Workshop on inventories and projections of GHG and NH3 emissions from agriculture in Central and...

Workshop on inventories and projections of GHG and NH3 Workshop on inventories and projections of GHG and NH3 emissions from agriculture in Central and Eastern Europeemissions from agriculture in Central and Eastern Europe

The Institute for Environment and SustainabilityIspra (Va), Italy, 23-24.06.05

Ass. Prof. Totka Mitova, Ph.D

THE MAIN FACTORS INFLUENCING ON ACTIVITY DATA NECESSARY FOR ESTIMATION AND

CALCULATION OF GHG EMISSION FOR BULGARIA

• UP TO 2007• SPECIAL PROGRAM SAPARD FOR ASSOCIATION IN THE

FIELD OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL AREAS OF EUROPEAN UNITY

• SUBSIDIES GRANTED TO AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS IN BULGARIA ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROGRAMS IN 2005

• AFTER 2007• According to the financial framework, the resources

for Agriculture in Bulgaria in 2007 – 2012, amounting to 1,552 billion Euro

SAPARD IS A “SPECIAL PROGRAM FOR ASSOCIATION IN THE FIELD OF AGRICULTURE AND

RURAL AREAS” OF EUROPEAN UNITY.

• In accordance with this program Bulgaria will receive annually free financial aid amounting to 52 127 000 Euro in period 2000 – 2006. The particular amount of financial aid by EU is determinated at the time of undersign of yearly memorandums.

MEASURE 01 – INVESTMENTS IN FARMS

• This measure includes the support of private investments, orientated to improvement of the quality and technologies for producing of agricultural products in the following sectors:

• Sector 01 – “Milk and dairy-producing”;• Sector 02 – “Meat and meat production”;• Sector 03 – “Sustainable plants”;• Sector 04 – “Vegetables, flowers, perennial ethereal-oil,

cereals, oil-bearing crops, perennial medicinal plants, tobacco – high quality and cotton”;

• Sector 05 – “Eggs and egg products”.

MEASURE 02 – IMPROVEMENT OF THE PROCESSING AND MARKETING OF

AGRICULTURAL AND FISHERY PRODUCTS

• The program is orientated to aid the production, processing and marketing of high-quality products, to meet health-sanitarian requirements and do not pollute the environment.

• Sector 01 – “Vine-production”;• Sector 02 – “Fruits and vegetables”;• Sector 03 – “Milk and dairy products”;• Sector 04 – “Meat-processing”;• Sector 05 – “Fishery and aquaculture”.

MEASURE 03 – Development and diversification of the economical activities, creation of opportunities for multilateral activities and alternative incomes

• Sector 01 – “Rural-village tourism”;• Sector 02 – “Local craftsmanship and agroindustry”;• Sector 03 – “Woodworking and bio-fuels”;• Sector 04 – “Sericulture”;• Sector 05 – “Bee-keeping”;• Sector 06 – “Horse-breeding”;• Sector 07 – “Fishery and aquaculture”;• Sector 08 – “Mushroom-growing”;• Sector 09 – “Processing of ethereal-oil crops,

medicinal plants and mushrooms

MEASURE 05 – Producers’ markets and exchanges

• This measure represents the necessary connection between the producing sector and acceptance of these products from EC market, considering the present condition and the outlook for new niches especially on the international markets. The breeding of competitive and viable structures for marketing of fruits, vegetables, flowers, fish and fish-products means improvement of quality of the products on high prices, including environment protection.

MEASURE 06 – Forestry, afforestation of agricultural lands, investments in forestry enterprises, processing and

marketing of forestry products

• Forestry sector in Bulgaria is traditionally connected with the development of agricultural sector.

• Forestry lands in Bulgaria spread on 3.91 millions ha or 34% from territory of the country and in many cases ensure the income and the employment of the rural population, raw material for wood-processing industry and firewood and also are very important for environment protection.

MEASURE 06 – Forestry, afforestation of agricultural lands, investments in forestry enterprises, processing and

marketing of forestry products

• Admissible investments:• Fulfillment of chosen felling in forest on age lesser than

twenty years and it’s not provided for market timber;• Make second class forest roads;• Improvement of forest roads;• Breeding of forest crops from luxuriated species on

uncultivated agricultural and erosioned lands with tournus of fettling up to 15 years;

• Cultivated (supported) measures of new plantations ensuring their correct grouth and facilitating the protection of pests, foresty deseases and fires;

• Afforest of uncultivated agricultural and erosioned lands;• Afforest of high-stemed and tillered forests with thin white

crow, etc.

SUBSIDIES GRANTED TO AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS IN

BULGARIA ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROGRAMS IN 2005 Total financial resource – 8 600 000 BGN = 4 300 000Euro

• Grant of capital subsidies for establishment of perennial plants of vineyard, roses, fruit-growing massifs, greenhouses for market-gardening and establishment of bee-hives

• Grant of subsidies for reimbursing loan interests • Grant of subsidies for agricultural producers, included in the

Program for alternative agricultural in the area of Rodops, Regional Program for North-west Bulgaria and in Program for enhancement of rural regions in Stranja-Sachar area

Grant of capital subsidies for establishment of perennial plants of vineyard, roses, fruit-growing massifs, greenhouses for market-gardening and establishment of bee-hives

SUBSIDIES GRANTED TO AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS IN BULGARIA ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROGRAMS IN 2005

Provided financial resource – 3 500 000 BGN or 1 750 000 Euro

1. The capital subsidies are granting for: • Establishment of perennial plants of vineyard with quota of

2000BGN/ha or 1000Euro/ha;

• Establishment of perennial plants of fruit-growing massifs with quota of 1500BGN/ha or 750Euro/ha;

• Establishment of perennial plants of roses with quota of 1000BGN/ha or 500Euro/ha;

• Establishment of bee-hives with quota of 10BGN/pce or 5Euro/pce.


ІІ- Grant of subsidies for reimbursing loan interests Provided financial resource – 2 000 000 BGN or 1 000 000

Euro• Reimbursing of interest expenses for young producers

according Program “Plant-growing” and “Stock-breeding”; • Reimbursing of invesment loans for establishment of bee-

hives;• Reimbursing of invesment loans for establishment of

perennial plants of vineyard;• Reimbursing of invesment loans for buying new agricultural

technics


ІІІ. Grant of subsidies for agricultural producers, included in the Program for alternative agricultural in the area of Rodops, Regional Program for North-west Bulgaria and in Program for enhancement of rural regions in Stranja-Sachar area

• Provided financial resource – 3 000 000 BGN or 1 500 000 Euro• For Program “Plant-growing”;• For Program “Stock-breeding” for buying the animals as follows:• Heifers with young and cows with young; Buffalo-calf with young

and buffalo-cow with young; Sows and boars; Ewes; Breeding goats and young goats; Mares with young; Hogs; Layers and pullets for market producing; One day old chick for market producing – broiler direction; One day old chick for market producing – eggs direction; Turkeys, ducks and gooses for market producing; One day turkeys, ducks and gooses for market producing; Ostrich up to 6 months; Rabbits for market producing; Quails for eggs and meat.


ІV. Grant of subsidies for aiding of agricultural producers in buying of certified planting material to ensure sowing seeds

• Provided financial resource – 7 000 000 BGN or 3 500 000 Euro for buying of certified seeds for black oil-bearing sunflower. The subsidy is 3.50BGN/da or 17Euro/ha;

• Provided financial resource – 1 500 000 BGN or 750 000 Euro for buying of certified seeds for vernal barley. The subsidy is 3BGN/da or 15Euro/ha;

• Provided financial resource – 1 050 000 BGN or 500 000 Euro for buying of planting material for potatoes. The subsidy for basic seeds is 220BGN/da or 1100Euro/ha; 180BGN/da or 500Euro/ha for certified planting material and 100BGN/da or 500Euro/ha for potatoes for consumption;

• Provided financial resource – 3 000 000 BGN or 1 500 000 Euro for buying of certified seeds for maize with quota of 3.00BGN/da or 15Euro/ha


V. Grant of subsidies for cultivation of uncultivated lands

Provided financial resource – 1 000 000 BGN or 500 000 Euro and the subsidy is 10BGN/da or 50Euro/ha.


VІ. Grant of subsidies for feeding of animals and birds from National genefund, controlled part of the population and aiding of selection activity in 2005

Provided financial resource – 5 000 000 BGN or 2 500 000 Euro• For National genefund – 2 197 350BGN or 1 200 000Euro• Cows:• Endangered races – 100BGN/head or 50Euro/head• Races with decreasing population – 100BGN/head or 50Euro/head;• Bulls-producers 120BGN/head or 50Euro/head;• Bulls for artificial insemination – 150BGN/head or 75Euro/head;• Bulls for natural insemination – 100BGN/head or 50Euro/head;


• Buffalo-cows:• Races with increasing significance – 90BGN/head or

45Euro/head• Ewes:• Endangered races – 22BGN/head or 11Euro/head;• Races with decreasing population – 22BGN/head or

11Euro/head;• Dairy direction – 18BGN/head or 9Euro/head;• Meat direction – 18BGN/head or 9Euro/head.• Goats:• Races with permanent increasing significance –

18BGN/head or 9Euro/head


Pig-breeding:• Endangered races – 50BGN/head or 25Euro/head• Races with increasing significance – 40BGN/head or 20Euro/headPoultry-raising:• Hen type output lines – 8BGN/head or 4Euro/head• Turkey type output lines – 12BGN/head or 6Euro/headHorse-breeding:• Endangered races, such as:• Mares with young – 170BGN/head or 85Euro/head• Stallions – 190BGN/head or 95Euro/head• Races with decreasing population, such as:• Mares with young – 150BGN/head or 75Euro/head • Stallions – 170BGN/head or 85Euro/head• Races with permanent increasing significance, such as:• Mares with young – 150BGN/head or 75Euro/head• Stallions – 170BGN/head or 85Euro/head


Bee-keeping:• Bee-hives – 18BGN/pce or 9Euro/pceSericulture:• Populations – 40BGN/pce or 20Euro/pceRabbit-breeding:• Breeding rabbits – 10BGN/head or 5Euro/head• Pisciculture – 2100BGN or 1050Euro• To Institute for fishery and aquaculture – science unit, city

of Plovdiv

LEGISLATION CONNECTED WITH VALUATION OF HARMFUL GAS-EMISSIONS

Harmonization of the National legislation in the field of environment activities with the EU thereby

1. Regulation for biological production of plant output – Regulation № 22 dated 04.07.2001;

2. Regulation for biological production of animal output – Regulation № 35 dated 30.08.2001;

3. National Plan for Biological Agriculture;4. Regulation for water protection of nitrate pollution from

agrarian sources and rules for good agrarian practice – Regulation № 2 dated 24.10.2000 / Nitrate directive 91/676/EC/;

5. Directive 92/43/EEC concerning preservation of natural inhabitations and wild flora and fauna 3199L0043;



• According to the financial framework, the resources for Agriculture in Bulgaria in 2007 – 2012, amounting to 1,552 billion Euro and consist of:

• Direct payments (subsidies) – 431 million Euro;

• Market’s support – 388 million Euro;

• Development of the rural regions – 733 million Euro and as follows from the structural funds of EC.



• 1. Direct payments• The resources for direct payments are determined to

the amount of 431 million Euro and will be implementing in the period of 2007 – 2009.

• Bulgaria will have the possibility to supplement the direct payments from the national budget up to 55% from the level of the direct payments in the Unity (towards 30.04.2007), 60% in 2008, 65% in 2009 and from 2010 – by 30%/yearly over applied levels of the direct payments respectively.



• 2. Market’s support

• The market’s support includes the resources, what could be received in case of intervention (in the sectors of field crops, rice, meat, milk, sugar); export’s subsidies in the most of the sectors; aids for increasing the consumption of some products (milk); aids for producing of fresh fruits and vegetables for processing



• Development of the rural regions• According to the EU regulations in the field of

development of the rural regions, a set of measures (30 in number) is giving up. Here, the financial packet includes:

• Resources for development of the rural regions according Chapter “Agriculture” – 733 million Euro for the period of 2007 – 2009 /

• According to the present legislation, a National Rural Development Plan, has been working up;



• Development of the rural regions

• Resources for development of the rural regions from the structural funds /according to the present section “Orientation” of FEOGA, what is a part of the structural funds/ - 20% and 30% from the resources for structural activity for the three years, i.e. between 300 and 400 million Euro.

• Our country begins preparation for the next Plan for development of Agriculture and the rural regions and it will be for the period of 2007 – 20013.

Treaty obligations regarding to development of the rural regions

• Bulgaria can apply the full set of measures according to Regulation 1257/99 and its modification 1783/2003, as well as “temporary” measures (specially granted to the new associated countries).

• The total number of measures for development of the rural regions is 30, according to the Main Regulations of EU.


1. “Compensatory payments” type of measures (supporting on the base of cultivated land areas), what at the present time are financed by the section “Guarantee” of FEOGA.

• Here are included the following measures: unfavourable regions ant regions with some ecological restrictions; archaeology and human attitude to animals; support of afforestation of the agricultural lands and other forest activities; food quality; supplements to the direct payments; technical assistance;


2. “Investment type” measures, what at the present time are financed by the section “Orientation” of FEOGA, as a part of structural funds of EU.

• Here are included the following measures: measures according to Article 33 of Regulation 1257/99, what are totally entired to rural regions (improvement of the lands,, marketing of qualitative agricultural products, main services of agrarian economy, diversification of agrarian activities, management of water resources in agriculture, implementation of the infrastructure in agriculture, tourism/craftsmanship, environment protection, recovery of the potential of agrarian production, financial engineering).


• Exactly what kind of measures will be applied and their priority is a matter of national decision and chosen strategy, but strictly taking into account the present legislation of EU at the time of association. Such a strategy will be prepared as a part of the next National Rural Development Plan for the period of 2007 – 2013.

Treaty obligations achieved in the negotiations on Chapter 7 “Agriculture”

• Bulgaria received base area for field crops (cereals, oil-bearing, protein-content crops) at the rate of 2 625 258 ha.

-Durum wheat- 21 800ha -Lentils, beans and vetch 18 047ha-Rice-4 166ha.• Bulgaria has received additional payments for rice after market-year

2007/2008 at the rate of 345 225Euro per ha, based on average yield of 4 603t/ha.


Fruit and vegetables• National quota for tomato, intended for processing – 156 343 tons;• National quota for peaches, intended for processing – 17 843 tons;• National guaranteed area for shell-coated fruits – 11 984 ha.Wine and liquors• EU grants the rights for new plantation of vineyards at the rate of 1,5%

from the all vineyard potential of Bulgaria /according to the preliminary calculations – 153 500 ha/ towards the date of association.

Tobacco• As a result of negotiations on Chapter “Agriculture”, in Sector

“Tobacco” Bulgaria has received national quota for production of tobacco at the rate of 47 137 tons.


Milk and diary products• For Bulgaria is determined a quota at the rate of 979 000 tons (composed of 722

000 tons for processing and 257 000 tons for direct sales).Cattle-meat• Bulgaria is receiving 90 343 rights for special premiums for he-cattle of the race

of cattle.• Bulgaria is receiving a limit of 16 019 head of animals, subject to premiums for

cows with suckling calves.• Bulgaria is also receiving 22 191 rights for premiums for butchering of old

animals and 101 542 for calves. We are receiving additional payments into the sector at the rate of 380 172 Euros.

Mutton and goat’s meat• Bulgaria is receiving a limit of 2 058 483 head of animals for premiums into the

sector “Mutton and goat’s meat”.• Bulgaria is receiving additional payments into the sector at the rate of 2 176 155

Euro.


VІ. Aiding of feeding of animals and birds from controlled part of the population –

• 2 271 272BGN or 1 135 636Euro• Cattle-stock• Controlled cows with proved origin – 20BGN/head

or 10Euro/head;• Controlled buffalo-cows with proved origin -

25BGN/head or 12Euro/head;• Bull-cows with young from tested bulls -

35BGN/head or 17Euro/head;


6. Directive 79/409 for preservation of the wild birds 31979L0409:

• The low of biological diversity (Official Gazette № 77/2002);

• The low of protected areas (Official Gazette № 133/1998);• The low of hunting and game protection (Official Gazette

№ 78/2000);• The low of medical plants (Official Gazette № 29/2000);• Regulation for development of plan for management of

protected areas (Official Gazette № 13/2000);• The low of fishery and aquacultures (Official Gazette №

41/2001);


7. Regulation EC/338/97 of trading with species of wild flora and fauna 31997R0338;

8. Regulation № 5 dated 01.08.2003 for the conditions and the sequence of plans development activities for plant and animal species in Nature;

9. Convention for protection of the wild European flora and fauna and natural inhabitations (Bern), ratified on 25.01.1991, and came into force for Bulgaria on 01.05.1991, promulgated in Official Gazette № 23/1995;

10. Convention for biological diversity, ratified on 29.02.1996, and came into force for Bulgaria on 16.07.1996, promulgated in Official Gazette № 19/1999;

11. Convention for humid areas having international significance and especially as inhabitation places of aquatic birds (Ramsar), ratified, and came into force for Bulgaria on 24.01.1976, promulgated in Official Gazette № 56/1992;

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