© Dialogos Speech Communications S.A.
2nd Workshop for the Internationalization of SSML
Dialogos's Position
© Dialogos Speech Communications S.A.
Motivation
Greek is a heavily inflected language• nouns• adjectives• verbs
Several inflection-related Attributes• Case• Gender• Number• (and we are not even
thinking about verbs)
How does inflection word• Inflection attributes are
shared between certain elements in the same context
• Elements might not be neighboring
Goal• Let's try to cover the most
common case• Neighboring elements
© Dialogos Speech Communications S.A.
Section 1
Inflection definition in <say-as>
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Inflection DefinitionThe 'inflection' attribute in <say-as>
Provide hints to the synthesis processor• how should the element be expanded?• which inflected version should be used?• we could also use the <e> element suggested previously
inflection="?<case> ?<gender> ?<number>"
where: <case>: [‘nominative’, ’accusative’, ’dative’,
’genitive’, ’vocative’] <gender>: [‘masculine’, ’feminine’, ’neuter’] <number>: [‘plural’, ’singular’]
<say-as interpret-as="cardinal" inflection="nominative feminine">3</say-as>Output: τρεις
<say-as interpret-as="cardinal" inflection="nominative neuter">3</say-as> Output: τρία
© Dialogos Speech Communications S.A.
Section 2
Context sensitive expansions
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Context-Sensitive SubstitutionsThe <aliasmap> element
We need to perform context-sensitive substitutions• a single token might have different substitutions• inflection-related specifier
<sub aliasmap="token">
token
</sub>
<aliasmap id=”token”>
<alias inflection=”?<case> ?<gender> ?<number>?”>
expansion1
</alias>
<alias inflection=”?<case> ?<gender> ?<number>”>
expansion2
</alias>
</aliasmap>
© Dialogos Speech Communications S.A.
Context-Sensitive SubstitutionsExample:<aliasmap> use
<sub aliasmap="κ."> κ.</sub>
<aliasmap id="κ."> <alias inflection="plural nominative"> κιλά </alias> <alias inflection="plural genitive"> κιλών </alias></aliasmap>
Input:<say-as interpret-as="cardinal" inflection="plural neuter genitive">3 κ.</say-as>
Output:τριών κιλών (three kilos)
© Dialogos Speech Communications S.A.
Section 3
Additional <say-as> interpretations
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<say-as>Discussion
Issue• <say-as> defines the input• there is no template for describing the way the token should
be rendered• new major SSML version should address issue
<say-as> attributes• details: NMTOKEN -> CDATA?• details="blah?param1=xxx&"• format: NMTOKEN
Two small changes to existing <say-as> without any modification• use 'details' in interpret-as="date"• use 'format' in interpret-as="phone"
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<say-as>
'format' in interpret-as="phone"
format="n+"
Input:<say-as interpret-as="telephone" details ="3223"
format="1">(210) 555-2121</say-as>
Output:four digit groups: '210', '55', '52', '121'
© Dialogos Speech Communications S.A.
<say-as>
'details' in interpret-as="date"
<say-as interpret-as="date" format="ymd" details="dMMMMyyyy"> 2006-04-03</say-as>Output:τρεις απριλίου δύο χιλιάδες έξι
<say-as interpret-as="date" format="ymd" details="dmyyyy"> 2006-04-03</say-as>Output:τρεις τετάρτου δύο χιλιάδες έξι
<say-as interpret-as="date" format="ymd" details="MMMMyyyy"> 2006-04-03</say-as>Output:απρίλιος δύο χιλιάδες έξι
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