Windows Server

MIS 424

Professor Sandvig

Overview

Role of servers Performance Requirements Server

Hardware Software

Windows Server IIS

Role of Servers

File server WWU U drive CBE J drive – courses

Network printing Mail server Network support

Active Directory Domain Controller DNS Server

Database server Web server

Performance Requirements

Reliability Network services depends upon Operate 24/7

Security Must authenticate and authorize file access

• Web servers exposed to Internet Scalability

Add capacity Support clusters

Performance monitoring tools

Server Hardware

Server Hardware

Hardware runs 24/7 for years

Must be reliable Use:

High quality componentsredundancy

Server Hardware

Reliability Power

• Redundant power supplies• UPS – Uninterruptible Power Supply

Redundant cooling fans Remote Supervisor

• Separate computer that monitors server• Sends message when problem is detected

Storage…

Server Hardware

RAID Storage Redundant Array of Inexpensive Drives

• Combines multiple hard drives No data lost if one fails RAID 1

• 2 or more mirrored disks – each stores same data RAID 5

• 3 or more striped disks with parity RAID 6

• Recover two lost disks Requires RAID controller

Hot swapping Replace disk drive without powering down

Server Hardware

Automated backupsNightly or more frequently

• Tape drive• Network• Amazon S3• Copies off-site

Server Hardware

Yorktown HP ProLiant DL360 G6

• Purchased 2010• ~ $3,200 + storage• 2003 Yorktown ~$15,000

Quad core, 64 bit Dimensions: 1.7” tall 4 hot-swap bays Storage: RAID 0, 1, 5, 10, 50 6 GB RAM (max 144 GB) Redundant hot-swap cooling and power Mirrored memory Lights-out management

• Separate processor w/ web interface• Server diagnostics & restart

No video, audio, keyboard, printer… Windows Server 2008

Sever Software

Several OS available MS Windows – 46% revenue* Unix – 18% Linux - 20% IBM System z – 12%

Our focus: Windows Server

*IDC Worldwide Server Market May 2012

Server Software

In 2013 Server/Tools brought in more money than Windows.

Windows Server

Windows Server built on PC OS Server 2003 Windows XP Server 2008 Windows Vista Server 2012 Windows 8

Server 2003+ ROCKS more later…

Security Default applications: stripped down Minimize attack surface

Configure Server Wizard

Event Logging

Windows Server

Self-healing file system Detects & fixes corrupted files on-the-fly

Hyper-V Server 2008 Create virtual servers

Power Shell Task automation via scripting language

Windows Server 2012

Pricing – complicatedRange $399 - $10,000+

Depends upon:Number of processorsNumber of virtual machinesClient access licenses (CALs)

Amazon

Windows Server

Our interest: Web server:

• Internet Information Services (IIS)• Tightly integrated with Windows

• Permissions• Applications• Error handling

IIS

Role of IIS1. Handle http requests

2. Application reliability

3. Security – check credentials

4. Log activity

IIS – 1. Handle Requests

IIS – Set up web sites

IIS ManagerGUI to manage web site configurationHost multiple web sites on single

server

IIS – Set up new web site

Setup newweb site

IIS – Set up web site

Each web site has many configuration options

Goals:ReliabilitySecurity

IIS – ASP.NET applications

Web sites partitioned intoapplications

Each applicationhas many config.options

Goals:ReliabilitySecurity

IIS – Handle Requests

Application transfers requestto appropriate handler

IIS – Application pools

Applications can become “un-healthy”Memory leaksErrorsAbandoned data stored in Applicationetc. etc.

Become slow Consume lots of memory

IIS – Application pools

Application PoolsAdded in Server 2003

Assign applications to “pools”Each pool is Windows process

Create rules to:close unused applicationsrestart unhealthy applicationsrelease memory

IIS – Application pools

Create new application pools in IIS

IIS – Application pools

Assign applications to pools

IIS – Application pools

Very effective!

IIS - Security

Every request requires authentication and authorization

Anonymous users Permissions from IIS

Network Service account• Built-in Windows account

IIS Security

Assigning identities to requests

IIS Security

Windows permissions on folder

IIS – Log activities

Event log W3 Service log

Summary

Windows Server Popular

Many uses File server, mail server, database server…. Web Server

IIS Provides many configuration options Goals:

• Reliability• Security