Www.kpedu.fi RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES FOR ELDERLY PEOPLE Eeva-Riitta Asujamaa and Tarja Ingman Spring...

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RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES FOR ELDERLY PEOPLE

Eeva-Riitta Asujamaa and Tarja Ingman

Spring 2008

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Kokkola Institute of Social Services and Health Care

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INTRODUCTION This project of four classes is a part of the studies

of Rehabilitating work for elderly and the stimulus activity. The aim of these classes is to prepare the student to supervise the psychologically and socially active groups of elderly.

NEEDED DURING THE CLASSES Instructional handouts The materials regarding different student groups

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THE INDEPENDENT WORK RELATED WITH THE TOPIC OF THE CLASS

The students collect the materials for the planning of an own activity moment.

THE FOUR CLASSES CONSIST OF THE FOLLOWING:

1. and 2. CONTENTS OF THE CLASS: Orientation 3. CONTENTS OF THE CLASS: Planning 4. CONTENTS OF THE CLASS: Execution &

evaluation

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THE RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES FOR ELDERLY PEOPLE

CONTENTS:Class 1.

The instructions for the group assignment: The planning and implementation of recreational activities for elderly while taking their age and body’s shape into account

Central concepts:

Instructions for the assignment: Create a plan of recreational activities for elderly with your partner. You may choose the target group of your liking. Gather materials independently for the 3rd class’ work. A written plan about recreational activities must be handed over to the teacher before 4th class. The written plan must consist of:

Target analysis: participants’ age, gender, number, problems, etc. Objective analysis: 1 to 3 objects (physical, psychical, social) Resources: spaces, equipment, materials, time resources, own resources Evaluating plan: self evaluation, peer evaluation, teacher’s evaluation The assignment shall be rated 1 – 5.

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The targets of evaluation:

The control of the assignment:Recreational activities (ex. reading, listening music, different forms of exercise)Interaction

The control of the assignment process:The planning and implementation of recreational activitiesThe command of the knowledge based on the assignmentInteractionRecreational activities

The control of the assignment’s safety: Following the safety instructionsErgonomics

Core competency in all fields:Co-operation skills in the assignment group/working with pairsAttitude towards the assignment

Ethnical and aesthetical skills:Abiding the fiduciary dutyThe equality of customers and taking note on customers’ aesthetic values

Common emphasis:Classy and friendly actionsMeeting with the customer and individual assistanceWorking with an interaction situationResponsible workingSustainable development, waste treatment and sorting

Center concepts:Ability to functionRehabilitating recreational activitiesTraining of physical and social domain

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Class 2.

Creating a plan for recreational activities

Choosing the subject and making an analysis with a partner.

Theory about the contents of recreational activities: Discussion Remembering Music Games and playing Brain gymnastics Celebrations and events Trips Participative activity

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Class 3.Creating a plan for group activity based on the materials.Students plan a stimulus activation moment.

Issues that should be taken into notice while planning: Does the group have a safe atmosphere? How well are the thoughts and ideas brought up? How does the interaction work? Is everyone taking part with it? How is the group turned on by new things? What do the group members think of the atmosphere? What can the group do to improve the issues mentioned above?

Class 4. Presentation of the plans Evaluation

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THEORY PART:

Center concepts:1. Ability to function is a central measurement of well-being. It means the ability

for an elderly person to deal with his/her daily activities in his/her settings and an opportunity to lead a full life and carry out his/her objects and hopes.

The different forms of the ability:

Physical ability: Mental functions (ex. memory, learning, concentration) Self-insight, self respect, aptitude, mood Emotional factors (ex. happiness, anxiety, depression)Social ability: Social skills, contacts, roles, taking care of things, social success.Physical ability: Mobility, capability to deal with daily activities

As researchers indicate, the more a human uses his/her social, psychical and physical potentials, that longer they remain active.

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2. Rehabilitating work means working that supports the customer’s own potentials in physical, psychical and social abilities in every stage.

3. Rehabilitating stimulus activity means the actions and the forms of work as well as the means to interact with the environment that supports psychical and social abilities to function. The goal is to maintain the mental freshness and own potential of an elderly person and prevent the working potential’s untimely weakening.

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The aims of rehabilitating stimulus activity

Psychical aims: Cognitive area: to activate memory, concentration, deduction, learning Emotional area: to support the experience of successfulness and capability, to

help self-actualize and to vent and handle emotionsSocial aims: To increase social skills To make interacting easier To get to know other people To give a chance to be heard To give a chance to enjoy being together To give a chance to be a part of a groupPhysical aims: To maintain skills that are needed in everyday life To support the retaining mobility

The stimulus activity that draws out the elderly person’s own potential isa way to satisfy the mental needs and maintain the working capacity. Thebasis of stimulus activity is always the elderly person himself/herself,his/her background, hopes and life situation.

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The principles of rehabilitating stimulus activity

Individualism: The stimulus activities start from elderly person’s needs, hopes and interests.

The purpose: With almost every elderly person, the reason for stimulus activities’ purpose is to be though carefully.

Systematic: Personal nurse creates a personal plan for stimulus activity

Methodical: The already made plan is used as a part of nursing Versatility: The working capacity of an elderly person is supported in

many ways; emphasizing his/her strengths and the things he/she respects

Making notes and evaluation: The success of accomplishment is noted on the plan. At the same time the successful things are appraised and thoughts of things which might need some improving.

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Discussion In discussion groups it is especially important to create a good and

free atmosphere and to keep the group size small (4-6 people)

Matters to stimulate the discussion: Current topics, news, events near and far Newspaper survey; reading newspapers and magazines with

commenting on them and discussing them Literature circle or poetry circle; biographies, short stories, travel

stories, aphorisms, poems. After reading, discussion on thoughts that have come to mind, memories and feelings based on the reading

Looking at pictures and discussion. Slides, big coloured pictures which arouse discussion if the topics are inspiring

Gathering topics into mind or recording them. Stories which are in memory, stories, jokes, riddles, proverbs, nursery rhymes, songs, games in groups

Different kinds of games e.g. questions cards Discussion circles; topics may be very practical and narrow fielded

from which it is easy to start discussing

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2. Remembering Remembering situations can be either spontaneous or

planned. They can take place in groups of two or more people. In remembering, different kinds of methods can be taken advantage of:

Observing of one´s biography; past, present, future Using pictures, photographs, pictures of the old times in

different themes Items as stimulation on memories; old things, clothes,

magazines, cards, calendars, handicrafts or even a visit to the museum

Music and singing; old folk songs, hymns, pop songs from the youth times

Visual art, painting and drawing; as themes childhood home, school, play ground, way to work

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4. Games and playing

Playing games develops the cognitive as well as the socialabilities and skills. Music games; evaluating the song, competitive singing Games which require thinking and reasoning e.g. which

do not belong to the group Memory games; e.g. names which begin with a certain

letter, crossword puzzles, memory cards Quizzes; direct questions or hint words Group games Physical games and playing; games with throwing

different items Creative games; telling about a picture, painting while

listening to music16

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5. Brain gymnastics

The meaning of brain gymnastics is to maintain and stimulate thinking functioning, memory, concentration, attention, perception.

Examples of brain gymnastics stimulation: Question cards Memory card game A syllable is said and afterwards a word is being made up Numbers from 100 to 1 are being named Puzzles, crossword puzzles, picture riddles

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5.1 Coordination exercises of the brain and muscles.

One hand is tapping the head while rubbing the stomach with the other hand

Folk dancing, senior dancing Pictures are being cut on the contours Different handicrafts Bending and shaking one finger at a time Putting the fingers spread apart one at a time

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5.2 Perception ability and sense perception exercises.

Arranging cans of different weight into a weight order while the eyes are kept shut

Taking hand on the side and fore fingers together while eyes are kept shut

Estimating the running of time e.g. a minute Searching for and crossing all the s-letters in a text Perceiving all the items in the surroundings and defining their

location Circle the same pattern from drawings Stimulating sense of smell with cotton wool which has been soaked in

different flavours e.g. sweet, sour, salty, bitter, cold, warm Tasting e.g. berries and fruits with out seeing them; What are they?

What do they remind of? Listening to different sounds, e.g. animal sounds, sound of chores,

sounds coming from a market place

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6. Celebrations and events

Celebrations and events are moments which the elderly are looking forward to and which are being remembered afterwards.

Examples of celebrations and events: Annual celebration; a traditional Finnish festivity called

Kalevala day, Shrove Tuesday, mayday, Spring end of term celebration, garden parties

Theme event; tradition, culture, children, historical topics Other events, flee market, fashion show, social evening Visitors; school children, day care children, choirs,

musicians

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7. Trips

It is recommended that trips are done in small groups in to places which the elderly have chosen.

Examples of places to go to on trips. Exhibitions Fair Shopping trips Trips into the nature Theatre, concert, restaurants.

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8. Participative activity

Participative home-like activity is part of a psycho-social rehabilitation where physical, social and psychological activities are being combined in a natural way.

Baking Traditional dishes Community effort Other chores

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SOURCES Airila, Airi, 2002. Vanhusten viriketoiminnan

perusteet –opas vanhustyöntekijöille. Kuntokallio Savonen, Marju, 1998. Ideapaketti vanhusten

ryhmien pitäjälle. Moniste. Koivula, Kirsti, 2000. Säpinää syksyyn. Tammer-

paino. Koivula, Kirsti. 2002. Myötätuulta tupaan. Tammer-

paino. Vanhustyönkeskusliitto. 1990. Gerial-visailu 1 ja 2.

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