Sink Float Solutions
Christophe STEVENS April 27th 2016
Ocean Gravity Energy Storage
(OGRES)
OGRES Assumptions Simple
Low cost
Demonstration Cost structure
Technical questions
Sink Float Solutions IP
Prototype Partnership Market
OGRES video
How the energy storage system works
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EzdQAnDJjfg
Christophe Stevens – April 27th 2016
100 Tesla
Batteries
1 MWh
Theory « Low cost energy storage »
320 k€
Reality « Other components are necessary … »
« … all of them are proven technology at an industrial scale»
Standard components Barge, ballasts, pulleys, gearbox, brake, motor/generator, transfo, converter, control, cables (lifting, anchoring), floats, lanyards, hooks, ROV’s, compressor, heave compensators, etc
Cost structure « 50 €/kWh? … we need to present some figures ! »
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Seuil de compétitivité Très dévaforable Exemple détaillé Favorable
Opérations (10 ans)
Câble électrique (HVDC ou AC)
Barge et son câble ascenseur
Système d'ancrage
Flotteurs des lests
Lests
(€/kWh)
Favorable Competitor Average (Example)
Unfavorable
Operations (10 years) Electric cable Barge and lifting cable Anchoring cables Floats Weights
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
WEIGHTS
FLOATS
ANCHORING
ELECTRIC CABLE
BARGE
OPERATIONS 600 k€/year during 10 years, 50 MW, MWh/MW=12h
Hypothesis
Power 50 MW Distance 100 km
Cable + installation + converters = 3 k€/km/MW
Trenching 90 k€/km
Included Barge Mechanics (pulleys, cable, gear reducer) Electricity (motor/generator, transfo. converter, etc.) Other (propulsion, steering, other …) See details on next page
Anchors (concrete block), edge floats, etc. Wire rope (breaking strength 2000 N/mm2 - coef séc 5 - 2,5 €/kg)
equivalent 20 €/kg PVC …
Lower floats + ….
Upper floats + …
Reinforced concrete: 200 €/m3, density 2,3 Design: cylinders H/D = 4, v 20 km/h, drag. losses <15%
Other …
De
pth
: 4
00
0 m
eters
Storage capacity investment (€/kWh)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
46 €/kW
€/kWh €/kW (x12h)
Converter DC/AC (option)
Transformer
Motor/generator
Gearbox (reducer, 3 speed)
Brake Pulleys
Lifting cable (+l, hooks, lanyards, etc.)
Other …
Barge (Float capacity)
Ballasts (option) Propulsion, etc
Dead time
46 k€/MW
Hypothesis
33 k€/MW
32 k€/MW
96 k€/MW
12 k€/MW
The best existing machine for the OGRES purpose are wind turbines electromechanical components (gearbox ratio and generator with variable speed: torque/speed variation). The référence for cost structure, is a 2 MWC DFIG machine with 15 rpm (650 kN.m/MW).
18 k€/MW
0,15 €/N.m
150 €/ton(CMU)/pulley (ratio D/d = 85)
Continuous cycle => 1 cable (length = 2x4000 mètres) Wire rope breaking point 2000 N/mm2 - coef sécu 5 - 2,5 €/kg
650 €/ton Total capacity = 3,3 x weight
Hypothesis: cost + 10%. Several options can solve the « dead time » during the hanging/dropping phases: Several barges (N+1) can operate together + speed increase, ancilliary storage systems: flywheels, super capacitors, batteries, unique weight OGRES, etc.
Sources BARGE
* … and certified connectable to the grid
200 €/m3
(concrete)
30 m3
(180 €/m3)
2 to 5 MW
> >100 kgf (thruster)
Barge < 650 €/ton (load capacity)
(230 k€/MW)
Standard components for 5 MW barge
1 MWh weights (20 km/h)
16 barge modules
Cable = 5 cm Pulley = 2 m Ratio = 40
ROV with simple tool (no need articulated arm)
Each weight includes 2 lanyards with 1 hook and 1 float each and each side of the lifting cable includes 1 lanyard with 1 hook
Swell impact on hooks movement
Container ship (capacity 200 kT)
OGRES 500 MW barge (total capacity 30 kT)
Standard components for 500 MW barge
100 MWh weights (20 km/h)
Autonomous weights (no anchoring)
10 kT D 13 m H 45 m
Height 150 m
Upper float (barge) = 5% total capacity
10 kt = 200 x 50 m3
= Leak hazard resilience 100 t = 3 x 30 m3 = capex destruction if leak
16 barge modules
Cable lifting systems don’t have « max load » limitations
Capacity = 10 kT (500 MW) Diam. pulley = 4 m diam. cable = 5 cm Ratio D/d= 80
Sea bed
290
150
35
Investment (€/kWh)
Scale economies Physical law Electricity Hydrodynamics
Industrial Large series quotation Electricity transport cost
Engineering, optimization Solutions and spec. choice (best combinations) Automation Reinforced concrete calculation (ref 200 €/m3…)
Levelized cost (LCOE)
For more information about LCOE and sensitivity study, a tool is available on our website www.sinkfloatsolutions.com cost = f (RE+SE combination, power, location)
Batteries OGRES
1
0
Life time Dismantling cost
Batteries < 10 years Yes OGRES Barge >> 30 ans
Transport >> 60 ans Other ±20 ans
Negative (barge steel price =
150 €/ton)
Technical questions « Heavy swell is patent friendly »
Not exhaustive list (2 years of challenges with experts in different sectors)
Swell movements impact the hooks and lanyards - Hanging operations (death time) - Dropping operations (shock with seabed) - Torque fluctuation - Resonance frequency and cable strength - Sea state percentage vs operation rate (best economical choice). Eg Bay of Biscay different from Mediterranean Sea Kinetic energy impact on cable strength Temperature (and volume) variation due to compression/expansion Cable elasticity, power/speed/torque control, etc. Constant power (death time, acceleration, deceleration, kinetic energy impact on cable strength, PV=constant, …) Animals curiosity, HVDC power cable weight (4000 m), operation cost, heavy lanyards, heavy hooks, 4000 m depth seabed hook accuracy. Freeboard, certification, etc
Main solutions 7 patent solutions necessary for economical viability (all of them Sink Float perimeter, 3 patents including 2 with 100% A category research report)
Secondary solutions Different solutions can be developed for each problem, and might improve slightly the economical performance (Sink Float > 40 claims) Other solutions (free)
Solutions Frequent comments and asked questions
More information is available in appendix
A B C D
E F G
H, I ?
Sink Float Solutions
Energy storage (Sink Float) Délivrance
Technologies Other Gravity 3 patents deliveries are guaranteed for Sink Float (until 2032) Inventor Christophe Autre
Patents G F D E H? I? 7 main solutions Each main solution can be developed independently of one
to an other and could be « sold » as different licenses (even inside the same patent). Each one of the main solutions (used as unique) is necessary to develop a competitive storage solution.
Solution 1 v Solution 2 v Solution 3 v Solution 4 v Solution 5 v Solution 6 v Solution 7 v v
Secondary solutions In different situations, secondary solutions can be combined (independantly of the patent), they do not solve the same technical problems. None of these secondary solutions is absolutely indispensable for the financial viability of OGRES. However they allow to improve the economical performance in many situations.
Solution 21 v Solution 22 v v Solution 23 v v Solution 24 v Solution 25 v Solution 26 v Solution 27 v Solution 28 v … v … v Solution 31 v Solution 32 v Solution 33 v …
Prototype scenarios « Improving the perceived value with proofs »
PROTOTYPE SCENARIOS DEMONSTRATION CONSEQUENCES
Budget Size OGRES availability
(meteo)
Economics Validation level
1 million €
Barge = 1 ton/weight (max for crowd funding budget)
/ 50% of cost structure
assumption validation*
40% Increase the value of the project**
5 millions € Barge = 500 to 1 MW (20 tons/weight) + anchoring system resistance trials
50 to 90% (Mediterranean
Sea)
Cost <
competitor*
80% First customers
x millions € ***
Barge = 5 MW Grid connection
> 75% Cost RE + ES < market price
95% Market 10 Mds €
Optimisation (autonomous weights, > 50 MW units, etc.
> 90%
Market > 100 Mds €
* Transport and operation are not taken into account (since theoretical validation is acceptable) ** For new fund raising and/or first IP licensing
*** It depends on site location
A
B
C
Possible contributions
If Sink Float If …the industrial partner…
Prototype financing Via crowd funding (only scenario A), and/or private and/or industrial partnership (suppliers). Several options identified, co investment possible
Scenario A possible, but it would make sense to go directly to scenario B or C in order to create value faster
Prototype assembly and trials
Project management by SFS possible if scenario A (can be fast) and B. Scenario B, C => subcontracting experts. Possible partnership for PV grid project
Project management for proto > 1 MW with grid connection
Additional engineering Subcontracting all Electromechanics and transport (+ marine energy?)
Suppliers We got quotation from at least one supplier for each component. Several suppliers want to invest (apport en industrie)
It would make sense in order to reduce the prototype cost (supplier base) and "make or buy" strategy integration
Market Product could be IP licenses or storage system (both can be sold by project or by geographic perimeter)
Global strategy, energy mix strategy (renewable + storage combo)
Possible partnerships We can manage all but it would make sense to be associated soon with a major of energy sector. Several partnership combinations seem possible.
Market
2 MARKET DYNAMICS
MINI GRIDS MACRO GRIDS New PV or wind farm will be developed together with OGRES, for a particular customer (industry, municipality)
A progressive deployment of OGRES will follow the progressive replacement of conventional power plants by renewable energy facilities.
MWh/MW ratio 12h to 48 h 3h to 18h Power 5 to 100 MW > 20 MW Electricity market > 10 c€/kWh < 15 c€/kWh Customer location Close to the sea Far from the sea Additional backup capacity factor = 0 to 30% /
PRODUCT STRATEGY
Patent licenses (royalties €/kWh a/o €/kW)
By project By geographic perimeter
Storage systems Industrial (make) Business (buy)
Turnover = benefit* 2017 – 2020 > 1 bn € 2021 – 2030 > 100 bn €
* Patent licensing scenario
Christophe STEVENS Sink Float Solutions Email: [email protected] Tél: +33.6.74.12.96.75 Web: www.sinkfloatsolutions.com
Thank you for your attention
APPENDIX
Solution 1 Solution 2 Solution 3 Solution 4 Solution 5 Solution 6 Solution 7
Main solutions (Sink Float Solutions IP)
presented in the video
Inventor C Stevens
Capex + 15%, energy losses + 2%, operation ratio 100%
Cost constant in all locations (for a given depth) : eg Mexico Gulf cost = Mediterranean cost Possible to build a prototype with only very standard additional components (by comparison to solution 1, 2)
100% A (research report)
Synergies with the 2 main challenges: More difficult the technical challenges (state of the sea) = more value of the IP solutions
Anchoring cable concrete
Upstream reservoir dam: 600 kg/kWh Tunnel excavation volume, turbine/pump infrastructure are not included
PVC 1 kg/kWh
Reinforcement (for concrete) Concrete 75 liters
Barge Mechanics Lifting cable
Barge
Anchoring
Weights
steel 20 kg/kWh
Lead 35 kg/kWh
Lead 35 kg
Lead 35 kg
Lead 35 kg
Lead 35 kg
Lithium 10 kg Lithium 10 kg
Downstream reservoir dam: 130 kg/kWh
150 x 5 = 750 €/kWh
320 x 2 = 640 €/kWh
How much raw material for 1 kWh of storage capacity?
With pumped storage hydro (eg Bath County)
With batteries (for 20 years lifetime)
With OGRES
Copper (submarine electric cable HVDC 100 km, 50 MW)
91 €/kWh (prototype maturity)
Barge 1 Barge 2 Barge 3
20 MW 20 MW 20 MW
HVDC Cable (60 MW)
Mothership (crew: ROV, maintenance, etc)
ROV ombilical
Etc.
Switch on the number of barge as function of the power need (optimal speed for better energy efficiency)
Why OGRES solutions was not economically viable earlier?
Market evolution: Intermittent energies cost reduction Technology improvement: Submarine HVDC ROV Power electronics (generator) Dynamic positioning (GPS) Offshore engineering (oil, gas, RE)
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