Libraries and librarianshipin Czech lands
from 18th to 21st century
Mgr. Ivanka Příbramská,
IISL
Summer Seminar, 27.05.2009
27.05.2009 Lecture for Summer Seminar 2
Lecture outline
Historical development
Current state: Legislation Library network Education Associations
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Situation in the 18th century
Types of librariesPrivate libraries – aristocrats, individuals
involved in cultural and societal areaPublic libraries – society, municipality, local
librariesSemi-public libraries – school and parish
libraries, lending libraries, reading rooms Emerging of professional librarians
27.05.2009 Lecture for Summer Seminar 4
Situation at the end of the 18th century
Enlightment –sciences development
Public reading rooms, private reading societies
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Situation in the 19th century
Municipal public libraries (local reading societies)
Increase in public literacy
Industrial revolution - impact on book production (“more and cheaper”)
Libraries in state administration and local government, museum libraries
27.05.2009 Lecture for Summer Seminar 6
Libraries after 1918
1919 – First library act (library in every village)
Increase in number of libraries (both public and special ones)
Librarianship as an official field of study Bibliology (book science) Since 1922 Czech national bibliography International inter-library loan
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Libraries after 1948
1959 – Second library act (centralization)
Censorship (esp. after 1970)
Lack of foreign (“Western”) literature
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Libraries after 1989
Political and social changes Opening of the book market Widening of library services, automation In 1990:
8.364 public libraries; 4.600 other libraries 1.239 inhabitants per 1 library, 5.7 books per inhabitant
Transformation: disintegration of the centralized system, budget and staff cuts, impact of privatization on technical libraries
27.05.2009 Lecture for Summer Seminar 9
Libraries after 2001
Third library act (public libraries as providers of information services)
State administration and local government reform – new regional libraries
2005 – regional functions
Library internetization program
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Library legislation
General public libraries act (1919) progressive; public library in every village within 1-2 years;
minority library/department; financing; librarian profession 1 library per 813 inhabitants
Unified system of libraries act (1959) Primary focus on centralized control over libraries;
separate networks of libraries Libraries and terms of operating public library and
information services (2001) Public libraries information services (“system of libraries”);
equal access; about 6.000 registered libraries; basic services for free; state benefits; legal deposit (NK 2x, MZK, SVKOL; regional; compulsory periodicals in regional libraries)
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Current network of libraries
Libraries set up by the Ministry of CultureNational LibraryMoravian LibraryK.E. Macan Library and Printing House for the Blind
Regional libraries set up by regional governments
Public libraries set up by relevant municipal bodies
Special libraries set up by various institutes
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Total number of public libraries 5.518
includes:
The National Library of the CR 1
Moravian Library in Brno 1
Regional libraries 13
Health facilities 122
University libraries 121
School libraries 4.204
Academy of Sciences of the CR 62
Libraries of museums and galleries 252
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Regional libraries
One “main” library in each region (mainly
the former research libraries)
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List of regional libraries
Municipal Library in Prague
Central Bohemia Research Library at Kladno
The Research Library of South Bohemia in CB
Plzeň Region Study and Research Library
Karlovy Vary Regional Library North Bohemian Research
Library in UnL Research Library in Liberec
Hradec Králové Research Library
Pardubice Regional Library Vysočina Regional Library at
Havlíčkův Brod
The Moravian Library in Brno The Research Library in
Olomouc Moravian-Silesian Research
Library in Ostrava František Bartoš Regional
Library at Zlín
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Regional libraries - functions
Coordinating – expert advices, information, training, analytical and research services
Preserving – legal deposit for the region
Cooperative – with NL in building the Union catalogue
Informative - building and providing access to regional information DB
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Public libraries
Operated by local authorities Basic providers of library and information
services Trend – combining the tasks of traditional
libraries with f.e. public access to Internet, municipal information and tourism centres, and local community services
Evaluation of libraries – both quantitative and qualitative indicators
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Special libraries
Offering to libraries within certain specialisation
Coordination and information
Educational, analytical, research, methodological and consultancy activities
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The Czech Academy of Sciences Library
... and libraries of the AoS institutes Founded 1952 together with the AoS 1.2 mill. volumes including archival
documents, manuscripts, incunabula and rare books; grey literature
55 institutes and their libraries (mathematics, physics and Earth sciences; life and chemical sciences; humanities and social sciences)
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The State Technical Library
Domestic and foreign literature, other information sources in the area of technology and applied natural and social sciences
1.2 mill. volumes including books, journals, newspapers, science dissertations, information about companies, electronic documents etc.; grey literature
Seat of the Czech national centre of the ISSN New building – National technical library (opening
on 9.9.2009)
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University libraries
New development after 1989 (ICT, foreign sources)
New layout of the space and new buildings (free access to the collections, study rooms…)
Building of institutional repositories Information education, information literacy Currently, 26 universities and HEI
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Medical Libraries
National Medical Library – largest medical library, dates back to 1841
National Health Information System – collects, processes and provides data from health care institutions
Various libraries established by various ministries and other institutions
122 medical libraries – teaching hospitals and medical faculties, specialized medical centers, research institutes, balneological institutes, nursing colleges etc.
National medical bibliography; Czech version of MeSH
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Museum libraries
Regional literature; books, manuscripts, historical collections and other materials and documents (photographs, posters, exhibition and auction catalogues)
The National Museum Library (1818) – collection of Bohemian works from manuscripts to contemporary printed materials; vast collection of 19th century Slavonic literature; two palace libraries (Nostický a Kinský); collection of Bohemian serials; 341 castle libraries; library culture documents; Museum of Book
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Comenius National Library on Education
Established 1919 Pedagogy, psychology and related fields Special collection of primary and secondary
school textbooks (since the beginning of the19th century); unique collection of national and foreign spelling-books; Comenius-related literature
4.204 school libraries
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The K.E. Macan Library and Printing House for the Blind
Mediating information to the visually impaired
Digitizes texts; provides cultural services; publishes prints in Braille and relief graphics, enlarged prints; makes and distributes audio recordings
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ISL education
All kinds of professional education available
Two secondary schools (Brno, Valašské Mez.) Higher (professional) schools
Higher Professional School of Information Services, Prague (Business information systems, Library services, Museum and gallery services)
High School and College for Vocational Studies in Library and Information Science, Brno (Information systems)
Undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate studies IISL Charles University (Bc., Mgr., Ph.D. + cooperation with Higher
School) Masaryk University Brno (Bc., Mgr.) Silesian University Opava (Bc., Mgr.)
Life-long learning courses
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Professional associations
Association of library and information professionals (SKIP)
The library association of the Czech Republic (SDRUK)
Association of libraries of Czech universities (AKVŠ)
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