module 6:module 6:The Informative Speech

ObjectiveObjectiveAfter completing this module, you should be able to:

effectively use various methods to generate matter for your speechesknow your strengths and weaknesses in implementing the techniques learnt in previous modulesactually apply audience analysis techniques in selecting topics for Informative Speeches

IntroductionIntroduction

Informative speaking is vital to business, education, science and many other fields of human endeavorA separate session has to be dedicated to the delivery of informative speeches in order to allow for detailed comments by the trainer

Description Description

Delivery of SpechesInfo. Speeches primary objective to informChoosing topics and purposes

A. Delivery of A. Delivery of SpeechesSpeeches

May be up to 5 minutesspeech preparation must be turned in for grading before deliveryonly brief speaking outline maybe used while speaking

B. Informative B. Informative speeches primary speeches primary

purposepurposeClassified into 4:

speeches about objectsspeeches about processesspeeches about eventsspeeches about concepts

Criteria for effective informative speeches:accuracy of informationclarity of communicationmeaningful and interesting to the audience

Tips:Don’t over-estimate what the audience knowsrelate subject directly to audienceavoid being too technicalavoid abstractionpersonalize your ideas

C. Choosing Topics C. Choosing Topics and purposesand purposes

learning research methods to get credible matterthis module equips with techniques to come up with relevant topics to keep audience interested

Suggested TopicsSuggested TopicsIntroduing a new product to board of directors of a company

Report of company progress during the previous financial year

financial report of a charitable trust

a class lecture

social awareness campaign speeches

news telecast/weather report

sports update

benefits of aromatherapy

MODULE 7: MODULE 7: VISUAL AIDSVISUAL AIDS

ObjectiveObjectiveAfter this module, you should be able to answer:

What are the major advantages of using visual aids in presentations?What kinds of visual aids might be used in a presentation?What guidelines are given in the chapter for preparing visual aids?What guidelines are given in the chapter for presenting visual aids?

IntroductionIntroductionProblems with recognizing what constitutes visual aid to increase audience attentionJust use props instead of visuals that support, expand, and correspond to the speechVisual aids are to enhance presentation, not the purpose of itworst presenters are those who use equipment as a crutch

ie: stand before a group and read slides

DescriptioDescriptionn

physical objects (usually the one you’re talking about)

models (3D models)

photographs/illustrations

drawings (google introd new browser using cartoons)

graphs / computer graphics (flash, Dreamweaver)

charts

videos/audio tapes

transparencies/overhead projectors

multimedia presentations/slideshows

the speaker

handouts

whiteboards

Varying degrees of Varying degrees of complexitycomplexity

more than 1 audio-visual aid can be combined to create sophisticated presentation

may create distance

overriding impression of fancy show, message missed out

must consider many factors:

how many times will presentation be staged?

how experienced are you in preparing this form of aid

do you have access to colleagues or external agencies to help you prepare?

Advantages of Advantages of Different visual aidsDifferent visual aids

1. Handouts1. Handouts

Advantages: simple, easy to use, no audibility/visibility problems, can depict lots of info, lasting reference, inexpensiveDisadvantages: can be a distraction, low impact, don’t enhance actual presentation

2. Flipcharts & 2. Flipcharts & Whiteboards Whiteboards

Advantages: Simple, easy to use, can be pre-prepared, can be annotated via discussion, inexpensiveDisadvantages: visibility can be a problem, low impact, takes time to annotate, easily damaged

3. Slide shows3. Slide shows

Advantages: professional, good at getting attention, retains interest, can have high impactDisadvantages: requires power supply, expensive to produce, requires set-up and practice, can be noisy, requires low ambient light, prone to technical failures

4. Overhead 4. Overhead projectorsprojectors

Advantages: very common equipment, easy to use, easy to point at items, can be prepared quickly, transparencies can be storedDisadvantages: requires power supply, can be noisy, can absorb the presenter, light can distract, can look low-tech

5. Computer graphics5. Computer graphics

Advantages: potentially high impact, graphics can be animatedDisadvantages: requires specialist software and monitors, equipment expensive, can be time consuming

6. Audio Tapes6. Audio Tapes

Advantages: very effective in specialist role, inexpensive broadcast equipmentDisadvantages: may need specialist recording skils, can be time consuming, only short duration use

7. Videos7. Videos

Advantages: very high impact, common broadcast equipmentDisadvantages: may need specialist production skills, very time consuming, very expensive, may compete with presenter

8. Multimedia8. Multimedia

Advantages: very high impact, presenter can control precisely, can be updated as requiredDisadvantages: requires software engineering skills, very time consuming, very expensive, and broadcasting needs specialist equipment

9. Physical models9. Physical models

Advantages: very high impact, good attention getter makes a concept tangibleDisadvantages: expensive to produce and transport, may distract the audience

Tips and suggestions Tips and suggestions on handling visual aidon handling visual aid

To reinforce stated factsTo add the understanding of ideasTo clarify the relationships or physical layoutsTo introduce the audience to a new topic area

Guidelines for Guidelines for preparing visual aidspreparing visual aidsprepare visual aids in advance

keep visual aids simple

make sure visual aids are large enough

use fonts that are easy to read

use a limited number of fonts

use color effectively - must be clear under all lighting

use line charts to highlight a trend

use meaningful titles to avoid ambiguity

Guidelines for Guidelines for presenting visual aidspresenting visual aids

avoid using chalkboard for visual aids

display visual aids where listeners can see them

avoid passing visual aids among the audience

display visual aids only while discussing them

talk to your audience, not your visual aid

explain visual aids clearly and concisely

keep the visual device clear - avoid unnecessary clutter

practice with your visual aids