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WWI and its aftermath

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Beginning of WWI 0 Began with assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand 0 The heir to the Austria-Hungary throne

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Beginning of WWI 0 On July 28, Austria declared war on Serbia 0 Russia mobilized its army on German border 0 On August 1, Germany declared war on Russia 0 Two days later it declared war on France WWI had begun

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Mericans & the War 0 Wilson declared the country neutral 0 Many choose sides especially the many new immigrants to the country 0 Most did not want to join the war, but supported the allies 0 Series of events will eventually lead U.S. into the war

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Moving Toward War 0 Germans announced they would sink any ship around Britain without warning 0 On May 7, 1915, German U-boats (submarines) sunk the British passenger ship, Lusitania 0 1200 passengers including 128 Mericans were killed 0 March 1916, a German U-boat sank a French passenger ship, the Sussex, killing more Mericans

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Moving Toward War 0 Germany promised not to sink any more merchant ships without warning with the Sussex Pledge 0 This pledge helped keep the US out of war a little longer

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Moving Toward War 0 Britain intercepted a message sent from Germany to Mexico known as the Zimmerman Telegram 0 It stated that if Mexico entered the war on Germanys side & attacked U.S., Germany would help Mexico recover lost territory 0 First 3 weeks of March 1917, Germans resumed unrestricted submarine warfare sinking 4 U.S. ships 0 On April 6, Wilson signed a resolution entering U.S. into the Great War

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The Home Front 0 Wilson issued the Selective Service Act of 1917 requiring all men 21-30 to register for draft 0 2.8 million were drafted and another 2 million volunteered

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African Americans in the War 0 400,000 were drafted and about 42,000 served overseas as combat troops 0 Discrimination was encountered and they served in segregated units supervised by white officers 0 Several divisions won distinctive awards for their war efforts

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Women in the Military 0 Women served in the war, but only in non-combat positions 0 Nurses, radio operators, electricians, photographers, pharmacists, torpedo assemblers 0 The Army Nursing Corps served overseas including 10,000 women

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The Home Front 0 War Industries Board created 0 Oversaw war time productions 0 Raw materials, construction of new factories, manufacturing of goods

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Paying For the War 0 Liberty Bonds & Victory Bonds helped raise $ for the war 0 By buying bonds, Mericans were loaning the govt money 0 Taxes were also raised

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Federal Agencies 0 Food Administration 0 Supervised agricultural production, promoted food conservation & rationing 0 Fuel Administration 0 Increased production of coal & oil, daylight savings times, Heatless Mondays

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Federal Agencies 0 National War Labor Board 0 Oversaw cooperation between industry and labor unions 0 Committee on Public Information 0 Used propaganda to rally support for war effort

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Women Support Industries 0 Increased opportunity for women 0 Took jobs vacated by men in the military 0 Factory & manufacturing jobs, shipping & railraod 0 After the war, many women were replaced by men

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The Great Migration 0 Between 300k-500k African Americans left the south to fill factory jobs in the north 0 Changed the racial makeup of northern cities and caused tensions after the war

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Supreme Court Limits Free Speech 0 In landmark case Schenck v U.S., court ruled free speech could be altered during times of clear and present danger 0 Controlled public opinion and stopped antiwar protests

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The Conflict 0 Trench Warfare No Mans Land 0 Reliance on machine gun 0 New Technology 0 Poison gas, tank, airplanes

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The Conflict 0 soldiers were sent overseas were nicknamed doughboys 0 U.S. used convoys to take troops over seas to protect from German U-boat attacks 0 No lives were lost at sea

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The Conflict 0 March 1917, Russia leaves the war with the outbreak of the Bolshevik Revolution allowing Germany to focus fighting the western front

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The War Ends 0 Nov. 11 1918, fighting came to an end when Germany signed an armistice, cease fire, that ended the war 0 Wilson came up with his Fourteen Points, plan to rebuild after the war with the League of Nations being formed to help keep peace 0 Allies thought Wilsons plan was too lenient

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The War Ends 0 Germany signed the Treaty of Versailles, in June 1919 0 Forced to pay $33 billions in reparations, war damages, to the Allies 0 Required Germany to take guilt for the outbreak of the war

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The War Ends 0 Russian and Ottoman empire will dissolve 0 Austria-Hungary split into separate countries 0 9 new countries established including Yugoslavia & Poland

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The Wars Impact Effects of WWI on Economy Rapid InflationStrikes Mass demand for goods

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Rapid Inflation 0 Rationing ends leading people to start buying these goods 0 With a high demand the prices rise about 15 cents a year 0 Inflation greatly increased the cost of living

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Strikes 0 Inflation increased businesses operating costs. They wanted to keep wages low to compensate 0 Strikes occurred because workers wanted higher wages to keep up with inflation

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The Red Scare 0 Mericans became anti-German during and after the war & anti-communist when Russia withdrew 0 Communism became associated with being unpatriotic and disloyal

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The Red Scare 0 The Red Scare became a nationwide panic that Communists, or reds, might seize power 0 Postal Service caught over 30 letters to leading businessmen that exploded when opened suggesting a country wide conspiracy 0 Most believed the bombs were the work of Communists or other revolutionaries

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The Red Scare 0 Palmer Raids, led by General Palmer, were raids on headquarters of radical organizations and homes of suspicious people accused of being led by reds 0 Run through the General Intelligence Division, soon to be FBI, led by J Edgar Hoover 0 Palmer loss credibility when he started predicting events that didnt occur