ANAND MILK UNION LIMITED (GUJRAT)
INTRODUCTION
Co-operation existed even
before the existence of man. Co-
operatives work for the
sustainable development of the
overall economy through
various policies.
The first time co-operative came
into existence during 18th
century in Europe. “The Shore
Porters Society” claims to be
one of the world's first
cooperatives, being established
in Aberdeen (UK) in 1498. “Sir
Robert Owen” is known as the
father of co-operative movement
in the world.
The term Co-operation is derived from a Latin word “co-operari”,
means “working together with another or others for a common
purpose” or an association of persons who unite to do some work
together in order to achieve some purpose.
Basic principle of co-operation is “EACH FOR ALL AND ALL
FOR EACH” & “SELF HELPAND MUTUALHELP”
The word Co-operation have several meanings and its difficult to
convey the exact meaning in its technical sense. Generally speaking
“Co-operation” means, “living, thinking and working together”.
Co-operation is a joint or collective action of people directed towards some
specific goal in which there is common interest or hope of getting some
reward. Such cooperation may be voluntary or involuntary, direct or
indirect, formal and informal but there always is a combination of efforts
towards a specific end in which all the participants have a real stake.
The Primitive concept of Co-operation was related more to cultural,
religious and social aspects.
inherent in the Society itself.
Co-operation was a way of life and it was
The Modern concept of Co-operation is
altogether different from the primitive one. “It denotes a special method
of doing business” - T.N. Hajeela “The word Co-operation literally
means Working Together or Act Together.”
ROLE OF CO-OPERATIVES Cooperatives play a major self-help role in rural areas, particularly
where private businesses hesitate to go and public authorities do
not provide basic services.
Create opportunity for employment, income generation, and
increase the availability of goods and services, all of which also
contribute to economic growth. Stimulate performance and
competitiveness, as their members are also the beneficiaries.
They are strongly rooted in their community, and are thus more
likely to positively influence it. Are guided by a set of underlying
values and ethics and are schools of social dialogue and democracy.
Balance the need for profitability with the broader
economic and social development needs of their members
and the larger community, because members are both
producers and beneficiaries.
Are particularly valuable for women as they compensate
for their often limited resources, mobility and “voice.”
Associations in many forms (Self-Help Groups, savings
and credit associations, even farmer or fisher
associations) already have a strong presence in rural
areas. They provide convenient and flexible access for
members in light of few or no alternatives.
TYPES OF CO-OPERATIVES IN INDIA
1.•Consumers’ Co-operative Societies
2.•Producers’ Co-operative Societies
3.•Marketing Co-operatives
4.•Housing Co-operatives
5.•Co-operative Credit Societies
6.•Co-operative Farming Societies
CONSUMERS’ CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES
The first consumer co-operative was set up in1903 in Madras province.Currently there arearound 9,000 consumer co-operatives in the country.
There are Primarysocieties at the local level,Central or wholesalesocieties at the districtlevel, State Consumer Co-operative Federation atthe State level andNational Co-operativeConsumer Federation atthe National level.
Sainik Consumer Co-operative
Society Ltd (Goa)
PRODUCERS’ CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES They are formed by small
producers who plan to obtain
inputs (raw materials,
components, tools and equipment)
and to sell their output (finished
goods) by direct distribution and
without any involvement of
middlemen.
They are also called as
industrial co-operatives. Goods
are produced to meet the
requirements of members. Goods
can also be sold to outsiders at a
profit. Certain portion of the
profits earned is spent for the
welfare of the community and the
balance is distributed among
members.
milk producer co-
society (kareng)
Women
operative
Assam
MARKETING CO-OPERATIVES Marketing Co-operatives are
especially suitable for marketing
of agricultural products. They
seek to protect producers from
being exploited by the middlemen.
The output of the members is
pooled together, the products are
processed (e.g. crushing of oil
seeds, ginning and pressing of
cotton etc.) graded and sold at the
best possible price. The sale
proceeds are distributed among
the members according to their
contribution to the pool. They also
provide credit, storage facilities,
information about market price,
demand and supply etc.
Pala Marketing Co-operative
Society (Kerala)
HOUSING CO-OPERATIVES
Housing co-operatives are formed
by those who are interested in
acquiring residential property.
They undertake activities
relating to purchase of land,
obtaining governmental
approvals, development of the
site, construction of houses or
flats and allotment of
houses/flats to its members.
First housing co-operative came
into existence in 1914 in Madras.Kanungo co-operative
group housing society
(New Delhi)
CO-OPERATIVE CREDIT SOCIETIES
The objective of forming
cooperative credit societies is to
provide loans to members at
reasonable rates of interest and
to develop the habit of thrift
among members. They accept
deposits from members and
provide loans to members at
reasonable rates of interest. The
co-operative credit societies are
of two types. They are:
Agricultural credit societies
(Formed in the villages)
Non agricultural credit societies
(Formed in the urban areas)
CO-OPERATIVE FARMING SOCIETIES
They are formed by small farmers with the objective ofmaximizing agricultural
especiallyoutput. It is suitable for developingcountries like India whereland is highly fragmented.
The benefits of collectivefarming such as lower costof inputs, implementation ofmodern methods ofcultivation etc leads tohigher productivity andprofits which is shared by allthe members.
SUCCESSFUL CO-OPERATIVES IN INDIA
AMUL
Mother dairy
NAFED
AAVIN
IFFCO
Nestle
Britannia Bhuttico
In this endeavor, the presented study has been design with the followingobjectives
International Co-operative Alliance (ICA)
Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (ROAP)
National Co-operative Union of India (NCUI)
General Co-operative Structure Urban Credit Co-operative Structure
National Level FederationsNational Federation of the Urban Co-
operative Banks and Credit Societies Ltd
State Level Federations
District Level Federations
Primary Cooperatives
Members
Cooperative Bank of India
State Federation of Urban Cooperative
Banks and Credit Societies.
State Cooperative Bank
District Central Coop.
Urban Coop. Banks
Members
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF CO-OPERATIVES IN INDIA
INTRODUCTION
AMUL is an Indian dairy cooperative, based at Anand in thestate of Gujarat, India. The word AMUL is derived from theSanskrit word “Amulya” (अमलू ू ), meaning “invaluable”.
Formed in December 1, 1946, it is a brand managed by a
cooperative body, the Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing
Federation Limited. (GCMMF), which today is jointly owned
by 03 Million milk producers in Gujarat.
AMUL spurred India's White Revolution which made the
country the world's largest producer of milk and milk
products. In the process Amul became the largest food brand
in India and has also ventured into markets overseas.
Dr. Verghese Kurien,
is the founder-chairman of the GCMMF for
more than 30 years (1973-2006), is credited
with the success of AMUL.
AMUL became the largest exporter of dairy products in the
country. AMUL is available today in over 40 countries of the
world. It has nearly 50 sales offices spread all over the
country, more than 5000 wholesale dealers and more than
7,00000 retailers.
Achievements of GCMMF
Around 3 million milk producer
15 district unions
15,760 village societies
9.4 million liters of milk procured per day
Annual turnover is 53 billion
The Govt. of India has honored Amul with the “Best of all
categories Rajiv Gandhi National Quality Award”.
Largest milk handling capacity in Asia
Largest cold chain network
Export to 37 countries worth 150 crores
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