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Structure II
Spring 2016Pertemuan V: March 2016
Module 5: Inifinitives and Gerunds I
Module 6: Inifinitives and Gerunds II
Ismail Marzuki
Universitas TerbukaKorea Selatan
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MODUL 5 : INIFINITIVES AND GERUNDS
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Inifinitives and Gerunds
• Unit 1 Introduction to Infinitives and Gerunds
• Unit 2 Gerunds as Objects of Prepositions
•
Unit 3 Gerunds as Objects of Verbs• Unit 4 Gerunds and Infinitives as Subjects
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Unit 1 Passive SentencesA . Infinitives
(to) + Verb 1
Tuti studies very hard to pass the finalexam. She wakes up very early in the morning
and goes to sleep after midnight everyday.
Sometimes she forgets to eat or to take a
shower.
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Unit 1 Passive SentencesB . Gerunds
Verb 1 + ing
1. Gerund sebagai subjek2. Gerund sebagai objek kata kerja
3. Gerund sebagai objek preposisi
4. Gerund sebagai pelengkap
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Unit 2 Gerunds as Objects of
Prepositions
from
without
about
fromin
+ verb – ing
be given to
be used tobe accustomed to
look forward to
object to
pleed innocent (guilty) to
+ verb – ing
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Unit 2 Gerunds as Objects of
Prepositions
keep on
put off
go on
be interested in
+ verb – ing
approve/disapprove of
be afraid of
be excited about
be good at
care about
insist on....
+ verb – ing
Fixed
preposition
Fixed
phrase
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Unit 3 Gerunds as Objects of Verbs
Appreciate
WorthRisk
Prevent
Forgive
Dread
Verbs can only be followed by gerund
Admit
EscapeAvoid
Recent
Complete
Consider
Enjoy
PracticeFinish
Prefer
Quit
Resist
Recall
DenyMind
Imagine
Keep
Postpone
Delay
Suggest
Do you mind ...?
Would you mind ...?
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Unit 4 Gerunds and Infinitives as
Subjects
• Waiting is boring.
• To wait for him for hours is boring.
•
Writing is not that difficult.• To write a poem is not that difficult.
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Unit 4 Gerunds and Infinitives as
Subjects
• It’s nice ...
• It’s worth ...
•
It’s no use ...• It’s not much good ...
• for + object + infinitive
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Unit 1 Verbs Followed by Infinitives
a. Afford to
b. Agree to
c. Appear tod. Arrange to
e. Care to
f. Decided to
g. Deserve toh. Demand to
i. Expect to
j. Endeavor to
1. Kelompok 1 (Verb + Infinitve)
k. Fail to
l. Hesitate to
m. Hope ton. Learn to
o. Plan to
p. Pretend
q. Promiser. Refuse
s. Seem
t. struggle
u. Swear
v. Threaten
w. Volunteer
x. Wait
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Unit 1 Verbs Followed by Infinitives
a. Allow
b. Cause
c. Challenged. Convince
e. Command
f. Dare
g. Encourageh. Forbid
i. Force
j. Hire
2. Kelompok 2 [Verb + Pro(noun) + Infinitive
k. instruct
l. Invite
m. Obligen. Order
o. Permit
p. Persuade
q. Remindr. Tach
s. Tell
t. Urge
u. warm
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Unit 1 Verbs Followed by Infinitives
a. Ask
b. Beg
c. Expect
d. Want
e. Wish
f. Promise
3. Kelompok 3
Kata-kata kerja yang dapat diikuti oleh infinitive danbisa juga diikuti oleh noun/pronoun, kemudian infinitive
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Unit 2 Verbs Followed by Either
Infinitives or Gerunds
Kata-kata erja yang memiliki pengertian berbeda ketika
diikuti oleh infinitives dan diikuti oleh gerunds:
• begin*
• prefer**
• continue
• dislike
• dread• intend
• love
•
hate
• neglect
• plan
• start
o can’t bear
o can’t stand
o can’t help
U i 3 V b Th H Diff
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Unit 3 Verbs That Have Different
Meanings When Followed Either by a
Gerund or an Infinitive• forget
• like
• remember• regret
• try
• need*• require*
• stop
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Unit 4 ‘By’ and ‘With’ Used to Show
How Something is Done
Penggunaan by apabila kita mengatakan apa yangkita lakukan untuk memperoleh hasil yang kitainginkan.
1. Dalam kalimat pasif, by digunakan sebagai(penunjuk) pelaku.
2. By dapat digunakan untuk mengacu pada alattransportasi.
3. Penggunaan by yang berkaitan dengan waktu.
Sementara penggunaan with untuk menyatakan
bagaimana seseorang mengerjakan sesuatu.
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Unit 4 ‘By’ and ‘With’ Used to Show
How Something is Done
• Harry Potter story is written by J.K. Rowling.
• I like traveling by train.
•
You must arrive here by ten a.m.• They made a living by fishing and hunting.
• Fire was kept all night by covering the coals
and wood with ashes.• The hair is cut with scissors.
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Unit 5 Infinitives with ‘Too’ and
‘Enough’
A. Too
Noun/ Noun phrase + be/Verb + too + adjective/noun + to infinitive
Noun/ Noun phrase + be/Verb + too + adjective/noun + for + object + to infinitive
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Unit 5 Infinitives with ‘Too’ and
‘Enough’
A. Too
•
He has too much book to read.• The task is too difficult for me to do.
• She walks too fast for the others to follow.
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Unit 5 Infinitives with ‘Too’ and
‘Enough’
B. Enough
Noun/ Noun phrase + be/Verb + Adjective/ Adverb
+ enough + for + object + to infinitive
• His grades are good enough for him to pass the
exam.• The speed is not fast enough for the car to win therace.