02 Cell Theory and Cell Structures (guided notes)

Early contributions for our understanding of the cell:

Robert Hooke was the first person to ______________________Anton Leeuwenhoek saw cells in __________________ , which he called “ ____________________ “

The Cell Theory

1. Every living thing is made of one or more ___________________.2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and ______________________________.3. All cells come from _________________________________ cells.

Answer true or false

1. Robert Hooke was the first person to see cells. ____2. Bacteria cells have a cell membrane.____3. Plant cells have cytoplasm.____4. Cells taken from fungi do not have DNA.____5. Cells can only come from pre-existing cells. ____6. The framework of the cell is called the cytoplasm.____7. The outer boundary of the cell is the cell membrane.____

Cell Features

Ribosomes – make _____________

Cytoplasm – _______________

DNA – ___________

Cytoskeleton – _________________

Cell Membrane – ________________

Prokaryote Cells

First cells | Simple cells | Bacteria

These cells do NOT have a ____________

DNA floats within the _________________

*Bacteria Coloring*

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Matching (see also Bacteria Cell Coloring)

_____ 1. Flagellum

_____ 2. DNA (nucleoid region)

_____ 3. Ribosome

_____ 4. Pilus

_____ 5. Cell Wall

_____ 6. Cell Membrane

_____7. Cell Capsule (E)

_____8. Cytoplasm

_____9. Plasmid

Eukaryotic Cells- plants, animals, protists

Four main parts

1.

2.

3.

4.

Nucleus*Contains the instructions for building a cell and controlling its functions.

● Nuclear Membrane ______________________

● Nucleoplasm ___________________________

● Nucleolus _____________________________

● DNA ______________________________

True or False

1. All cells have a nucleus. _____

2. All cells have a cell membrane. _____

3. The nucleus contains the cell’s DNA. _____

4. Chromatin is made of DNA. _____

5. The nucleolus makes the cell’s DNA. _____

Cell Structures 2Protein Production

The cell is like a factory. Its product is ________________.

1. Mitochondria = cell’s _______________ center

Uses ____________________ and ________________

Process = Cellular ______________________________

It is sometimes called the: _______________________ of the cell

2. Endoplasmic Reticulum

Transport, intracellular _________________

Rough ER contains ___________________Smooth ER does not

3. Golgi Apparatus = packages and ____________ proteins.

It is like a factory or a _______________________

The __________________ is the “package” that can be sent out of the cell.

4. Lysosome - contains __________________________ enzymes which break things down.Also called the “ _____________________________”

*What disease is caused by abnormal lysosomes? __________________________

5. Cytoskeleton - helps maintain the cell’s _______________________ - involved in __________________________ - _____________________________ provide a framework (like our bones) - includes __________________________ for cell divisionStructures that Function in Movement (part of cytoskeleton) __________________ = tail-like structures __________________ = shorter hair like structures

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Protein Production

The cell is like a factory. Its product is ________________.

6. Vacuole = storage area for water and other substancesPlant cells have a large _________________________ vacuole

Label the Animal Cell:

How are Plant Cells different from Animal Cells?

1. A large central __________________stores water.

2. Chloroplasts are used to capture ________________ to

create food (photosynthesis)

3. A cell wall surrounds the cell (outside the membrane)

4. Square-shaped

Label on the drawing the: →

● Vacuole● Cell Wall● Chloroplasts

* Endosymbiosis Theory → Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own ______ (separate from the nucleus)

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