Virtex-II Platform FPGA from Xilinx
•Highest Density FPGAs in The Industry
•Up to XC2V8000 (8 million systems gates, 104,832LCs) •Up to 1108 user I/O’s in the most advance package offering (FG1152, and FG1517
FPGA Programming Technologies
SRAM Programming TechnologySRAM Programming Technology
Anti-fuse Programming TechnologyAnti-fuse Programming Technology
Erasable Programming TechnologyErasable Programming Technology
FPGA ArchitectureFPGA Architecture
All FPGAs are composed of three All FPGAs are composed of three fundamental components:fundamental components:
Logic blocksLogic blocks
I/O blocksI/O blocks
Programmable routingProgrammable routing
FPGA Logic Block Architecture
Look-up Table (LUTs)Look-up Table (LUTs)
The logic block used in an FPGA strongly influences the FPGA speed and area-efficiency. While many different logic blocks have been used in FPGAs, most current commercial FPGAs use logic blocks based on:
Number of Blocks and Block Area
800800
700700
600600
500500
Number ofNumber of
BlocksBlocks
5050
3030
1010
BlockBlock
AreaArea
22 33 44 55 66 77
Number of inputs Number of inputs
FPGA Routing Architecture
Island – Style FPGAIsland – Style FPGA Row – Based FPGARow – Based FPGA Sea – Gates FPGASea – Gates FPGA Hierarchical FPGAHierarchical FPGA
Commercial FPGAs can be classified into the four groups, based on their routing architecture.
Advantages and Disadvantages of SRAM Programming
The major advantage of this technology is The major advantage of this technology is that FPGA can be reconfigured (in-circuit) that FPGA can be reconfigured (in-circuit) very quickly and can be produced using a very quickly and can be produced using a standard CMOS process technology.standard CMOS process technology.
The chip area required by SRAM approach The chip area required by SRAM approach is relatively large.is relatively large.
Anti-fuse Programming Technology
An anti-fused normally presents a high-impedance state but can be “fused” into a low-impedance state when programmed by a high voltage. The anti-fuse used in each of FPGAs from different company differs in construction . But their function is the same.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Anti-fuse Programming Anti-fuses chip area are small and Anti-Anti-fuses chip area are small and Anti-
fuses have a significantly lower on fuses have a significantly lower on resistance and parasitic capacitance than resistance and parasitic capacitance than transistors, reducing RC delays in the transistors, reducing RC delays in the routing.routing.
The major disadvantages of anti-fuses is The major disadvantages of anti-fuses is that their manufacture requires that their manufacture requires modifications to the basic CMOS process.modifications to the basic CMOS process.
Advantages and Disadvantages of EPROM and EEPROM Programming
The major advantage of EPROM is that it The major advantage of EPROM is that it requires re-programmable but do not requires re-programmable but do not require external storage. EEPROM can be require external storage. EEPROM can be re-programmed in-circuit.re-programmed in-circuit.
A disadvantage of EPROM is that the A disadvantage of EPROM is that the resistor consumes static power. And resistor consumes static power. And EEPROM requires more chip area and EEPROM requires more chip area and multiple voltage sources.multiple voltage sources.
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