World War IIWorld War IIDay 5Day 5

The Pacific Front

The Pacific FrontThe Pacific FrontU.S. commander = MacArthurStrategy = island hopping

The Pacific FrontThe Pacific FrontDoolittle Raids on Tokyo “The Great

Raid”Important battles

– Midway June 1942near Hawaii >> stopped Japanese advancement

– Leyte Gulf October 1944kamikaze pilots >> showed dedication

– Iwo Jima & OkinawaFeb-June 194521,000 J./7,000 U.S. in one month (IJ)150,000 J./12,000 U.S. in 3-4 months (OK) 42,000 O

Potsdam ConferencePotsdam Conference July 1945In GermanyTruman now president

–Roosevelt died of a stroke April 12, 1945

Warned Japan of severe consequences if refuse to surrender–“prompt and utter destruction”

Why bomb Hiroshima and Why bomb Hiroshima and Nagasaki?Nagasaki?

(and not Kokura & Niigata)(and not Kokura & Niigata) WereWere

military &military &

IndustrialIndustrial

centerscenters Were leftWere left

““untoucheduntouched””

by warby war

1st bomb: Hiroshima (Fission)

Little Boy/Enola Gay/Tibbets

10 ft long; 2 ft high13-14,000 tons of TNTUranium bombDetonated over city70,000 killed instantlyOver time, another 70,000

diedCancer/birth defectshttp://www.hiroshima-spirit.jp/en/museum/morgue_e12.html

2nd bomb: Nagasaki (Fission)

Fat Man/Bocks Car/Sweeney

8 ft long; 5 ft high21,000 tons of TNTPlutonium bombDetonated outside cityMountain ranges35,000 killed instantlyOver time, another 35,000

killedCancer/birth defects

Today: FUSION BOMBSToday: FUSION BOMBSPU

PrimaryH

Secondary60MT

60,000,000tons of TNT

150-180KT

150,000tons of TNT

Japan surrendered Japan surrendered unconditionally unconditionally

on September 2, 1945on September 2, 1945

((V-J DayV-J Day) on board the ) on board the

USS Missouri.USS Missouri.