YAHYALI (KAYSERİ) VE TARSUS (MERSİN) ’ DAN … uses of plants were investigated and recorded....

SAÜ Fen Edebiyat Dergisi (2013-II) M.SAĞIROĞLU, T.TOPUZ, v.d.

13

AN ETHNOBOTANICAL SURVEY FROM

YAHYALI (KAYSERİ) AND TARSUS (MERSİN)

Mehmet SAĞIROĞLU, Tuğçe TOPUZ, Kübra CEYLAN, Melike TURNA

Sakarya University, Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Biology, Sakarya, Turkey

ABSTRACT

Turkey has a rich flora in terms of great traditional folk medicine, foods and other

purposes (ornament, fuel, dye, cosmetic etc.). In our study, Yahyalı (Kayseri) –

Tarsus (Mersin) and surrounding area ethnobotanical properties were

investigated. The study was completed by going to research area between the

months of June - September (2011). 13 villages and 2 district visited in the

research area and interviewed 89 resource people who have knowledge on the

subject. As a result of these studies,96 taxa included in 41 families were identified.

The families, scientific names of the plants, local names, used parts, usage form

and uses of plants were investigated and recorded.

Key words: Ethnobotany, Yahyalı (Kayseri), Tarsus (Mersin), Turkey

YAHYALI (KAYSERİ) VE TARSUS (MERSİN) ’ DAN

ETNOBOTANİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA

ÖZET

Türkiye halk ilacı, besin ve diğer amaçlı (süs, yakacak, boya, kozmetik vb.) olarak

kullanılabilecek bitkiler açısından zengin bir floraya sahiptir. Çalışmamızda

Yahyalı (Kayseri) – Tarsus (Mersin) ve çevresinin etnobotanik özellikleri

araştırıldı. Araştırma alanına Haziran - Eylül (2011) ayları arasında gidilerek

çalışma tamamlandı. Araştırma alanında 13 köy ve 2 mahalle gezildi, konu ile

ilgili bilgi sahibi olan 89 kaynak kişi ile görüşüldü. Bu araştırmalar sonucunda 41

familyaya ait 96 takson tespit edildi. Bitkilerin familyaları, bilimsel ve yöresel

adları, kullanılan kısımları, kullanım şekilleri ve amaçları incelendi ve kaydedildi.

Anahtar kelimeler: Etnobotanik, Yahyalı (Kayseri), Tarsus (Mersin), Türkiye

M.SAĞIROĞLU, T.TOPUZ, v.d. SAÜ Fen Edebiyat Dergisi (2013-II)

14

1. INTRODUCTION

The term ‘ ethnobotany ’ was first coined in 1896 by the American botanists

John Harshberger as the study of plants used by primitive and aboriginal

people. Since then it has been defined as the traditional knowledge of

indigenous commuties of the surrounding plant diversity and the study of

how the people of a particular culture and region make use of indigenous

plants [1].

Ethnobotany includes all types of relationships between people and

plants. The definition of ethnobotany can be summed up in four words:

people, plants, interactions and uses [1].

People have used plants for their own purposes(especially food, folk

medicine, instruments and equipment, manufacturing, dye, ornaments

etc.) for centuries. Various properties of plants, information to be used as

medical and food transferred from generation to generation [2].

Turkey, which has hosted many civilizations, in terms of cultural wealth

and rich floristic composition constitute a very rich research area for

ethnobotanical studies [3].

Turkish people are quite interested in wild plants, due to the high

proportion of people living in rural areas, and also for economic reasons

[4]. In recent years, the plants – used traditionally for curative purposes –

have attracted attention of the researchers such as: [5] , [6], [7], [8], [9] ,[10],

[11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23] .

The use of plant species that are naturally available in the flora as food,

teas, spices, dyes, insecticides, resin or gum, for medicinal purposes and

treating animal diseases, using their essential oils, or using them in

beverage or cosmetics industry has been a part of the traditional and

cultural prosperity in Turkey as well as in other parts of the world [24].

However, this concept is sinking into oblivion in parallel to an increase in

urbanization.


15

Aim of this study, detection of scientific and local names of plants and

determination of the ethnobotany properties that grow naturally in the

districts of Yahyalı (Kayseri) - Tarsus (Mersin), located in the south of

Turkey.

2.MATERIALS AND METHODS

Yahyalı (Kayseri) – Tarsus (Mersin) are located in the south of Turkey.

Yahyalı - Tarsus is in C5 according to grid square classificationn system

developed by Davis (1965-1985). Geographical location of study area was

given in Fig. 1. Yahyalı was established south of the province of Kayseri,

is surrounded by Develi in the north, Feke (Adana) in the southeast,

Çamardı (Niğde) and Yeşilhisar (Kayseri) in the southwest and South. It

has a 1546 km2 surface area and altitude is 1210 m. The climate in the

Yahyalı district is continental climate. Tarsus is surrounded by Pozantı and

Karaisalı (Adana) in the east, Mersin in the west, Mediterranean in the

south. It has 2240 km2 surface area and altitude is 23 m. The climate in the

Tarsus district is typical of the Mediterranean.

Fig.1. Geographical location of the study area.


16

Field studies were completed by going to research area between the

months of June – September in 2011. The related information and

documentation was compiled and samples of the plants in public use were

collected simultaneously. For this purpose, 7 villages (Kaleburcu,

Hacıhamzalı, İhsaniye, Dedeler, Kamber Höyüğü, Çavuşlu and Zeytin) , 3

district (Fevzi Çakmak, Tozkoparan and 82 Evler) and 1 plateau( Tekir) in

Tarsus, 6 villages (Derebağ, Kapuzbaşı, Mustafabeyli, Kocahacılı, Göynük

and İlyaslı) and 2 district (Fethullah and İsmet) in Yahyalı were visited

and interviewed 89 resource people who have knowledge on the subject.

The local names, utilizations, used parts and usage forms of the plants

growing in the district were inquired from these interviewes. The

informations about plants were compiled as a result of face to face

interwiews with local markets and actars.

“Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands” by P. H. Davis [25], [26],

‘’Botanical Latin’’ [27], ‘’Türkçe Bitki Adları sözlüğü’’ [28] and ‘’Tohumlu

Bitkiler Sistematiği‘‘[29] were used as reference in the identification of the

plant samples. The collected specimens were processed as herbarium

vouchers and are currently stored in Sakarya University Herbarium.

3. RESULTS

The traditional use of plants plays a significant role in human life in

Turkey. It is shown that local people use plants especially for food,

medicine, ornaments, fuel and other purposes in Yahyalı (Kayseri) and

Tarsus (Mersin). Eighty nine people were interviewed in this survey. At

the end of the field studies, 96 taxa included in 41 families ethnobotanical

features were identified. According to results, 47 taxa were used for food,

78 taxa for medical and 24 taxa for different purposes respectively. In the

region a taxon used for more than one purpose.


17

Local people consumed plants in several areas. Plants were used as animal

feed, meal, food, fruit, jam, syrup and spices. As animal feed Trifolium

purpureum Lois. var. purpureum, Trifolium repens L., Morus alba L.,

Onopordum acanthium L., Hordeum bulbosum L., Zea mays L., As meal Rumex

conglomeratus Murray., Capparis spinosa L., Malva neglecta Wallr., Capsella

bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik , Cicer anatolicum Alef., Urtica dioica L., as food

Vitis vinifera L., Pyrus syriaca Boiss., Prunus divaricata Ledeb., Opuntia ficus-

indica (L.) Miller, Onopordum acantihum L., Olea europaea L., Convolvulus

arvensis L., Lycopersicon esculentum Miller, Solanum tuberosum L., Capsicum

annuum L., Allium cepa L., Allium sativum L., Hordeum bulbosum L., Triticum

aestivum L., Zea mays L., Cucurbita pepo L., Cucumis sativus L., Anethum

graveolens L., Petroselinum crispum (Miller) A.W. Hill, Daucus carota L.,

Elaeagnus angustifolia L., Juglans regia L., as fruit Crataegus aronia (L.) Bosc.

ex. DC. , Morus alba L., Vitis vinifera L., Prunus armeniaca L., Persica vulgaris

Miller, Cydonia oblonga Miller, Malus sylvestris Miller, Pyrus communis L., as

spices Rhus coriaria L., Mentha arvensis L., Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson

subsp. longifolia, Mentha piperita L., Ocimum basilicum L., as pine resin Pinus

nigra J.F. Amold, as coffee Pistacia terebinthus L., as jam Rubus sanctus

Schreb., Prunus avium (L.) Moench, Prunus armeniaca L., as syrup Ceratonia

siliqua L., Vitis vinifera L., Morus alba L., as snack Helianthus annuus L.,

Cyperus rotundus L.


18

Table 1. Plant used for medicinal propose in Yahyalı – Tarsus

Family Botanical

name

Local name Plant

part

used

Usage

form

Uses Village

number

Aceraceae Acer

platanoides

L.

Akçaağaç Levaes

and

flowers

Decoction

and

gargle

Gingiva

diseases

8

Anacardiaceae Rhus

coriaria L.

Sumak,

somak

Fruits Powdered

fruits

mixed

with

tobacco

and

applied

Bleeding

wounds

3

Apiaceae Ammi

visnaga (L.)

Lam.

Diş otu,

Hıltan

Aerial

parts

Infusion Vascular

opener

15

Apiaceae Anethum

graveolens

L.

Dereotu Leaves

Seeds

Chew

Decoction

and

mixed

honey

Halitosis

Digestion

14

Apiaceae Daucus

carota L.

Havuç Roots

Fresh

Fresh

Eyes

Diarrhea

14

Apiaceae Eryngium

glomeratum

Lam.

Boğaz dili Aerial

parts

Decoction Animal

drug

9

Apiaceae Petroselinu

m crispum

(Miller)

A.W. Hill

Maydanoz Leaves

Decoction

Decoction

Decoction

and sit on

Body

inflammat

ion

Slim

Cystitis

13

Araceae Arum

italicum P.

Mill.

Avı Tubers

Tubers

Aerial

parts

Shredded

tubers

crushed

and

pomade

to the

piles

Shredded

tubers

crushed

and snuff

Decoction

and mash

Hemorrho

id

Hepatitis

Muscle

pain

3


19

Asteraceae Achillea

wilhelmsii

C.Koch

Civan

perçemi

Aerial

parts

Infusion

Decoction

Migraine

Anorexia

Regular

operation

of kidney

Gynecolo

gical

diseases

9, 15

Asteraceae Anthemis

austriaca

Jacq.

Papatya Flowers

Flowers

Decoction

Decoction

and kept

in the sun

1-2 hours.

Cough

Hairs

2

Asteraceae Bellis

perennis L.

Papatya Aerial

parts

Decoction Sedative 14

Asteraceae Centaurea

coronopifoli

a Lam.

Peygamber

çiçeği

Aerial

parts

Decoction Cold 13

Asteraceae Helianthus

annuus l.

Ayçiçeği Flowers Decoction

and

mixed

with

honey

Cold 10

Asteraceae Helichrysu

m

chionophilu

m Boiss. &

Bal

Altın çiçek Flowers Dried and

decoction

Diuretic

Kidney

stones

8

Asteraceae Helichrysu

m stoechas

(L.)

Moench.

Altın otu Aerial

parts

Dried and

Decoction

Decoction

and

mixed

with

Hypericum

sp. oil

Kidney

Stone

Stomacha

che

15

Asteraceae Xanthium

strumarium

L.

Pıtrak otu Root Mixed

with olive

oil and

applied to

the scalp

Alopecia

and scurf

1

Boraginaceae Anchusa

stylosa

Bieb.

Sığırdili Aerial

parts

Burned,

ash mixed

with

honey and

gargle

Gingiva

diseases

and tooth

decay

18

Brassicaceae Capsella

bursa-

pastoris (L.)

Medik

Çoban

çantası

Aerial

parts

Meal Intestine 9

Brassicaceae Cardaria

draba (L.)

Desv.

Kedi otu Roots

Roots

Decoction Sleep

disorder,

sedative

Anorexia

14


20

Cactaceae Opuntia

ficus-indica

(L.) Miller

Lap inciri,

Dikenli

incir,

Kaynanadil

i,

Frenk inciri

Fruits

Leaves

Eaten

Leaves

were cut

into two

and

boiled,

placed

back in

the warm

İntestine

Crick

2

Capparaceae Capparis

spinosa L.

Keber Fruits

Seeds

Decoction

Eaten

Skin tonic

Abdomin

al pain

15

Cistaceae Cistus

creticus L.

Pamuk otu,

Laden

çiçeği

Leaves Decoction Expectora

nt,

diarrhea

8

Cistaceae Helianthem

um

stipulatum

(Forsk) C.

Chritonsen

Güneş gülü Aerial

parts

Mixed

with

lemon,

mint, dill,

sugar and

heated

Sickness 8

Crassulaceae Sedum

sempervivoi

des Bieb.

Taş

koruğu,

Taş çiçeği

Aerial

parts

Decoction

and

pomade

Piles and

callus

2

Cucurbitaceae Cucumis

sativus L.

Salatalık Fruits Sliced and

placed to

the skin

Mixed

with cold

milk and

applied to

the face

Skin

diseases

Freckle

14

Cucurbitaceae Cucurbita

pepo L.

Kabak Fruits Cooked

and

placed to

the tonsil

with cloth

Cooked

and

wrapped

in

inflamed

areas

Tonsillitis,

mumps

İnflammat

ory pain

14


21

Cucurbitaceae Ecballium

elaterium

( L.)A.

Rich.

Cırt atan Fruits

Fruits

Fruit juice

is taken

with a

syringe,

nasal

sprey

were

prepared

Crushed

and milk

is

removed,

mixed

with flour,

eaten

Sinusitis

Hemorrho

id

16

Cyperaceae Cyperus

rotundus L.

Topalak,

Kara

topalak

Tubers

Tubers

Tubers

Fresh

Powdered

and

mixed

with

sugar

Fresh

Halitosis

Abdomin

al pain

Heartburn

1

Elaeagnaceae Elaeagnus

angustifolia

L.

İğde Fruits

Flowers

Eaten

Decoction

and

mixed

with

honey

Sickness

and vomit

Eczema

14

Fabaceae Ceratonia

siliqua L.

Harnup,

Keçi

Boynuzu

Fruits Grape

molasses

Cough 17

Gentianaceae Centaurium

pulchellum

(Swartz)

Druce

Kırmızı

kantaron

Flowers Mixed

with olive

oil and

applied to

the

wounds

Wounds 19

Geraniaceae Geranium

divaricatum

Ehrh.

Turnagagas

ı

Aerial

parts

Boiled or

fresh and

wrapped

to the

wound

Eczama,

tonsillitis,

diarrhea,

intestinal

inflammat

ion

13


22

Guttiferae Hypericum

perforatum

L.

Kantaron,

Sarı

kantaron

Flowers

Flowers

Decoction

Mixed

with olive

oil in the

airtight jar

and kept

outside

for two

week in

the

summer.

And

produced

hypericu

m oil.

Hypericu

m oil

externally

Sedative

and

diabetes

Ulcer

Burn

2

Hypolepidaceae Pteridium

aquilinum

(L.) Kuhn

Eğrelti otu Roots Dried Intestinal

parasites

1

Juglandaceae Juglans

regia L.

Ceviz Leaves Decoction

Decoction

and

applied to

the joints

Cancer

Joint pain

14

Lamiaceae Mentha

arvensis L.

Nane Flowers Decoction Indigestio

n

14

Lamiaceae Mentha

longifolia

(L.)

Hudson

subsp.

longifolia

Tüylü nane Leaves Decoction

with

lemon

Stomach

diseases

and cold

15

Lamiaceae Ocimum

basilicum L.

Fesleğen

Reyhan

Leaves

Aerial

parts

Decoction

Decoction

Stomacha

che

Intestinal

gas and

oral

mucositis

14

Lamiaceae Rosmarinus

officinalis L.

Püren Leaves Decoction Appetizin

g, diuretic

3

Lamiaceae Sideritis

phlomoides

Boiss. &

Bal.

Adaçayı Aerial

parts

Decoction Tonsillitis,

cold

12


23

Lamiaceae Ziziphora

capitata L.

Dağ

reyhanı

Aerial

parts

Decoction Cough,

sore

throat

Hypertens

ion,

diuretic,

intestinal

worms,

regulating

the

operation

of the

heart

12

Lauraceae Laurus

nobilis L.

Defne Flowers

Flowers

Flowers

Decoction

and

applied to

the hairs

Decoction

Mixed

with bath

water

Hairs

Hoarsenes

s

Acne

2

Liliaceae Allium cepa

L.

Soğan

Pivaz

Leaves

and

stems

Decoction

Baked or

boiled

Decoction

Constipati

on, weight

loss

Body

inflammat

ion

Gynecolo

gical

diseases

14

Liliaceae Allium

sativum L.

Sarımsak Stems

Swallowe

d

Applied

to the

hairs

Crushed

and

mixed

with olive

oil

Swallowe

d

Hypertens

ion

Ringwor

m and

alopecia

Worm

İnflammat

ion and

hair

bleaching

14

Liliaceae Asphodeline

prismatocar

pa J.Gay ex

Baker

İtsiğe çiçeği Fruits Crushed

Warts 10

Liliaceae Asphodeline

taurica

(Palas)

Kunth.

Dede

değneği

Roots Decoction Kidney

Stone

8

Liliaceae Smilax

aspera L.

Saperne Fruits

and

leaves

Decoction

Constipati

on

Eczema

3


24

Malvaceae Alcea

pallida

Waldst&

Kit

Hatmi

çiçeği

Aerial

parts

Flowers

Infusion

Crushed

and

placed to

the tooth

Ophthalm

ia

Toothache

14, 15

Malvaceae Malva

neglecta

Wallr.

Ebegümeci

Kömeç,

Kömbeç

Aerial

parts

Leaves

Leaves

Decoction

and

mixed

with

honey

Decoction

Decoction

and

matured

for a day

Cough

Tonsillitis

and

Gynecolo

gical

diseases

Kidney

stones

14

Moraceae Morus alba

L.

Beyaz dut Stems,

fruits

Decoction Anemia 2, 13

Myrtaceae Myrtus

communis

L.

Mersin,

Murt

Leaves

Flowers

Decoction

for 1-2

hours and

mixed

water

Infusion

Diabetes

Intestine

15

Oleaceae Olea

europaea L.

Zeytin,

Delice

Leaves Chew Hypertens

ion

7

Platanaceae Platanus

orientalis L.

Çınar Bark

Leaves

Leaves

Bark

boiled

with

vinegar

and

gargle

Leaves

and bark

boiled

Decoction

Boiled

and sit on

a vapor

Toothache

Alopecia

and scurf

Kidney

Stones

Piles

1, 14

Poaceae

Cynodon

dactylon

(L.) Pers.

Ayrık otu Roots Decoction Kidney

Stones

Constipati

on

1

Poaceae Triticum

aestivum L.

Buğday,

Beyaz

çomak

Stems Decoction

and bathe

Hernia 2

Poaceae Zea mays L. Mısır

Darı, Koçan

Aerial

parts

Tassel

Decoction

Decoction

Renal

pains,

kidney

Stones

Weight

loss

5


25

Polygonaceae Rumex

conglomerat

us Murray.

Labada,

Kuzukulağı

Aerial

parts

Mash

Decoction

and

poured on

the cloth,

wrapped

the throat

Eczema

Goitre

15

Ranunculaceae Anemone

coronaria L.

Dağ lalesi Flowers

Aerial

parts

Decoction

Crushed

and

mixed

with olive

oil,

applied

on

wounds

Expectora

nt,

diuretic

Purulent

wound

14

Resedaceae Reseda lutea

L.

Eşek turpu Flowers Cataplas

m

Psoriasis

and skin

diseases

14

Rhamnaceae Paliurus

spina-christi

Miller

Çaltı, Çalı

dikeni

Fruits Decoction Menstrual

cramps

2

Rosaceae Crataegus

aronia (L.)

Bosc. ex

DC.

Alıç Fruits Fresh Hypertens

ion

2

Rosaceae Cydonia

oblonga

Miller

Ayva Leaves

Fruit

Decoction

Leaves

boiled

with

apple peel

and

lemon,

mixed

with

honey

Diarrhea

Cough

10

Rosaceae Malus

sylvestris

Miller

Elma Aerial

parts

Decoction Abdomin

al pain

and

indigestio

n

10

Rosaceae Persica

vulgaris

Miller

Şeftali Leaves Decoction Cough

and

intestinal

worms

14

Rosaceae Prunus

armeniaca

L.

Kayısı Fruits

Seed

Fresh Intestine

Cancer

10


26

Rosaceae Prunus

avium

(L.)

Moench

Meth.

Kiraz Fruits

Bark

Peduncl

e

Fresh

Blood-

forming

Constipati

on and

antipyreti

c

Diuretic

10

Rosaceae Pyrus

communi

s L.

Armut Fruits Fresh Sickness 19

Rosaceae Pyrus

syriaca

Boiss.

Taş

armudu

Leaves Decoction Goitre 2

Rosaceae Rosa

canina L.

Kuşburnu Fruits Decoction Cold,

cough and

irritation

5

Scrophulariaceae Digitalis

cariensis

Boiss. ex.

Jaub.

Yüksük otu Aerial

parts

Decoction Hemorrho

ids

12

Scrophulariaceae Verbascu

m

hadschine

nse

Freynin

Sığır

kuyruğu

Aerial

parts

Flowers

Decoction

with

thyme

Decoction

Expectora

nt and

cough

Migraine

12

Solanaceae Capsicum

annuum

L.

Biber Aerial

parts

Dried and

decoction

Cold 14

Solanaceae Lycopersi

con

esculentu

m L.

Domates Aerial

parts

Fresh Digestion 14, 15

Solanaceae Solanum

tuberosu

m L.

Patates Tuber Sliced

tuber are

placed

upon the

eyes

Eyes 5

Urticaceae Urtica

dioica L.

Isırgan Leaves

Whole

plant

Seeds

Dried and

mixed

with

honey

Decoction

and put

on the

wound

Decoction

and hair

washed

Bronchitis

Burn

wound

Scurf

14

Vitaceae Vitis

vinifera

L.

Üzüm,

Tarsus

beyazı

Fruits Dried and

eaten with

core

Anemia 4


27

Zygophyllaceae Peganum

harmala

L.

Üzerlik,

Nazar otu

Seeds Burned

and ash

applied

Abscess 3

Zygophyllaceae Tribulus

terrestris

L.

Çoban

çökeleği

Aerial

parts

Decoction Kidney

Stones

and

hypertensi

on

1

Village numbers: 1: Kaleburcu, 2: Hacıhamzalı, 3: İhsaniye, 4: Dedeler, 5: Kamberhöyüğü, 6:

Zeytin, 7: Çavuşlu, 8: Derebağ, 9: Kapuzbaşı, 10: Mustafabeyli, 11: Kocahacılı, 12: Göynük,

13: Fethullah District, 14: İsmet District, 15: Fevzi Çakmak District, 16: Tozkoparan District,

17: 82 Evler District, 18: İlyaslı, 19: Tekir Plateau.

Fig.2. The most common families in the research area

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Nu

mb

er o

f p

lan

t sp

ecie

s

The most common families


28

Fig.3. The number of the plant parts that are commonly used.

Fig.4. The methods for the preparation of the plants and the number of their uses.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Aerialparts

Leaves Fruits Flowers Roots Seeds Tubers Stems

Nu

mb

er o

f p

lan

t sp

ecie

s

Commonly used plant parts

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Nu

mb

ers

of

pla

nt

spec

ies

Commonly used preparation methods


29

Table 2. Plant used as ornaments, tools, fuel and other purpose in Yahyalı- Tarsus

FAMILY BOTANICAL

NAME

LOCAL

NAME

PART

USED

USES Village

Number

Anacardiaceae Pistacia

terebinthus L.

Çitlembik,

Melengiç,

Menengiç

Fruits

Soap

Nest

construction

6

Apiaceae Ammi visnaga

(L.) Lam.

Diş otu,

Hıltan

Flowers

and

pedicel

Toothpick 15

Asteraceae Artemisia

annua L.

Kabe

süpürgesi

Peygamber

süpürgesi,

Yavşan

Whole

plant

Ornaments

Whisk

15

Asteraceae Echinops

viscosus DC.

Kirpidikeni Whole

plant

Fuel 2

Brassicaceae Fibigia

eriocarpa

(DC.) Boiss.

Süs bitkisi Aerial

parts

Ornaments 2

Caryophyllaceae Dianthus

barbatus L.

Çin karanfili Aerial

parts

Decoration 2

Caryophyllaceae Minuartia

juniperiana

(L.) Marie &

Petitm

Hanımyastığı Aerial

parts

Ornaments 14

Capparaceae Capparis

spinosa L.

Keber Flowers

Fruits

Dye

Pharmaceutical

industry

15

Cistaceae Cistus creticus

L.

Pamuk otu,

Laden çiçeği

Flowers Cosmetic 2

Dipsacaceae Scabiosa rotata

M.Bieb.

Uyuz otu,

Yaz

süpürgesi

Whole

plant

Whisk

Ornaments

2

Fagaceae Quercus

infectoria Oliv.

Pelit Aerial

parts

Fuel

Dye

3

Lamiaceae Ocimum

basilicum L.

Reyhan Whole

plant

Decoration 14

Liliaceae Lilium

candium L.

Beyaz

zambak

Whole

plant

Ornaments 7

Malvaceae Alcea pallida

Waldst. &Kit.

Eşe Fatma,

Gül Fatma,

Gül hatmi

Whole

plant

Ornaments 2, 14

Malvaceae Gossypium

hirsutum L.

Pamuk Stem

Fruits

Fuel

Textile

2


30

Meliaceae Melia

azedarach L.

Tespih ağacı Fruits Ornaments 2

Oleaceae Olea europaea

L.

Zeytin,

Delice

Stems Fuel 7

Pinaceae Pinus nigra J.F

Amold.

Karaçam Stem Fuel

Wood material

4

Platanaceae Platanus

orientalis L.

Çınar Stems Fuel 14

Poaceae Triticum

aestivum L.

Buğday,

Beyaz çomak

Whole

plant

Basket 1, 2

Resedaceae Reseda lutea L. Eşek turpu Aerial

parts

Wool dyeing 14

Rhamnaceae Paliurus spina-

christi Miller

Çaltı, Çalı

dikeni

Fruits Amulet 2

Rosaceae Crataegus

aronia (L.)

Bosc. ex. DC.

Alıç Stem

and

branch

Fuel 2

Zygophyllaceae Peganum

harmala L.

Üzerlik,

Nazar otu

Seeds Amulet 3

Village numbers: 1: Kaleburcu, 2: Hacıhamzalı, 3: İhsaniye, 4: Dedeler, 5: Kamberhöyüğü, 6:

Zeytin, 7: Çavuşlu, 8: Derebağ, 9: Kapuzbaşı, 10: Mustafabeyli, 11: Kocahacılı, 12: Göynük,

13: Fethullah District, 14: İsmet District, 15: Fevzi Çakmak District, 16: Tozkoparan District,

17: 82 Evler District, 18: İlyaslı, 19: Tekir Plateau.

4. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION

Ethnobotanical studies were carried out in Yahyalı (Kayseri) – Tarsus

(Mersin). In the research areas, it is found that local people use 96 taxa

included 41 families for different purposes. These plants which are used

in the treatment of many diseases, as food and other purposes (ornament,

fuel, dye etc.). According to results 47 taxa were used for food, 78 taxa for

medical and 24 taxa for different purposes respectively. Details were given

in Table 1 and 2.

In region, the plant species are commonly used for medical purposes.

Local people used medicinal plants for the treatment of various ailments.

The most frequently used parts were aerial parts such as leaves, fruits,


31

flowers, roots and seeds (Fig. 3). Sometimes local people also used other

ingredients, such as sugar, honey, flour and lemon to prepare herbal

medicine. Decoction and pomade are the methods mostly used for the

preparation of the herbal medicines in Yahyalı and Tarsus (Fig. 4). Many

plants are used for treatment of diabetes, gastrointestinal diseases, mouth

and gum diseases, hemorrhoids, skin diseases (eczema, wound, acne etc.),

cancer, kidney stones and urinary inflammations, colds, as sedative and

blood stopper. Details about plants used for medical propose were given

in Table 1. Also, the most common families were Rosaceae and Asteraceae

in the region (Fig. 2).

Another area of plants used as food and local people consumed plants

in cooking, like vegetables, fruits, spices, jams, as fresh and rousted. In

addition to that, local people used plants as fuel, dye, ornament,

decoration, cosmetic etc. Details were given in Table 2.

The present study was compared with the previous studies which were

conducted in different regions in Turkey. There were several differences

in the use of several plants. The following differences were observed

between the present study and the study by Bağcı [30] conducted in

Aladağlar (Yahyalı - Kayseri): The flowers of Alcea pallida boiled with

Urtica sp. for the treatment of cough and stomache diseases in Aladağlar

(Bağcı)[30] whereas flowers crushed and placed to the tooth for the

treatment of toothache in Yahyalı in our study. While Sideritis phlomoides

used in the treatment of abdominal pain in Aladağlar, whole plant used

for boiling in the treatment of tonsillitis and cold in Yahyalı in our study.


32

The leaves of Rosmarinus officinalis were reported to be decocted to be used

treatment of cholosterol and hypotension in the study by Güneş [31]

conducted in Karaisalı (Adana) and its villages whereas in this study, were

used as an appetizing and diuretic. In the same study, the fruits of Vitis

vinifera were reported, treatment of cough and iflamed wounds, as

analgesic in buckling of hand and foot while in our study, fruits were used

in the treatment of anemia. While Olea europaea leaves were used the

treatment of cardiac rhythm disorders, diabetes and cholosterol in the

study by Güneş [31], leaves were used in the treatment of hypertension in

our study.

In the study by Everest and Öztürk (2005) [15] conducted in Mersin and

Adana, the flowers of Capsella bursa- pastoris were reported to be decocted

as antirheumatic and diaphoretic, in the treatment of arthritis and

hemostatic arteriosclerosis whereas in our study aerial parts of plant were

used in the treatment of intesinal diseases in this study. Ocimum basilicum

leaves were reported to be infused as purgative and antidepressant while

in present study were used in the treatment of stomachache.

The fruits of Cucumis sativus were eaten in the treatment of constipation in

the study by Vural, Karavelioğulları and Polat [32] conducted in Çiçekdağı

(Kırşehir) and around whereas in our study, were sliced and placed to the

skin for skin diseases and freckle.

In the study by Abay and Kılıç[33] conducted in Pürenbeleni and

Yanıktepe (Mersin), the leaves of Laurus nobilis were boiled for rheumatism


33

and myalgia, however in this study, were decocted treatment of

hoarseness.

The fruits of Paliurus spina- christi were reported to be decocted as diuretic

in Tetik, Civelek and Çakılcıoğlu ‘s [34] study that was conducted in

Malatya while, were used for menstrual cramps in this study.

Achillea wilhelmsii aerial parts against herpes infections in mouth and

toothache in the study by Özkan and Koyuncu (2005) [16] in Pınarbaşı

Area (Kayseri), whereas, were infused for migraine, anorexia, regular

operation of kidney decocted for gynecological diseases in Yahyalı-

Tarsus.

While, in the study that conducted in Andırın (Kahramanmaraş)[35] by

Demirci and Özhatay (2012), Crataegus aronia fruits were swallowed for

cardiac diseases, fruits were used for hypertension in our study.

Juglans regia leaves were infused for urethritis in Urgüp - Nevşehir (Tuzlacı

and Şenkardeş, [36], whereas were decocted in the treatment of cancer, also

were used for joint pain in this study.

Roots of Reseda lutea were chew for abdominal pain in the study which

conducted in Nizip (Aksaray) by Öztürk and Dinç [37], flowers were used

for psoriasis and skin diseases in our study.

With this study, we believe that we will contribute to future studies

regarding the use of plants to helping our biological richness be known

and be protected more.


34

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