhawlna tuizem ( storage tanks)
Ran leh rannung te an lo
lut thei
Bawlhlawh, inbualnana
Tuizem chu khuh that tur
Mipui hrilhhriatna, IEC- Sign
board tar a etc
Contractor/
pump
operator/
VCWSC/V
WSC leh
VC
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
48
hman, leh insuk vang
Tuizem a chhia emaw a
pawp a vangin
Tuizem tih fai fo
Tuizem endik a siam ngai siam
that
private
fitter/
panchayat
supervisor
Pipe
Ran ek thli, bawlhlawh
paih a vang
Vantlang kalkawng leh
thli luanna a pipe phum
that loh
Mipui hrilhhriatna, IEC- Sign
board tar a etc
Pipe chu siam/ phum that
Tui put ru zawn fo a siam
that
Private
fitter/
contractor
VCWSC/V
WSC leh
VC
Ina tui khawlkhawmna leh a hman dan ah
A dahna thianghlim lo,
chhin tha lo, a suah
chhuahna tha lo, sahbawna
kut sil loh leh tin hleh
that loh
Tui in tur chu natna tel
a nih vang
Mipui hrilhhriatna, IEC- leh
hmeichhia te thu neihan peka
hriselna lam kawhhmuh
Inchhunga tui thlitfimna neih
that
ASHA/ Health
Workers/ AWW/
SHG
VCWSC/V
WSC leh
VC
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
49
BUNG 7
HMALAKNA LEH A ENKAWL ZUINA (O&M) LEH REVENUE
MANAGEMENT (SUM HMUH ENKAWLNA LAM)
Operation and maintenance of Rural Water Supply systems
(Thingtlang khua a tui lakna a hmalakna leh a enkawlna lam
chungchang)
Operation tih hian nitina tui hmuh nana thawh, a hun taka tih
tur hlen te a huam a. heng a hnuai a mi te hi a huam a ni:
Nitina tui thianghlim pek kawnga thawh. ( eg. Pump hawn
leh khar te, a tui thun leh a khawl thunun te etc)
Hmanrua te a hmangtu ten a nih dan ang taka, tlo taka
an hmanna dan. (Tuichhunchhuah a hrui leh bucket hman
dan, hand pump hman dan, a herhchhuahna hman dan etc).
Maintenance tih hian tlo leh daih rei zawk tur a tui lak a nih
na tur a hmalakna a ni. Hengah te hian a thenhran theih ang:
A venhim na lam (Preventive maintenance) : zing taka a
tui dahna te en dik fo leh a chhiat hma a hmanrua te vawn
that a, chhe tlem thei ang ber tur a hma lak.
Dik tak a kalpui (Corrective maintenance) : a chhe hlek a
awm a siam that vat a, thlak ngai thlak zung zung a , a
khawl hman tlak loh vat tur a awm chuan a tlo zawk nana
beih.
Siam that (Repair/ crisis maintenance) : chhe thut emaw a
lo awm palh leh a hmangtu te a tanga tui sem / tui haw
tha thei lo sawiselna a awm a siam that vat.
Hand Pumps hman dan dik
Hand pump hman dan kawngah a hnuai a tarlan te hi a tha ber leh dik ber duhthusam a ni.
(Tui pump chhuahna a mi leh tuikhur thuk vak lo a mi atan a ni):
Hand pump chu tui lak dawnah dimte a pump tur a ni. Tharum hmanga ring tak a
pump vak vak tur a ni lo a, naupangin tullo a an pump vak vak pawh ven tur a niin,
a chhehvela in fiam leh bawlhhlawh paih loh tur a ni.
Ran, heng Bawng, kel beram te hi pump bulah kal tir loh tur, an ti bawlhhlawh thei.
Hand pump bula cement dawh ah insuk miah loh tur.
Hand pump pawh chu a hun takah a siamthiam zir chhuak te endik tir fo tur a ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
50
Engvangin nge O&M chu?
Khawldang ang bawk hian thingtlanga tui lakna te hian mumal
taka hman leh dik leh dim taka hman hi a mamawh vet ho a, a
hmanna lam ngawr ngawr niloin a enkawl that lamah pawh a ni.
Enkawl that loh / enkawlna tha tawk loin hengte hi a thlen
thei a ni:
1. A hmanrua enVCawh a that loh vangin a khawl a chhe thei/
tui a chhuak lo thei. Chu chu chhiatna chuan thawktu
rawihna a tan leh a hmanraw thar lei nan sum sen a ngaih
phah thei.
2. Tui hawn that loh/ a chhuah that loh a vangin a hmangtu te
an buai phah.
3. He tui awm loh a vanga harsatna hian a awh rei viau phei
chuan, intin te leh khawtlang huap hial pawhin hriselna
leh thianghlimna lamah nghawng a nei thei.
4. Mumal lo taka siam thatna kalpui hi a hmanrua thenkhatin a
tuar thei a, chu chuan, a hmanraw thlak fo a ngaih phah
theiin, a hun taka thlak ngai thlak zung zung aiin sum
tamzawk sen a ngaih phah thei a ni.
Entir nan, Cycle ang mai hian hand pump hian siam that a ngai
ve fo a, chu chu Preventive maintenance a ni a. dan naranin
hnad pump siam zir chhuak emaw SEM emaw ten an khawih ber
thin. VC ten chu chu a hun taka neih thin a nih an chian chuan
a hmang tu ten tui pump na chu an hmang reng thei thin a ni.
O & M hi chuvang chuan, tui lakna hmanrua te tluang taka hman
reng theih a nih na a tana hmalakna, thil tul tak chu a ni.
Thingtlang mite tui lak kawnga O &M ah hian VC ten eng
mawhphurhna nge an neih?
VC te hian tui pekna tha tak a awm rengna tur hian mawhphurhna
pawimawh tak mai an nei a. O & M hi tui pekna kawng tin renga
a pawimawh em em mai a ni. Thingtlanga tui semna kawngah hian,
VC te chu a bulpui an ni. Nitina tui lak na kawnga harsatna
awmte sukiang turin VC te chuan heng VCWSC/VWSC/ Pani samiti
te puihna hi a hmang tangkai thei a ni. Tin, PHED/ RWSS
department atang te hian VC chuan technical lama puihna heng a
hnuaia mite pui tlinna tur hian a la thei bawk.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
51
i. Hmandan dik leh a nihna taka thil a kal na tur a
inbuatsaihna leh a taka hmalakna hengah te hian hmuh a
nihna turin:
Nitina, a nihna tur a Kalpui (khawl hman) a nihna
turin
Uluk taka vil leh enkawl a nih fona turin.
ii. A chunga dik taka kalpui hian tui lakna kawng hrang
hranga a huam vek tur a ni.
iii. A enkawlna lama thawh tur kimchang a vil hun ruat
(nitin, kartin, thlatin, thla 3 dan etc) chipchiar leh
thawktu te thawh tur bik ruat te.
iv. Thawhdan kimchang ziak ngei a inhriattir.
v. A ziak dan tur ruat ang thlapin, fel tak a a enkawlna
dan kimchang ziak a chhinchhiah.
vi. Zir thiam bik te heng Pump operator/ mechanic te nena
thawh ho.
vii. A hmanraw thlakna tur heng – a part thenkhat –a kilhna,
pipe etc te hi lo neih khawl a, lehkha buah chung chu
lakkhawm anih dan leh hman tur a pek chuah dan kim
chang vawn tur.
viii. Private agency, O& M a tana rawih te vil, diktaka an
thawh nan fuih leh tih chak.
ix. Tui lakna a bungraw hlu zawng zawng te mumal taka
endik.
x. Nitina tui pekchhuah dan kimchang ziahna endik fo.
xi. Electric hman hman tlem tur a beih.
xii. Pipe atanga tui putru leh pipe ti pawpa tui ruk bo a
nih loh nana hma lak.
Operator awm loh thulh ah VCWSC/ VWSC member mimal te hnenah
tui lakna enkawl kawnga mawhphurhna- hna vil leh endik hna,
operator tih tur te lo ti ve mai tur a chan pual pek a ni thei
bawk
O & M chak zawkna tura mipui vantlang tih tur enge ni?
O & M atana vantlangin sum an thawh khawm hian neitu nihna an
neih phah sawt a, hmanrua chu an dim in a venna lamah pawh tan
an la sawt a, chu chuan tui lakna chu a tlo phah sawt a ni.
Vantlang sum thawhkhawm chu O & M atan sum tlo leh hlu,
daihzai tak a ni bawk. VC te chuan tui lakna siamthat leh
enkawl kawnga thutlukna chu vantlang inkhawmah heng- hmeichhia
te, mihnuaihnung zawk te leh in nei tawk tawk chin pawh tel
vekin an siam ngei tur a ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
52
Thingtlang mite tui lakna a O & M kalpuina ah hian hian tute
nge VC thawhpui tu?
Vantlang mite telna hian thingtlang khua a tui lakna ah hian
mipuite chu a neitu nihna a pe/ a neihtir a. hei hian mipuite
chu an duh duh in engkim an ti thei e tihna erawh a ni lo.
Vantlang nena thawh hona hlawk ber chu, vantlang huap pawl
heng VCWSC/VWSC te nena VC kaihhruaina a, tualchhung atang
ngei leh khaw pawn lam atang pawha hmanraw (Resource)/puihna
alak hi a ni. Heng pui theitu te hi PHED, RWSS Department,
Block/ mandal/district level PRIs leh NGOs te an ni.
O & M a tana ruahmanna (O & M Plan) chu engting nge ni ang?
VC te hnena tui lakna chu hlan a nih chiah khan, VCWSC/VWSC
te chu kumkhat chhunga sum hman tur leh ruahmanna ( annual
plan & Budget) O & M atan siam tir an ni anga. Hei hi zau
zawka inrawnna neih hnua tih tur a niin, vantlang inkhawm a
sawihona leh thu tih tlukna tak chu siam tur a ni. He
ruahmanna siamah hian thawhtur ruangam, a hun ruahman te, a
sum senso tur te, leh a han thawh mawh phur tu tur te a lang
tel ngei tur a ni.
Hand pump a lo chhiatin engtin nge kan tih ang?
Hand pump (Tui pumpna) emaw tui khur emaw chu a chhiat palh
chuan, a chhiat velah VCWSC/VWSC te chuan a enfiah turin
mechanic an ko vat ang. Zirna neilo mi tumah khawl chu khawih
tir tur a ni lo, an khawih chhe zual theiin harsatna nasa zawk
an thlen thei a ni. A siam thatna a enkawl tu chuan mechanic
chu pipe chawi pui leh hmanraw lak sak thuah a pui tur a ni.
Siam that a nih hnuah, hming sign/ kut zunVCui nem na tur a
form siamah hming ziah ngei tur a ni. Hei hian a enkawl leh
vil that bakah tui lakna hnar chhe tur a a pui hle a ni.
Mechanic in a siam mai theih loh heng- pipe chim chhia thlak
ngai te, a chhuat thlak hlawk ngai te leh tui chhe paihna
chhia angah te hian VCWSC/VWSC leh mechanic te nena sawiho tur
a ni. Chuta mechanic ringawt siam theih thil a nih loh chuan,
zau zawka tanpuina zawn tur a ni.
Tui sem/ lakna a O & M plan leh a rorelna lam leh sum leh pai
lamah te hian tu nge thurawn petu tur?
VC kaihhruaina hnuaiah, VCWSC/VWSC te hian tui lakna kawng a
rorel leh O & M a tan a sum hman chungchang an enkawl ang.
VCWSC/ VWSC te chuan a hunbi neiin VC leh vantlang inkhawm ah
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
53
report an pe thin ang a, an pawmpuina hengah te hian an la
tur a ni bawk:
O & M annual plan
O & M annual Budget
O & M Budget ruahmanna sorkar kum thar a mi tur ( kum
liamta a tanga enmil a sum sen belh ngai tur hriain a in
thar siam/ sak that emaw a chei thatna atana sum tih pun
belhna tur telin)
Heng budget te hi VC in a hman man lak tur leh
ngaihhnathiamna (concession) siam dan tur. etc. thlengin
an ngaihtuah tel ang.
O & M budget a chuan a hnuai a table 10 na a tarlan senso te
hi a tel tur a ni.
Table 10: O & M budget a senso langtel tur te
Type of cost
(Senso na tur)
Cost component
(senso a tel te)
Electrict man
(Electricity)
A man tlawm ber man (minimum demand
charge)
Hmanral zat man (consumption charge)
Tax
Siam thatna
(Minor repairs)
Spring intake/ head works
Pumps
Water treatment plants
Storage and distribution pipelines
Customer services
Water safety
Connections
IEC (a puanzarna
lam)
awareness generating activities
Water quality laboratory tests
Hmanralte
(Consumables)
Spares
Chemical
Admin (stationary, transport,
telephone. Etc)
Tools
Salaries and wages
(hlawh a tan a
hman)
Operator (manager)
Hand pump caretakers
Pump operators
Bill colletors
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
54
Watermen
Contract labour
Others
Training for operator
fot VCWSC/VWSC members
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
55
Annual Budget siamna atana duan bik chu enge ni?
Table 11: Format for the annual O & M budget.
Expenditure (hmanralna) Income (lakluhna)
Particulars Units Value/
Amount
Particulars Units Value/
Amount
Electrict man
(Electricity)
Rs./month XXX No. of domestic connections Number
Siam thatna
(Minor
repairs)
Rs./month XXX No. of non-domestic/ commercial
connections
Number
Salaries and
wages
(hlawh a tan
a hman)
Rs./month XXX Monthly tariff for domestic
connections
Rs./month XXX
Hmanralte
(Consumables)
Rs./month XXX Monthly tariff for non-
domestic/ commercial
connections
Rs./month XXX
Water quality Rs./month XXX Other revenenues,
Eg, Community stand post,
institution
Rs./month XXX
Training Rs./month XXX Total amount billed per month Rs./month XXX
IEC Rs./month XXX Total amount collected per
month
Rs./month XXX
Collection efficiency (= amount
billed/ amount collected)
Per cent
Estimated income from water
revenues
Rs./ Year XXX
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
56
Total expenditure XXX Total income XXX
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
57
Service improvement plan hi enge a nih?
SIP hi VC ten an duan a ni a. tui hnar leh tui lakna sak
(tuikhur/ pipe etc) te a that zawk nana hna thawh tur duan kim
tarlanna a ni. Hnathawh hlawkpui a nihna tur beisei te, a
senso tur a ruahmante, hnathawh zawh hun chhung tur a ruatchin
te a tel vek a ni. VC ten RWSS leh /PHE department te an dawr
hunah Plan a hna thawh tur ruahman tin te chu, a hna ruangam
leh a sum senso te an tarlan tel tur a ni. Engemaw bik, plan-a
tel si lo mahse hmanhmawh taka thil tih tul si heng- a khawl
part thlak ngai thut te, a tui hnar fuh tawk lo etc ang te a
awm thei a. heng harsatna sut kian nan hian, VC ten heng
vantlang sum thawhkhawm, NRDWP fund, VC te fund etc. te a
ngaihtuah mai thei a ni.
Entirnan: Nagarikpur VC chuan Netaji hmun a cheng te a tang in
sak thar 10 ah tui connection pek a ngaihthu dilna an dawng a,
chung in te chuan VC ten a man an bithliah anga a man pek an
huam thu an dawng tel bawk. VCWSC meetingah chu thu chu
ngaihtuah a ni a, RWSS department engineer thurawn ang leh
ruahmanna siam a nih angin a ruangam duan chu VC ah thehluh a
ni ta a. chung in thar 10 te chu tui pek theih a nih thu leh
tui pipe 200m a thu a ngaih tur pawh hriat a niin, a senso tur
chhut chhuah pawh cheng 50000 a ngai dawn a ni. VC chuan chung
zawng zawng chu SIP a water security planah an telh ta a. he
rawtna hi table 12 nana tarlan ang hian thehluh a ni.
Table 12 : SIP proposal format
Name of VC
(VC hming)
Proposed
service
improvement
work (hna
that zawk
nana
hmalakna
tur
ruahman)
Expected
benefits
(hnathawh,
hlawkpui
natur a
beisei te)
Estimated
cost (sum
senso tur
ruahman)
When is it
proposes to
be taken up
(hna thawh
zawh a nih
beisei hun)
Nagarikpur Temple
street hmun
atanga
kawtthler
no 10 na
Netaji
colony
Netaji
colony a in
10 in tui
connection
thar an
neih phah
ang
50,000 Thlakhat
chhung
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
58
thleng tui
pipe 200m a
thui phum
tharna
SIP a telh chi thil dang chu- tui pump chhuahna hmun siamna
hmanraw lakna te, pipe hman lai tih changtlunna tur te, tui
lakna hnar tihchakna lam etc. te a ni.
Sum lakluh leh a vawn dan chung chang (Revenue management
system)
Sum lakluh leh a vawn that dan chung chang hi water supply
system ah hian a pawimawh em em a, sum tlo leh daihzai danah
kawngro a sut em vangin. Hei mi chung change thil awm tel te
chu:
1. Tariff plan ( tui lakna man bithliah chungchang)
2. Billing and collection. (a man chawi zat leh a lakkhawm
lam)
Tariff Plan: „Tariff‟ hi tui lakna man tui semtu lam-
VCWSC/VWSC/VC ten an bithliah chu a ni a. Tariff siam hi O &
M a senso leh mipui te tana hnathawh dan mil a siam tur a ni.
O & M a senso tur te hi heng a hnuaia tarlante hre reng hian
ruahman tur a ni:
Thawktute hlawh
Electric hman man
A repairna leh a enkawlna dang
Bleaching powder
A tih fai man
Hetah hian VC te chuan mipui intluk tlanna leh mi hnuaihnung
leh harsa zawkte, BPL te leh hmun kilkhawr zawk a cheng te
ngaihhnathiamna hre reng chungin hma an la tur a ni.
A dawrtu te thliar hran (categorization of customers)
Tariff duan a nih lai hian a dawrtu tur te chu a hnuaia tarlan
ang hian thliar fel tur a ni:
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
59
Tui semna (vantlang tana semna) a tanga tui chawi te : he
tah hian mi harsa leh rethei zawk te an awm bera, tui man
tlawm thei ang ber tuk tur a ni.
Mahni ina tui connection hranpa nei thei chin: he tah
hian O & M atana sum hman ral tlanVCui kha- tui a
chuahna hmun a tanga la te leh sumdawnna kaihhnawih atan
tui la te a tanga sum hmuhin a tlin lohna, a bang zawng
kha sem ral tur a ni. Mamawh ngawih ngawih heng BPL
chhunkua angte hi chu hriatthiamna pek ngei tur a ni
thung a, intluktlanna atan subsidy a tih tlawm sak pawh a
tha a ni.
Sumdawnna kaihhnawih leh zirna in/ sorkar hmun : he tah
hian Hostels, restaurant, dawr, factory, sikul etc te an
tel a. sumdawnna thil a hmang an nih avangin a lak man
pawh mimal in a chawi aiin a sang deuh bik thin tur a ni.
Amawherawhchu, a chunga tarlan te khi a ni bur tur tihna ni
lova. VC ten sum an hmuh dan leh an mil tawk nia an hriat
angin an duangin an siam rem thei a ni.
Billing and collection: VC/VCWSC/VWSC te chuan tui hmang tut
e hnen atangin tui hman man an la ang a, chung chu tui lakna
thuam thatna atan leh vilna atan an hmang ang. A lak man
khawn/ lak khawm hi operators te leh bill collectors, he hna
thawk tura ruat ten an nei thin ang. A man lak chu:
a) VC/VCWSC/VWSC office a counter ah
b) Intinah a khawntu tur a ruat ten an khawn ang.
c) Cheque hmangin lehkha pekna hmunah an dah thei bawk
d) Bank ah emaw online hmangin emaw a ni thei bawk.
A man pekna lam te chuan receipts leh a chhinchhiahna lehkhabu
hun bi te te a ziakna an hmang ang. Sum lam bik hi tha zawk
leh dik zawk a tih nan computer hmanga pek leh chhinchhiah
pawh a ni thei.
Sum lam leh inrelbawlna lama VCWSC/VWSC te mawhphurhna.
VC chuan VCWSC/VWSC te chu a hnuai table no 13 a tarlan ang
hian tih tur a tuk thei.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
60
Table 13: Financial and administrative responsibilities
Sum lama VCWSC/VWSC te mawhphurhna Inrelbawlna lama VCWSC/VWSC te mawhphurhna
President, secretary leh treasurer ten
joint Bank Account an hawng ang
Tui hman man a hun taka khawn a nih nan an
bei ang a, pe tha duh lo te chu umzuiin a
pung nen an chawitir ang.
Tui hman man lak khawm leh sumhmuh dangte
chu dawn a nih atanga darkar 24 chhung
ngeiin bank ah an dah tha ang.
VCWSC/VWSC treasurer chuan nitina sum hman
dan ziahna a vawng tha ang a, dik takin a
hunah taka a ziak lut thin ang.
Ledger a vawng fel anga, tui hmangtuten
tui man an pek leh thil tul dang chu a
chhinchhiah thlap ang.
Vantlang inkhawm( Gram Sabha)ah an
Account te chu an thehlut ang
Khawl bungraw thlakna (Spare parts) lak
velna (a tul anga mithiam rawn chungin)
Hmanraw khawlkhawmna lehkhabu vawnthat
Sum tul tur te lo thlirlawk leh tui lakna
hnar/ a semna hmun te ruat.
Tui la thar (new connection) tur leh la
tawh te tihtawp sakna (disconnections) a
thu neih.
O & M lam a hma lakna te rorelpui leh a
tul anga endik fo
O & M hnathawh te tih chak tur a beih
Tui that zawng (water quality) chu a tha
tawk tih finfiah
Thil neih te chu thlak an ngaih leh ngaih
loh thlithlai leh sum lama buai lo tura
beih.
Tui hmangtu te tan an harsatna thlenna
remchang siam sak.
BRC emaw pawl dang remchang te tanpuina a
training leh IEC lam (awareness) lam a hma
lak.
Table 14: Sources of funds available to the VC
Sl.No Purpose ( mamawh a nihna chhan) Sources of Funds (sum hmuhna)
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
61
1 Tui lakna thar siamna tur NRDWP, MGNREGS, sum thawhchhuah ve hrim hrim,mi
tlawmngai te sum pek, untied funds, tui man lak khawm
2 Tui lakna hnar a tlo leh daihrei
zawkna tur sakna
NRDWP, MGNREGS, NRLM, sum thawhchhuah ve hrim hrim,mi
tlawmngai te sum pek, untied funds, tui man lak khawm
3 O & M NRDWP, state leh central finance commission grants, sum
thawhchhuah ve hrim hrim, mi tlawmngai te sum pek,
untied funds, tui man lak khawm
4 Tui that loh thu hla a harsatna
sut kian nan
NRDWP, sum thawhchhuah ve hrim hrim,mi tlawmngai te sum
pek, untied funds, tui man lak khawm
5 Training leh IEC hma lak nan
O & M hriat belh duh chuan: http://www.gov.in/sites/upload_files/ddws/files/pdf/manual_for_operation_and
Maintenance_of_Rural_Water_supply_scheme.pdf en rawh.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
62
BUNG 8
CHHIATNA THLEN LAIA TUI LAM ENKAWLNA (MANAGEMENT OF
DRINKING WATER DURING DISASTERS)
Chhiatna a thlen laia tui hnianghnar taka neih hi hun pangaia
tui neih aiin a pawimawh zawk a ni. Leilung chhiatna a thlen
lai hian mipuite chuan an in leh lo an chhuahsan fo thin a, an
in an chhuah san lo a nih pawhin tui in tur harsatna an
hmachhawn fo a ni. Hei hian, tui thianghlim intur hnianghnara
pek kawngah leh bawlhlawh enkawl kawngah harsatna nasa tak a
thlenin a duhawm loh hle a ni. Hetia chhiatna a lo thlen hian,
mipui te chu a barakhaih em em a, ei in hrisel tawk lo an ei a
an in avangin an hriselna a lo tla hniam a, an lungngaia, an
chau in an inhliam fo bawk a ni. Hetiang hunah hian,
vawilehkhatah intin te leh vantlang thianghlimna chu a lo tla
hniam ta vak thin a, chu chuan intina chengte hriselna chu
dinhmun derthawngah a siam ta thin a ni. Heng thil pahnih-
tuithianghlim intur leh faina leh thianhlimna lam te hian
chhiatna a lo thlen hian inkungkaihna nasa tak mai an nei a.
entirnan: chhiatna a lo thlen lai hian khawlaia ek te,
bawlhlawh tuiril leh sakhat, ran thi ruang etc. te hian tui
intur te chu a lo ti bawlhlawh a. chhiatna a lo thlen laia tui
sawngbawl thianghlim tawk loh vang hian chung tui
tihthianghlim loh chu chhiatna thlenna hmun a mi chengten an
in phah thei a ni. Hetiang chiah hian, tui hnianghnar tawk
lohna avang chuan tui mamawh tawk in lohna emaw tui thianghlim
tawk lo pawh in mai duhna emaw a thlen ve bawk a ni.
Entir nan: Tui len lai hian, tui thianghlim intur neih hi a
pawimawh em em a, a chhan chu VC huamchhunga tui intur ah te
chuan tuilian chu lutin natna a a awm awl em em a ni. Chutiang
hunah chuan, mipuite chu an in leh lo chhuahsan a hmun him
lama an awm a ngai thin bawk a ni. Tui thianghlim intur
ngaihthahna hian tui atanga inkaichhawn theih natna a ti puang
awlsam hle a. chhiatna a thlen meuh hi chuan mitin hi dinhmun
in ang tlang kan ni thin a.hetiang hun a lo thlen hian VC te
chuan chhungkaw tinin tui hnianghnara an hmuh theih dan hi an
chian tur a niin an ngai pawimawh hle tur a ni.
Chhiatna a lo thlen thut hun laia Tui thianghlim pek chung
chang a VC te mawhphurhna chu enge a nih?
VC te mawhphurhna chuan :
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
63
a) Chhiatnathlen hma a hmalakna : chhiatna a thlen tak tak
hmain chhiatna thleng thei laka lo in rin lawkna an nei
ang.
b) Chhiatna a lo thlen lain: chhiatna a lo thlen lai a a sut
kian dan tur hma an la ang.
c) Chhiatna a thlen hnuah: chhiatna a thlen zawh hnuah dik
takin hma an la ang.
VC ten chhiatna a thlen hma a an hmalakna tur te chu eng te
nge?
1. VC tin ten VC/ Village Disaster Manacement Committee
(VDMC) an din ang a, an khaw chhunga chhiatna lo thlen
thulh atan ruahmanna (Village Disaster plan) an siam ang.
He ruahmanna ah hian –tunhma a chhiatna thleng tawh te
chanchin kimchang, tui kaihhnawih lam a an lo tawnhriat
tawh te, faina leh thianghlimna lam a hmalak dan te, hmun
him lo lai leh chenna hmun bikte, tlawmngaih chhuah dan
leh hma lak a nih dan te, hun liam tawha tawnhriatte
tarlan tel tur a ni. Entir nan: tui pump chhuahna dawhsan
chu tui lenlaia a chim phak loh a siam leh adang te. VC
chuan he ruahmanna ah hian hna thawh leh hmalak dan tur
kim chang tarlangin, „enge, khawiahnge, engtikah nge,
engtiangin nge, tih leh tunge‟ tih thlengin hmalak dan
tur chu an tarlang tur a ni.
2. Tui lakna atana rawtna leh scheme thlanna an neih laiin
VC te chuan,Technical lama puihna te hmangin an khaw tui
lakna chu chhiatna lo thleng palh thei laka tan a lo him
zawkna tur ruahmanna an siam tel ang.
3. Khawchung a chhiatna lo thlen palha inralrinna tur duan
(disaster plan) ah chuan, bur/ bela tui khawlna tam tawk
a tel tur a ni a. atul danm a zira tui zem hnai ber
atanga tui awlsam taka lak dan tur ruahmanna a tel ngei
tur a ni.
4. VC te chuan Radio leh TV a chanchinthar te an thlithlai
rengin chhiatna lo thleng thut thei hnai vai a awm leh
awm loh te an ngaihven anga, an tui lakna leh tui
khawlna te a him na turin a remchan dan ang zelin hma an
la ang.
5. Tui lakna kawnga buaina leh harsatna thleng thei a bikin
pipe chiangkuan lohna awm te hriatchhuah vata a siam
thatna lama hma lak vat tur a ni.
6. Tui lakna leh a lakna hnar vela thianghlimna kalpui dan
te a hmuna kalin an enfiah fo ang a, chhiatna thlen thut
thei venna turin hma an la ang.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
64
7. Thlichhia paih dan leh tih riralna a tan dan khauh tak an
siam tur a ni.
8. Technical lama amithiam leh mimal mechanic te hmanraw
mamawh kimchang nen mamawh huna hman mai theih an nei tur
a ni.
9. Chhiatna a lo thlen thut hunah pawh heng H2S vials,
bleching powder, chlorine mum etc. te hi tui tih
thianghlim na turin tam tawk an kawl tur a ni.
10. Tui luanglo heng tuichhunchhuah, tui khur leh in
vela tui a natna hrik ti hlum thei tur hmanrua tam tawk
an kawl bawk tur a ni.
11. VC te chu mipuite hnenah tui atanga kaitheih natna
laka him dan te an zirtir anga. Chung natna laka himna
tur a tan heng Tui chhuanso, chlorination etc te hi a
bikin hmeichhia te an hrilh ang.
12. Lirnghing ang lo tak in, hrng tuilian leh khawkheng
te hi chu a thleng thut ngai lo a. muang changin tanin
hun engemaw chen hnuah tui harsatna a thlen chauh thin a
ni. Heng hun atan hian Ground Water Board a tanga
technical lama puihna hmanga lei hnuai tui lak maid an
tur ruahmanna siam tur a ni.
13. VC te chu RWSS Department/ PHED te nen thawh hona
tha tak neiin, chhiatna eng pawh lo thleng thut thei laka
lo inralrin dan leh hmalak dan turte an sawiho ang.
Chhiatna a lo thlen laia hmalakna turte chu eng te nge ni ang?
1. Chhiatna a lo thlen lai hian tui lakna kawnga hmalak
mekte chu a theih hram chuan tihtawp loh tur a ni a, a
chhanchu thianghlim tawk lohna hun a awm te tan harsatna
nasa zawk a thlen a hlauhawm a ni. A chunga lo in
rinlawkna tarlan te ang khian hma lak a nih chuan
chhiatna leh channa chu a ti ziaawm ngei ang.
2. Tui thianghlimna chhe zel tur venna a tan chuan ekin loa
ek thlahdah mai mai hi ven tlat tur a ni a, hemi atan
hian ekin hman mai tur pek ngei tur a ni. ( chenna
bulhnaiah chuan)
3. Tui hi hmundang tuizam atang emawa lak a nih chuan,
intinin tui an lak dan chu mumal taka kalpui tur a ni a,
a tul phei chuan intin chan tur ruat sak ni sela, tichuan
intinin tui khamkhawp an hmu thei dawn a ni.
4. Thil dang a tui hman tur a tana tui sem dan pawh mumal
taka siam tur a ni a, chu chuan thianghlimna lamah a pui
hle dawn a ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
65
Chhiatna thlen zawh hnua hma lak dan tur te chu enge ni?
1. Chhiatna thlen hnua VC te hmalakna tur tul hmasa ber chu
tui lakna leh a vel a tui te an thianghlim dan a pawimawh
dan in data enfiah chu a ni a. RWSS department/ PHED lam
puihna hmangin VC te chuan tui chu hriselna atana
ahlauhawm lohna turin hma an la ang. Sum lama tanpuina
pawh a tul chuan RWSS engineer te rawn chungin agency ah
ang zawng ang.
2. Faina leh thianghlimna lamah VCWSC/VWSc te chuan hma an
la ang a, ran thi ruang tih riral dan leh bawlhlawh paih
thlahdah chungchang chu an ngaih pawimawh hmasak ber tur
a ni bawk.
3. Tui thianghlim neih kawng a hma lakna hman mek dana tanga
zirchhuakin hun lo la kal zel tur atana aremchang leh
hlawk zawk tura ruahmanna chu duan chhuah tur a ni.
Chhiatna a lo thlen lai chuan VC te chu chhiatna in a nghawng
te hnena tui an mamawh phuhru tawk tal rang taka pek chu an
mawhphurhna a ni a, chubakah chhiatna thlenna leh a chhehvel a
thianghlimna lam kalpui chu a ni. Chung chu tih a nih chuan,
mi chanhai leh hnuai hnung te, hmeichhia leh naupang, kut tual
leichham etc te chuan ngaihsak an hlawh bawk tur a ni.
Hriatbelh duh tan hengte hi en tur :
1. “Standard Operating Procedure for Responding to Natural
Disasters- RDWSS”, 2011 (Ministry of Dringking Water and
Sanitation, Government of India)
2. Manual on Water and Environmental Sanitation for Disaster
Management, Dr.Subbiah Ponnuraj, World Health
Organization (WHO)
Heng te hi www.modws.gov.in ah en theih in a awm bawk.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
66
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
67
BUNG 9
THINGTLANGA TUI THIANGHLIMNA TURA RUAHMANNA (VILLAGE
WATER SECURIRY PLAN)
Zirlai hmasa ah te khan thingtlang khua a tui thianghlim
hnianghnara pek kawnga harsatna awm thei leh a tih dan tur
chanchin kan zir a. tui thianghlim neih a nihna tur atana
ruahmanna siam kawngah mipui te an telve a tul zia leh an
pawimawh zia pawh kan zir bawk. He thilah hian thuneitu sang a
tanga ruahmanna leh hma lakna kawnga thutlukna siam ai chuan
VC level a ruahmanna leh thutlukna siam leh hmalak chu a
hlawkzawkin a tha zawk tih chu kan hre chiang tawh bawk.
Tui thianghlim leh him hnianghnara neih hi hrisel taka kan
awmna a tan a tul tak zet a ni tih kan hre bawk a. „him‟ kan
tih awmzia chu, tui chu eng natna hrik mahin a tih buai loh
leh taksa tana hlauhawm engmah awm lo chu a ni.. tin,
„hnianghnar‟ kan tih awmzia pawh hi eitur siamna a hman a tan
te, in a tan te, leh mimal faina atan te a tui tam tawk neih
chu a ni. A lehlamah chuan, tui hnianghnar kan neih chuan kan
hriselna kan vawng tha thei dawn a ni.
Thingtlang khaw tui a lo thianghlimna tura ruahmanna chu enge?
(What is a Village water security plan?)
Thingtlang khua a tui thianghlim neihna tura ruahmanna ah
chuan tuna tui lakna hman mek chanchin – tui lakna hnar te,
scheme te, khawchhung chanchin kimchangte, tuna harsatna tawh
mek te leh sum hmuh a nih huna chung harsatna sutkianna tura
rawtna te tarlan a ni a. he ruahhmanna (Village water security
plan) hi VC te leh khawchhung mipuiten RWSS department /
PHED/ boards/ leh hemi lama mi thiamte puihna tela an duan/
siam tur a ni. Hei hi NRDWP a tanga tanpuina hmuh nan a tel a
ngai ngei ngei a ni.
Tui thianghlim neihna/ lakna kawnga “A AW B CH D” chu
A - A khaw chhunga tui awm zat, mamawh zat, a lak dan, tuna buaina leh harsatna
awm thei etc te hriat.
AW - Awm na hmuna atul dan a zir zela intluktlang taka tui neihna tura hmalak.
B - Bawhchhiat loh tur a dan leh hrai etc. zawm tur duan.
CH - chanpual bik an neih te VCWSC/VWSC/ ward members/ leh vantlang mipui ten a
hlen.
D - Duhsakna leh puihna PHED/RWSS department/ boards/ leh hemilam a hmalatu te
a tanga dawn.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
68
He ruahmannaah hian mipui tam zawng chanchin kimchang te, khaw
ruangam te, tui lakna hnar neih te, tui lak/ hmuhna neih mek
te, tuna tui neih lai tih phuisuina tura ruahmanna te,
khawchhunga tui lakna a tana sum hmuhna beisei leh RWSP a
tanga sum mamawh zat te tarlan a ni.
He plan hi district chhung leihnuaia tui awmdan lanna map
(ground water prospect map) hmanga duan tur a ni a, hei hi tui
awmdan lanna atanga enfiah hnuah pek vek a ni.
Chiang zawka hre tur leh he ruahmmanna ruangam hre tur hian: A
handbook for Village Council ah en theih a ni. Chu lehkhabu
chu
http:/www.wsp.org/sites/wsp.org/files/publications/WSP_Panchay
ats_web .pdf ah en theihin a awm a ni.
Thingtlang khua a tui thianghlim neihna tur a ruahmanna ah
chuan engte nge tel? (what are the main parts of a village
water security plan)
Tui intur neih a nih rengna turin , thingtlanga tui thianghlim
neih a nina tura ruahmanna (Village water security plan) ah
chua hengte hia tel tur a ni:
I. Tuihnar a lo tlo leh daih reina tur a ruahmanna.
II. Tui chu natna laka him/ thianghlim a nihna tur a
ruahmanna.
III. Hmalak dan tur ruahmanna
IV. A thawh/ sem dan tur ruahmanna.
Note: he ruahmanna siam dan hi chu zirlai hmasa lamah khan a
tel tawh a ni.
Thingtlanga tui thianghlim neih a nihnatur a ruahmanna
hlawhtling chuan enge a thlen beisei a nih?
Tui thianghlim neihna atana ruahmanna tha chuan hun reiah
hengte hi a thlen ngei dawn a ni:
i. Tuihnar tha leh tlo
ii. Tui lak dan tha leh tlo
iii. A enkawlna phung tha leh tlo (VCWSC/VWSC/PRIs te dah
pawimawhna atangin)
iv. Hlauhawm thleng thei laka inhumhimna te, faina leh
thianghlimna tha zawk nen.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
69
Thingtlanga tui thianghlim neihna leh tui lakdan phung
remchang zawk thlanna a tana thu tluk dan chu engtiang nge?
A hmun a kal a enfiahna neih zawh a nih hnu leh thil tul
dangte tih fel a nih hnuah vantlang inkhawm (Gram Sabha) chu
koh a ni anga, hetah hian tualchhung mite, VC aiawhte,
VCWSC/VWSC member te, hnathawktu zawng zawng leh technical lam
mithiam te an tel bawk ang. He inkhawm ah hian RWSS
department/ PHED/boards/ hemi lam khawih agency a Technical
lam mithiam ten thil nih dan phung leh thil tul awm thei te,
sum leh pai ngai thlengin chipchiar takin an sawi fiah anga,
hemi hnu hian sawihona neih tur a niin sawihona atangin VC te
chuan an khaw tana tha leh remchang ber ni a an hriat leh duh
tlan chu an thlang ang. Technical lam mithiam te chuan chu an
duh thlan chhuah chuan sum leh pai leh thil tul dang a mamawh
tur zawng zawng chipchiar takin an sawifiah leh ang. O & M
atana dan te leh inzata tui dawn ho a nih dan tur te pawh
sawiho bawk tur a ni.
He inkhawm hi neih a tulna te chu:
Harsatna awmthei chipchiara hriat chhuah.
Chung harsatna te chu a tihreh dan sawi ho.
Duh thlan tur awm te ziah chhuah.
Tui hnar / hmuhna hnar tlo leh daihrei zawk neihna tur a
thu tih tluk
A tihdan phung (system) duh thlan leh sum tul zat te, O &
M a tana sen zat tur te tih fel.
Hengah te hian thu tih tluk:
a) Tui pek dan tur chungchanga tihdan pungah
b) Tui rual tlanga chan a nihna a tan
c) O & M a sum tul tur leh a hmuh beiseina te thliar
VCWSC/VWSC member te, pump operator te, mechanic te, tui
semtu te, supervisor te tana training tul tur hriat.
Thingtlang a tui thianghlim sem a nihna tur ruahmanna
(Village water security plan) a thu tawp siam.
NRDWP kaihhruaina dan ah chuan Village water security plan hi
tanpuina sum hmu tur chuan an neih/ siam ngei ngei a ngai a
ni. He ruahmanna siam tur hian MDWS a format chu hman ve mai
theih a ni. He format ah hian ruahmanna atana thil tul tur
zawng zawng a awm kim vek a. a ruahmana ah hian VC ten an khaw
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
70
chhunga intin an enfiah (survey) nate, an khaw chung chanchin
chipchiara ziahna te, etc leh DWSM a an thehluhna chu thil
tul a ni mai a. he ruahmanna siam tur hian VC te chuan
PHED/RWSS department a mithiam (Technical persons) te an ngen
thei bawk a ni.
Figure 4: Dinking water supply ladder
Pipe
hmasawnna
hmasawnlo
Tui intur a tanga Mipa leh hmeichhe intluk tlanna.
National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) in a sawi dan chuan,
India rama mi pakhatina tui kan chan theih hi a tlem sawt hle
a, india ram thingtlanga tui intur a innghahna ber leihnuai
lam tui pawh hi a kang mek zel a ni. India rama mi pakhat in
tui a neih theih zat chu a tla hniam hlein, kum 1951 ah khan
mi pakhatin kum khatah 5200 cubic metre (cu m) a nih laiin
tunah chuan 1700 cu m/ year bawr vel chiah a ni tawh a, kum
2050 ah phei chuan mhring pung chho zel nen, 1341 cu m/year a
ni tawh ngei dawn a ni. Hei hian mihringte ei in tur tui
hniang hnara a awm na tur a ruahmanna (a plan for water
security) a awm a tul tak zet tih a ti chiang hle a ni.
Thingtlang khuaah tui harsatna nasa tak a thleng tep tawh a,
hei hi leihnuai tui an hmanral nasat vang niin NSSO chuan a
sawi. Hei vang hian, kum 2012 ah khan thingtlanga hmeichhia za
a 54 (54%) te chu nitin tui chawi turin 200 m leh 5 Km hial an
Inchhunga tui lak nan: inchhunga tui lak
kualna pipe
Tui lakna hnar a hmasawnna dang te: vantlang tui
lakna point, tuichhunchhuah/ tuikhur, leikhura venhim
tui, ruahtui leh tuihna venhim
Tui lak/hmuhna hnar hmasawn lo: lei khura tui ven him
that loh, tuihna humhalh that loh, tawlailira tui lak him si
lo, leipawnlang tui (lui, dil, etc) leh bottle a thun tui.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
71
kal a ngai der tawh a ni. Tui chawia kal nan a tlanVCuiin
minute 20 an hmanga, tui khurah minute 15 dang an hmang thin
bawk. Hmeichhia ten tui chawi nana hun an hman zat hi kum
khatah darkar 210 a tling a, ti chuan an inchhungkhur hna
thawhna hun ni 27 lai tui chawi nan an lo hmang a nih chu.
Dannaranin hmeichhia te hian in lama tui hmantur hi an
buaipuiin harsatna namen lo pawh an tawk bawk a ni. VC te
VCWSC/VWSC te hian hmeichhia te tana tui lak kawnga himna hi
an ngaihtuah pui ngei tur a ni. Hemi atan hian, NRDWP
kaihhruaina chuan tui lakna ah hian a hnuaia hmalakna tur te
hi a sawi a ni:
Thingtlang in tinah pipe hmanga tui thianghlim hnianghnar
a pek a nih chuan hei hian nu leh hmeichhe naupang te a
chhawk zangin a bik takin tui chawi hahthlakna lakah te,
ei in chhiat vanga buaina lakah te pawh a chhawk anga,
lehkha zirna hun leh chawlh hahdamna hunte an nei ve
anga, hmun hla tak taka tui an chawia an kalkawnga tuia
natna lo awm/ lut tur lakah pawh an him dawn tihna a ni.
Thutlukna siamnaah hmeichhia te an tel ngei a ni tih
chian tur a ni.
Thingtlanga tui lakna ah chuan a ruahmanna siam zawng
zawng, a taka a hlawhtlinnana thawh leh a enkawl leh
vilzuinaah hmeichhia te an tel ve zel tur a ni.
VWSC memberah hian a lo berah hmeichhia te a bikin SC,ST
leh OBC atang za a 50 (50%) an tel ngei tur a ni.
IEC hmalaknaah hmeichhia te an tel ve ngei tur a ni.
Hmeichhe tangrual pawl (women‟s association) te chuan
vantlang mite telve na tur thilah chakzawkin hma a lakpui
thei a ni.
Thiam bikna ngai chi thilah pawh hmeichhia te hi telh tur
an ni a, hand pump enkawl leh O & M lamah pawh midang
aiin an dim theim zawk a ni.
Hmeichhe hand pump enkawl leh viltu (Caretaker) an awm
ngei tur a ni.
Scheme chu a hlawhtling tawk tihna lehkha (certificate)
siam a nihin hmeichhe pawl (women‟s group) ten an
pekchhuah a ni ngei tur a ni.
Tui intur lakna leh enkawl kawngah hian hmeichhia te an tel
that chuan hlawhtlinna tam tak a thleng thin a ni. Entir nan:
Gujarata VC hrang hrangah, women Sarpanches leh Pani Samiti
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
72
member te zarah hmanlai chindan thalo te, vantlang hmasawnna
daltu chu ti boin mipa te pawh tui lakna atan an theihna leh
sum leh pai hial pawh an thawh tir a ni. Hmun tam takah tui
lakna enkawl leh vil kawngah mawh an phur a ni. Tamil Nadu a
Sandaipatti khua ah chuan VWSC member hmeichhia te chu Water
Budget siam tu an ni. Thingtlang khaw thenkjatah pawh
hmeichhia te chu tui pumps siam tu (Mechanic) an ni bawk.
BUNG 10
NATIONAL RURAL DRINKING WATER PROGRAMME (RAMPUM HUAPA
THINGTLANG A TUI LAKNA PROGRAMME)
Thingtlanga tui lakna Programme lo kalpui tawh thin te atangin
India sawrkar chuan chung programme hlui Accelerated Rural
Water Supply Programme (ARWSP) chu a siam thain Programme
thar- The NRDWP chu ni 1 April, 2009 khan a hmang tan ta a
ni. NRDWP chuan central atang veka hmalak na zawng zawng
kalpui thin chu a ti boin tualchhung mite, PRIs te leh
department lam te tel a hma lakna chuan a thlak ta a ni.
NRDWP a chin dan thar hman tak te chu:
Mipui chenna atui tih thlen ringawt ni loin intina tui
thlen tir chu a ni.
Intin ten tui thianghlim an neihna tur chu khawchhunga
tui mamawh dan leh tui budget atanga ruahman a ni.
Tui intur thianghlim tlo leh daih rei zawk a neihna tur a
thlur bingin hnungtawlh loh chu a tum bawk.
Tui hmuhna hnar hrang hrang hman kawp leh tui hnar
pakhata in nghah bur loh.
India rama tui intur lam chanchin hlui
1972 hmalam: vantlangina an siam leh enkawl (tuikhur, mimal tuichhunchhuah, dil,
tui lakna zem te)
1972-86: ARWSP
1986-91: Technology Mission
1991-99: Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission (RGNDWM)
1999-2001: Sector Reform Project
2002-09:Swajaldhara
2009 a tangin: NRDWP Thulakna: MDWS
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
73
Tui hna chak leh theih na tur lam a hmalak leh a tuihna
humhalhna lam a thawh.
National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) leh scheme dang nena
thawh ho
Hmanlaia tuikhur hman thin hmang thar leh tur a fuih.
O & M a tana sum hman tur te chu Finance commission fund
bakah NRHM a untied sum atanga pek.
Sum tlem zawk hmanga Floride leh arseni (tur lam) tuia
awm te tih bo a, tui tih thianghlim.
Thingtlang khua a tui lakna a tan- ruahmanna siam,
pawmpui, a taka thawh leh a enkawl leh vilna ah PRI te
thuneihna tih pun.
Tui thianghlim intina pekna thu hla ah leh a enkawl
kawngah VC te thuneihna tih pun.
Tui pekna lam pang hi PRIs thuneihna leh mawhphurhna atan
a muang chang a bel zel.
Rampum huap a thil tum (National Goal)
A thiltum lian ber chu thingtlang a mitin ten, intur atan te,
chaw chhumna tur te leh in lama thil dang dang atana hman tur
atan te a tui thianghlim hnianghnar taka an neih reng theih na
tur a hmalak chu a ni. Tui intur chu a thianghlim zawng pawh
pawm tlak a ni tur a niin eng hunah pawh, englai pawhin hman
khawp a awm tur a ni a, lak leh hmuh mai theih a ni reng tur a
ni.
A nihna tlanglawn te
Tui hi mipui te ta a ni a, mitinin tui intur neih hi an
chanvo a ni a, tui an neih naturin an ngen thiang a ni.
Tui intur chungchangah hian tui chu hral sum a tih vek
tur a ni lo tih leh a man pe thei lo ten an chan ve
phalsak loh hi a duh lo a ni.
Tui intur te hi bazara zawrh sum a tana hman ngawt tur a
ni lo a, mitin in hriselna tha zawk an lo neihna tur leh
nun khawchhuah na lam pang zawk chu a tum leh hriat tur
zawk chu a ni.
Heath hian, mimal sumdawnna lama hlawkna ni loin mipui te
thawh hona leh inthlawp tawnna (VC te leh PHED ten khaw
chhunga tui an lakna leh semna a an thawh ho ang) chu dah
chungnun a ni.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
74
Tui hman man chu mahnia thawhchhuah ve nit ho mahse, mi
hnuaihnung zawk te puihna a ni tih hria in an tana
harsatna thlentu a ni tur a ni lo.
Tui thianghlim nana enchianna neih leh a vil leh enkawl lam
Tui thianghlim leh him a hlut zia thingtlang miten an
hriatthiam a an ngaih hlutna tur leh chumi atana an thawh
nghalna tur leh pui turin, National Rural Drinking Water
Quality Monitoring and Surveillance Programme chu February
2006 khan din a ni a. He programme hi NRDWP nen belhbawm a ni
chho ve bawk. A tum ber chu, thingtlang mi te nen a:
An zinga IEC hmanga tui thinghlim thatna leh tui
thianghlim loin hriselna a khawi chhiat theih dan te leh
thianghlimna pawimawh zia etc te zirtir.
VC tin a mi 5 theuh te an tui thianghlim zawng the chhuah
dan zirtirna training pek
Tui thianghlim zawng teh dan zirna (Training) hi VC khat
a mi 5 bakah, state khat tan mi 2 leh district tin tan
mi 4 leh block tinah mi 5 tal pek bawk tur.
He programme ah hian, VC tinah FTKs chu pek vek an ni a;
he thil a tan a hmalakna tur sum hi state sawrkar hnenah
za a za pek a ni.
Programme hrang hrang ten an tum ber te:
ARWSP – Public Health Engineering system hmanga thingtlanga tui intur hniang hnar pek.
Technology Mission & RGNDWM – tui thianghlim neih na lam, technology remchang
hman, mipui te hrilhhriatna lam, thingtlanga tui pek kawng a hman.
Sector Reform Project – tui lakna kawnga ruahmanna siam, a taka thawh a enkawl leh vil
kawnga tualchhung mite rawn/ tel tir.
Swajaldhara – Sector Reform Project kha 2002 ah tih phuisui na a ni.
NRDWP – tui thianghlim intlak a awm reng theih na tur a hmalak, remchang zawk, sum seng
tlem zawk, intluk tlang etc tak a PRIs leh tual chhung a pawl ho telna, tui thianghlim
thingtlanga engtik laipawh a a awmna tur a hmaklak
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
75
Table 15: Component and financial arrangements under NRDWP
Component Purpose
( ahmanna tur)
Distribution of
State NRDWP
Allocation
(State NRDWP a
sem dan tur)
Centre-State
Sharing Pattern
( Centre leh
state tum tur in
sem dan)
Coverage Tui thianghlim leh him hnianghnar, tui la
pek lohna, tlem a zawng pek tawhna leh
chenna mumal lo a cheng te hnena tui pek na
tur
47 per cent 90:10 (NE states
te leh Jammu and
Kashmir tan)
50:50 (state dang
zawng tan) Quality Tui thianghlim leh him tak mamawh zualna a
cheng ten an neihna tur
20 per cent
O & M Tui intur pekna hman mek, a siam thatna leh
a part thenkhat thlakna a tan
15 percent atam
berah
Sustainability State in tui thianghlim leh him a state
chhunga, tualchhung level a tui sem dan
phung him leh tlo an neih reng theihna tur
atana state tihchakna
10 per cent a
tam berah
100:0
Support He mi atana puihna awm zawng zawng leh an
hma lakna : Water and Sanitation Support
Organization, DWSM,BRCs,IEC, Human resource
development, Management Information System
and Computerisation, research and
development etc atan
5 per cent 100:0
Water Quality
Surveillance
Tui thianghlim zawng enfiah leh zirchianna a
hmuna kal chilhna leh a thar dinna, state,
district leh sub-district level a laboratory
3 per cent 100:0
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
76
te tih changtlunna a tan.
Total 100 per cent
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
77
NRDWP hian engte nge a ken tel?
He programmein a kentel/ a huam te chu:
i. Coverage : Tui thianghlim leh him hnianghnar, tui la pek
lohna, tlem a zawng pek tawhna leh chenna mumal lo a cheng
te hnena tui pek na tur.
ii. Sustainability : State in tui thianghlim leh him a state
chhunga, tualchhung level a tui sem dan phung him leh tlo an
neih reng theihna tur atana state tihchakna
iii. Tui thianghlim leh him tak mamawh zualna a cheng te hnena
pek.
iv. O & M Tui intur pekna hman mek, a siam thatna leh a part
thenkhat thlakna a tan leh puihna lama hmalakna a tan
v. Water Quality Surveillance leh
vi. A puihna hna thawh na a tan.
NRWDP hnuaiah hian VC teng eng mawhphurhna nge an neih?
NRDWP kalphungah chuan, he programne a taka kalpuina turah VC
te chu thawk tu ber an ni a. VC te chuan heng ah te hian hma
an la ang:
VCWSC/VWSC chu VC tinah tui lakna kawnga ruahmanna siam
tur, a enkawl leh vil tur leh O & M atana committee/ sub
–committee tura din tur a ni.
VCWSC/VWSC member te chu an vaiin 12 an ni anga, an
zingah hian mipui thlan tlin Panchayat member te, Sc leh
ST a hmeichhia te aiawh te leh khaw chhunga mi harsa te
aiawh an tel bawk ang.
He committee hi tui thianghlim neih na leh faina lam atan
a committee / sub-committee bik a niin VC peng pawimawh
tak a ni bawk ang.
Water security plan duang tu a ni.
Thingtlang khua a tui lakna enkawl leh vil thu a mawh
phurtu a ni.
Quality affected habitation tih hi enge a awmzia?
Chenna hmun ni si tui thianghlim tawk lohna hmun heng thil
nung te tak tete (rulhut, tuihri leh khawsikpui leh adt thlen
thei natna hrik) in atui a tih bawlhhlawh leh chemical thil
vanga tui bawlhlawhna (fluoride, iron, asenic, nitrate etc tam
lutuk) te hi quality-affected habitation tih a ni.
Thingtlang khua tui lakna scheme in a ngaihpawimawh te chu eng
tiang nge?
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
78
Tui hi state in a buaipui mek a ni a, tui in tur pekna hna
thawh hi state hma lakna tur a ni a. dan naranin state chuan
heng hmang hian khua te chu an thlang thin a ni:
Mihring chenna hmun tui thianghlim in tur neih lohna
hmun, tumah in hengah hian tui thianghlim intur an nei lo
a ni.
Mihring chenna hmun tui in tur an neih te thianghlim tawk
lo. Heng chennahmun tui thianghlim neilo zingah pawh hian
tui thianghlim loh chhan chu chemical heng Arsenic leh
fluoride tamna hmun chu ngaih pawimawh bik a ni a, iron
tam lutuk , tui al lutuk (high salinity) leh nitrate etc
ten an dawt a ni.
Partially covered habitation tih hi enge a awm zia?
Chenna hmun in tin ten a tui thianghlim intura lo berah 55
lpcd (lpcd =litres/capita/person/day) an neih tlin loh chuan
chu khua chu Partially covered habitation tih a ni.
Thingtlang miten NRDWP atanga hlawkna tel ve turin enge an tih
ang?
VC ten district emaw block level a PHED/RWSS department/
boards/ hemi lam a agency te an dawrin NRDWP a tanga hlawkna
an dawng ang.
VC te chu he programme kaihhnawih thil a sawifiahna neih an
ngai a nih chuan VC te chu tu nge pui/ kaihruai ang?
Hetianga sawifiah ngaihna thil a awm a nih chuan block level
PHED/boards/ hemi lama agency a Engineer ten an kaihruai ang.
Sawiselna thlen leh sum hman dik lohna a lungawi lohna a awmin
tu hnena thlen tur nge?
Heng harsatna te hi vantlang inkhawm/ VCWSC/VWSC ah te emaw
block/zila Panchayat ah emaw DWSM ah emaw thlen tur a ni.
Engtiangin nge field level-ah Programme hi a hlawhtlin?
Kaihhruaina-in a sawi dan angin PRIs te leh khawtual mite chu
chu eng levelah pawh tui lakna scheme a kawng hrang hrang
heng- a ruahmanna siam kawngah te, ahlawhtlin nana thawhna ah
te, O & M ah te leh a enkawl leh vil zuina zawng zawngah hian
inhnamhnawih/ telh ve an ni. Hei vang hian tui intur lakna hi
tualchhungah a him tawkin, tui humhalh leh rualkhaia sem
kawngah leh hman ralna lam ah te, siam a ngaih changa siam vat
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
79
thu hla ah te pawh a tha berin, tui hi regular tak a sem theih
a nih phah bawk a ni.
Tui thianghlim neihna tur a tan hian VCWSC/VWSC member te leh
ASHA member te mawhphurhna enge ni?
Table 16 na en rawh.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
80
Table 16: VCWSC/VWSC leh ASHA ten tui thianghlim neih nana an mawhphurhna/ tih theih chu
Sl.no VCWSC/VWSC member te mawhphurhna ASHA (NRHM) te mawhphurhna
1 Intin a tui hnianghnara an neihna tur leh
ran vulh te tan thlenga tui hnianghnar an
neih nana thawh.
NRHM format ang a intin a tui leh ekthli I
lo atanga natna te tih chian
2 Thil tul hrang hrang a tan a tui lakna hnar
hrang hrang te hriat chian
Enfiah tur tui lak khawm a, Primary Health
Centre a biological test tur a thawn leh.
3 Tui lakna hnar zawng zawng FTK hmanga enfiah Tui hnar zawng zawng faina leh thianghlimna
lam a an din hmun hriat/ zir chian
4 Tui chu endik tur a lakkhawm a, sub-division
water testing laboratory a chemical lam leh
biological lamte enfiah leh tur a thawn.
VCWSC/VWSC te nena thawk hoin, tui hnar
bawlhlawh loh nan leh a tibawlhhlawh thei tu
lak a venhim.
5 Thingtlang khua/ VC a tui hmuhna te chanchin
kimchang chhinchhiah
Tui atang leh bawlhlawh avanga natna kai
tawh dan kimchang chhinchhiah
6 Tuk bik anga intina tui lak man lakkhawm leh
VC level a tui lakna enkawl leh vil
Thianghlimna leh hriselna lam bakah natna
thleng thei laka invenna lam atan intin a
zirtirna neih leh hmalak.
7 Tui lam hawi/ lam pang a zirtirna leh
inhrilhhriatna neih
Thianghlimna lam hawi inzirtirna neih
8 Rural water supply scheme lam kaihnawih a VC
President in tih tur a tuk te hlen
Rural sanitation lam kaihnawih a VC
President in tih tur a tuk te hlen
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
81
BUNG 11
GRAM SABHA MEMBER I NIHNA A I TIH TUR BITUK HLEN NGEI TUR TE
CHU
Gram Sabha (Vantlang inkhawm) member te mawhphurhna chu
Tui lakna hnar venhim leh enkawl hi Gram Sabha member zawng
zawng te mawhphurhna a niin – mimal, chhawngkua, vantlang huap
te leh VC khua leh tui nihna te pawhin mawh phurhna kan nei.
Khua leh tui nihna a mawhphurhna chu a in ang vek lo pawh a ni
thei, mahse tui lakna hnar venhim leh duat taka enkawl kawngah
hian tih lutuk a awm thei lo a ni. Tlo leh daih rei zawk a
nihna tur te, rualkhai leh intluk tlang zawk a sem a nihna tur
te, a enkawl leh vil thuhla ah te, a venhim leh hmasawn tir
thuhlaah te hian vantlang inkhawm (Gram sabha) chu a huho a
hmalakna atan thil tul tak a ni. Sawi hona neih a nih tawh dan
atanga Gram Sabha member tihtur te chu:
Tui hman man a hun taka dik tak a pek.
Tui renchem taka hman leh a thlawna luan ral tir mai mai
loh.
Inchhung tui pipe a tanga, tui a luan ral mai lohna tura
hmalak.
Tui lakna pipe pawp/ chhia a awm chuan rang tak a
VCWSC/VWSC te hriattir vat.
Tui ti bawlhlawh thei mai thil hrang hrang laka theih leh
phak tawk a tui lakna hnar chu venhim.
Tui pumpna, tuikhur, tui chhuahna hmun vel a dawhsan etc.
te a bawlhlawh loh nana beih.
Tui lakna hnar te siam ngai a piang siam that fo.
Vantlang inkhawm (Gram sabha) a kal thin leh tui
thianghlim neihna lam sawihona a tel bakah hmasawnna tur
lam sawi ve thin.
VCWSC/VWSC te hnenah tui lak chung changa mumal lohna awm
te leh fel tawk lohna awm te thlen fo.
Thianghlimna lama beitu/ enfiahtu (sanitary survey team)
te lo tawiawm that.
VCWSC/VWSc emaw Sanitary survey team ten tui bawlhlawh
theihna an sawi chhuah te ngaih ven.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
82
VCWSC/VWSC ten tui lakna hnar leh a vela bakah tui lam
kaihnawih hmun hrang hrang a tui tibawlhlawh thei thil an
sawi te a awm a nih chuan hrilhriat vat.
VCWSC/VWSC te a tanga tui dawn (an tui sem) ah thil dik
lo ( arim diklo, a rawng diklo) a awm chuan an mahni
hriattir vat tur.
Ruahtui khawlkawm na lamah mahni in atanga tih theih awm
te lo tih ve.
Tui thianghlim neihna lam leh hriselna lam kaihhnawih a
fimkhur leh uluk taka hma lo lak ve.
Tui thianghlimna leh a ven kawnga hma lo lak ve a, chu a
tana beina kawnga lo tel ve.
Mitinin tui an neihna tur kawnga dodaltu leh
inthliarhranna awm thei te do tlat.
Hengte hi Gram Sabha leh vantlanginkhawm hrang hrangah sawi ho
fo tur a ni.mipuite chu heng hlawhtlin nan hian an in thlawp
tawn ang a, a duh ve nghal mai lo te pawh an zirtir thin ang.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
83
TUI INTUR LAMA ZAWHNA TE (DRINKING WATER QUIZ)
1. Khawvela tui zawng zawng a tangin tui intheih/ intlak
engzat nge?
a. 1 per cent aia tlem.
b. 5 per cent
c. 15 per cent
d. 85 per cent
2. I taksa ah khan tui eng zat chiah nge awm?
a. 15 per cent
b. 66 per cent vel
c. 50 per cent
d. 90 per cent
3. Hrisel tak niturin nikhat ah tui eng zata tam nge I in a
ngaih?
a. No 6 - 7
b. No 2 - 3
c. No 10 – 15
4. Kum 300 liam ta ah khan khawvel hian tui entia tam nge a
neih?
a. Tun aia tlem daih hi.
b. Tun a awm zat hi
c. Tun aia tam daih zawk hi
5. Tui intur lakna hnar ti bawlhlawh tu chu:
a. Lei lung pian ken thil a vang.
b. Tual lai leh factory vela a luan vang
c. Mihring te vang (insuk/ inbual etc)
d. A chung a mi zawng zawng te vang khian.
6. Engtin nge in tuikhur a tui I venhim ang?
I. Tuikhur chu chhin that a nihin.
II. A chhevela dawhsan leh tui luan chhuahna tihfaiin.
III. Tuikhur leh pump hnaiah naupang infiam tir loh
IV. A chhehvel ran luh mai loh nana hung vek.
a. i. & ii, b. ii & iii, c. iii & iv, d. a vai khian.
7. Tui a bawlhlawh hrang hrang a lo awm hian engtia tih
thianghlim tur nge ni ang?
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
84
a. Sedimentation
b. Coagulation
c. Aeration
d. Chhuanso (boiling)
8. Turbidity of water hi enge a nih?
a. Tui nem zawng ( softness)
b. Tui al zawng (salinity)
c. Cloudiness of water
d. Sweetness of water.
9. Eng ber hi nge tui in tur lakna chu?
a. Dil
b. Lui
c. Leihnuaitui
d. A vaiin
10. Eng ber hi nge tui tithianghlim nana hman lar ber?
a. Coagulants
b. Filters
c. Disinfection
d. A engamah khi
11. Tui hi engvang nge enfiah a ngaih/ tul em em?
I. Pumpui leh ril lama natna chhungkua a nei an awm
vangin.
II. Tui chu a tui lo lutuk a
III. Tui chuan rawng a nei, a phuan a
IV. Tuiah chuan pipe them a tel, insukna thli a awm
a. i. & ii, b. ii & iii, c. iii & iv, d. a vai khian.
12. Eng ber hi nge tui intlak chu ni?
I. Natna thlenthei thil nung laka him
II. Fim ( nu phut lo)
III. Rim chhia leh tui lohna nei lo
IV. Chemical thil hlauawm awm lo
V. Mihring hriselna ti chhe thil engmahin a pawlh loh
a. I & iv chauh
b. Ii, iii & iv
c. Iii & iv chauh
d. A vaiin
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
85
13. Eng hi nge tuikhur/ chhunchhuah venhim nana tha ber
ang?
I. A ti bawlhlawh thei hmun a tang, a lo berah Meter 30
a hla a a awmin.
II. Leirawhchan emaw lung emaw a hungin.
III. Congcrete hmanga tui chhe luanna 3 meter tal a thui
siam a nihin
a. I na chiah, b. ii & iii, c. iii na chiah, d. a vaiin
14. Eng Constitution amendment ah hian nge tui lakna
lama Panchayati Raj Institutions te mawhphurhna pek a
nih?
a. 57th Amendment
b. 73rd & 74th Amendment
c. 81st Amendment.
d. 98th Amentment.
15. Eng hi nge tui thianghlim zawng tehna (water
quality Parameter) pawimawh ber?
a. Physical
b. Chemical
c. Biological emaw microbological/ bacteriological
16. Eng hi nge India ram a thingtlang mite hnena tui
pekna lam a programme hmasa ber?
a. National Rural Drinking Water Programme
b. Swajaldhara
c. Central Rural Water Supply Programme.
d. Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme
17. Eng tikah nge Sector Reform Project hman tan/ tih
chhuah a nih?
a. 1972
b. 1999
c. 2009
d. 2014
18. Eng hi nge Thingtlanga tui intur pekna ah hian
pawimawh ber?
I. Tui pek thlen (access)
II. Hnianghnarna (adequacy)
III. Tui that/ thianghlim zawng (Quality)
IV. A tlo leh daihrei (Sustainability)
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
86
a. I, b. ii, c. iv, d. a vaiin.
19. Eng tia tih/ sawngbawl a nih hiang nge bacteria te
tihbo a nih ang?
a. Puana thlitfimin (cloth filtration)
b. Coagulation
c. Oxidation and setting
d. Chhuanso (boiling)
20. Eng ber hi nge thingtlang khua a tui a lo him nana
ruahmanna?
I. A ti bawlhlawh tu hriat chhuah/ chian
II. A tibawlhlawh tu lakbo dan a thiam/ hmasawn
III. Dan ang thlapa tui lakna dan vil, enkawl leh kalpui.
IV. Tui a hnara atanga lak a intur chhawp a nih thleng a
enfiah.
a. I, b. ii, c. iv, d. a vaiin.
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
87
A chhannate.
1. a 8. c 15. c
2. b 9. d 16. d
3. a 10. c 17. b
4. b 11. d 18. d
5. d 12. d 19. d
6. d 13. d 20. d
7. b 14. b
ABBREVIATIONS:
AIDS Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome
ANM Auxiliary Nurse Midwife
ARWSP Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme
AWW Angamwadi Worker
ASHA Accredited Social Health Activist
BIS Bureau of Indian Standards
BPL Below Poverty Line
BNV Bharat Nirman Volunteer
BRC Block Resource Centre
Cu m cubic metre
FTK Field Testing Kit
GLSR Ground Level Storage Reservoir
VC Village Council
VCWSC Village Council Water Sanitation Committee
HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HGM Hydro Geo Morphological
IEC Information, Education and Communication
Lpcd Litres per Capita/person/day
m Metre
MGNREGS Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee
Scheme.
MDWS Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Government of
India.
MoU Memorandum of Understanding
NGO Non Governmental Organization
NRDWP National Rural drinking Water Programme
NRHM National Rural Health Mission
NSSO National Sample Survey Office.
OHSR Overhead Storage Reservoir
O & M Operation and Maintenance
PHED Public Health Engineering Department
TUITHIANGHLIM INTUR NGAIHTUAH KAWNGA VILLAGE COUNCIL-TE MAWHPHURHNA
88
PRI Panchayati Raj Institution.
RGNDWM Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission
RO Reverse Osmosis
RWSS Rural Water Supply and Sanitation
SC Scheduled Caste
SEM Self Employed Mechanic
SIP Service Improvement Plan
ST Scheduled Tribe
TDS Total Dissolved Solid
VDMC Village Dissaster Management Committee.
VWSC Village Water and Sanitation Committee
WHO World Health Organization.
Top Related