Context of UIDs in India
• Provision of a robust, reusable ID to those who do not have any ID proof
• To clean up existing databases of multiple and fake entries
• To Improve Targeting and Delivery of Services• To Reduce the cost of Delivery of Services
UIDAI’s Mandate
• To provide Unique ID Number to all Residents– Enrolment is a one time process for the resident– Establishes Uniqueness
• Provide online, cost-effective, ubiquitous authentication services across country– Authentication is transactional – Establishes identity– To be done at the time of availing a benefit
UIDAI issues unique IDs …
Property of UIDAI - Highly confidential4
UID = 1568 3647 4958 6218
UID Unique number Random number
Basic demographic data and biometrics stored centrally
Central UID database
Standardized identity attributes
No duplicates(1:N check)
Flexibility to partners on Know Your Resident (KYR)+
Name
Parents
Gender
DoB
PoB
Address
… and authenticate IDs online, real-time
Property of UIDAI - Highly confidential 5
UID = 1568 3647 4958 6218
Central UID database
1:1 check, no ID fraud
Only YES/NO response, no details – no invasion of privacy
Person can see self-details, no one else can
Authentication - ‘Are you who you claim to be?’
Universal ID, valid all India
Interoperable platform for multiple
applications
Identity verifiable through mobile and
online
Anywhere authentication
through demographics,
biometrics, or OTP
Only one number per person
6654 3212 9087
Can be linked to a bank a/c numbers,
mobile numbers, and other identifiers
Aadhaar : A flexible, national infrastructure
What is in a number?
Service Delivery Potential of Aadhaar
Service Delivery Potential of Aadhaar Number
• Uniqueness and Existence ensures no fakes or duplicates
• As a sufficient KYC for Opening of bank accounts and other financial products, Mobile Connections, LPG, State Govt. Programs
• Universal Address for a person• Enables breaking of database silos : Credit Bureau,
Medical Records• Provides resident-centric view of welfare programs
Service Delivery potential due to Authentication
• Transactions normally require verification of identity• Aadhaar online authentication will provide a common
platform which can be used across all transactions and other applications.
• Entitlements should reach the intended beneficiary – non-transferability can be ensured
• This can be effectively done by authentication at the point of service delivery
• Many domains will be able to use as a proof of presence for the beneficiary : Attendance, proxies in the examinations
Aadhaar Authentication
Current Challenges in ID AuthenticationCurrently most of the service agencies create physical identity tokens of type what the user has like Ration card, PAN card, NREGS Job card, Pension card etc which can be authenticated manually only.
Higher setup cost with limited scalability and it can only work in assisted mode.
Difficult to identify fake documents and copies
Cannot verify that the person carrying the identity token is indeed the same person
defined in the identity token except where photo is printed on the identity token
Difficult to identify misuse. No authentic audit trail and requires exhaustive
manual audit mechanism
In contrast AADHAAR ID Authentication relies on what the user is (biometrics) and a combination of what the user has and knows (OTP); is a digital and online form of authentication; and can function in self-service mode.
+ DemographicsNAME, GENDERDOB, Address, …
OTP*
=YES
OR NO
*OTP – One Time Pin
Aadhaar Authentication at a Glance
and/or*
and/or
*and/or – Single or multi-factor authentication
Aadhaar Authentication: Operating Model
UIDAI rolls out Authentication…
Key Actors in AuthenticationAuthentication User Agency (AUA): An AUA is any government / public / private legal
agency registered in India that seeks to use Aadhaar authentication for its services. An AUA is the principal agency that sends authentication requests to enable its services / business functions.An AUA connects to the CIDR through an ASA (either by becoming ASA on its own or contacting services of an existing ASA)
Authentication Service Agency (ASA): An ASA is an agency that establishes secure leased line connectivity to the CIDR to transmit authentication request on behalf of AUA’s and receive response back from CIDR. An ASA can serve more than one AUA.
First Aadhaar Issued: 29th September 2010First Authentication PoC: 23rd February 2011First live authentication transaction done in Jharkhand: 24th December 2011Authentication Rollout: 07th February 2012
UIDAI will not charge for Aadhaar authentication services till December 2013
Steps to become an AUA / ASAAuthentication User Agency (AUA)
Identify Business / Service Delivery Needs
Choose Authentication Type, Exception MechanismEngage with ASA for connectivity service
Send signed contract and supporting documents to UIDAI, fill online formsEnsure process and technology compliance with AUA checklistsComplete Aadhaar Seeding
Device procurement and deployment
Full Application development and testing
Go-live
http://www.uidai.gov.in/authMore details available on:
Authentication Service Agency (ASA)
Define Service Offering
Fill Online Forms, send signed contract and supporting documents to UIDAI
Establish leased line connectivity with CIDR
Ensure process and technology compliance with ASA checklists
Obtain approvals from UIDAI
Perform end-to-end testing
Go-live
Engage with AUA’s
Aadhaar Authentication Readiness
Aadhaar Holder Authentication Devices
AUA ASA MSPmanaging
CIDR
Authentication Request
Yes / No Response
Service Delivered Necessary Updates & Confirmation
567
1 2 3
4Yes / No
Response
Preparatory Activities
Ongoing Activities
Authentication Transaction
ASA Readiness• Contractual readiness• Process & Technology
Readiness
AUA Readiness• Contractual readiness• Process & Technology
Readiness
Authentication Devices Deployment
• Operator/merchant readiness• Device procurement &
integration
Exception Handling Monitoring & Audits
AUA SpecificCommunication Protocol
AUA/ASA SpecificCommunication Protocol
Https over secured leased line
Aadhaar and Financial Inclusion
Current Challenges
6 km walk to bus stop
Ram’s Thursday ordeal
14 km bus journey
2 hour wait at the bank and a frustrated bank clerk
2:30pm deadline
The return journey
Moneylender dues @ 5% pm
Ration from village kirana with remaining money
4. Authenticate
2. AADHAAR number, money transfer instruction, biometrics
Convenient cash withdrawalResident
BC with Micro-ATM
Ram’s bank account
BC’s bank account
Interoperable Switch
1. Withdrawal request
3. Forward to switch
6. Debit
7. Credit
8. Inform: Call / SMS
9. Cash
UIDAI
5. Authorize
Aadhaar platform for Banking
•Open Bank Accounts using Aadhaar
•Connect existing Bank Accounts
Access
•Transfer funds to Aadhaar Enabled Accounts
•Simplifies disbursal of funds – uses only one account for all disbursals
Address
•Withdrawal and deposit
•Check balance, peer to peer transfers
•Inter-operable, portable anytime anywhere
Transactions
Aadhaar accepted as …
PoI/PoA for mobile connections KYC for no frills bank A/Cs
Other applications to follow
Applications ecosystem
Key eco-system partners
State govern-ment & financial services
IT servicesConsulting
Financial servicesTelecom services
Enrolment hardwareOffline apps H/W Online Applications hardware
Logistics Greenfield apps and investor ecosystem
2009 201620152010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Wave 2: Initial application – PDS, NREGA, State services, energy, financial services
Central govt ®istrars
Wave 1: Enrolment & infrastructure creation
Consumers
Wave 3: Mainstream applications - Healthcare, education, financial services and consumer applications including utility services and telecom
PPP & consumers
Wave 4: Next generation applications
Key funding source
Annu
al e
co-s
yste
m o
ppor
tuni
ty
($ B
illio
ns)
In Conclusion..• Aadhaar Authentication framework is ready• User entities need to re-engineer their
applications and systems to leverage this• Empanelment of Consultants and Software
Development firms by UIDAI to assist partners in developing Aadhaar based applications
• Creating an Aadhaar Authentication Ecosystem of ASA, AUAs, Device manufacturers
• The next one year will be a year of applications driven by Aadhaar authentication
• Let us join hands to benefit the common man
Thanks!
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