Cubism(1907-1914)By: Andrea Mathew, Angela Wang,
Kayla Weber
A Bar at the Folies-Bergere, Edouard Manet (Impressionism)
Influenced by Previous Movements
Influenced by Previous Movements
The Joy of Life, Matisse (Fauvism)
Primitive Art
African Mask Iberian stone carving
Paul Cézanne
• “Treat nature in terms of the cylinder, the sphere and the cone.”
• Avoiding depth• Multiple viewpoints• Different planes• Reducing forms
Mont Sainte-Victorie (1902)
Historical Contexts
• “This strangeness was what we wanted to make people think about because we were quite aware that our world was becoming very strange and not exactly reassuring” –Picasso
• Influence of WWI• Duration, Fourth Dimension, occult,
alchemy, technological innovations
Characteristics
• Emphasize the two dimensionality of the canvas
• Untraditional perspective• Does not copy nature• Still Lifes• Type of realism• Overlapping planes
Pablo Picasso (1881-1973)
Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1907)
Trois Baigneuses Paul Cézanne
Georges Braque (1882-1963)
Houses at
L’Estaque
1908
The Viaduct at L'Estaque Road near L'Estaque
(1908) (1908)
Mont Sainte-Victorie (1902)
Partnership
• Braque introduced to Picasso by Guillaume Apollinaire
• Braque saw Les Demoiselles d’Avignon• Collaboration between 1908 and 1914• Visited each other’s studios and talked
daily• Hard to tell some of their works apart
Man with Guitar (1911-1913)
Pablo Picasso Georges Braque
Kahnweiler
• Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler – German dealer and gallery owner
• Key part in allowing Picasso and Braque to focus on their art
Pablo PicassoPortrait of Monsieur Kahnweiler
(1910)
Analytical Cubism
• Varity in forms• Open angles• Center faded into background• Fragmentation• Various source of lighting• Few colors
The Mandolin
Georges Braque
1909
Portrait of Ambroise
Vollard
Pablo Picasso
1910
The Portuguese
Georges Braque
1911
Synthetic Cubism
• Incorporates everyday materials– Collage– Papiers collés
• Reincorporates color• Built image up from new elements• Simple
Still-life with Chair-caning (1912)Pablo Picasso
Fruit Dish and Glass
Georges Braque
1912
Harlequin
Pablo Picasso
1915
Breakup
• Braque went to serve in WWI in 1914• Braque suffered head injury and was
temporarily blind• Braque and Picasso never worked again
Juan Gris (1887-1927) Similarities to Founders
• Worked with Kahnweiler• Used basic techniques of Cubism• Subject was still life• Went through all the stages of Cubism
Differences from Founders
• Severe and Classical• More Theoretical • Light regains importance• Starting point of paintings were abstract
compositions• Color had a descriptive role
A Pot of Geraniums
1915
Salon Artists
• Exhibited their works in the Salon des Indépendants and the Salon d’ Automne
• Fernand Léger, Robert Delaunay, Henri Le Fauconnier, Jean Metzinger, and Albert Gleizes
• Du cubisme by Metzinger and Gleizes
Fernand Léger
The Stairway
1913
Henri Le Fauconnier
The Abundance
1910
Robert Delaunay
The Eiffel Tower
1911
Jean Metzinger
The Blue Bird
1912-1913
Albert Gleizes Harvest Threshing (1912)
Abstraction
Piet Mondrian
Broadway Boogie Woogie
1942-43
Expressionism
Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
Street, Berlin
1913
Futurism
Umberto Boccioni
Dynamism of a Human Body (1913)
Constructivism
Vladimir Tatlin
Monument to the Third International
1919-20
Dada
Marcel Duchamp
Fountain
1917
Surrealism
Salvador DalíThe Persistence of Memory (1931)
Precisionsim
Charles SheelerWater (1945)
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