Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM)

Lightwave System

Optically Amplified Fiber Transmission System

Time Division Multiplexing (TDM)

Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM)

Subcarrier Multiplexing (SCM)

CDM and PDM

Hybrid Types

Undersea Transmission Systems

Network Topologies

Network Issues

LAN/WAN/MAN

SONET and SDH

SONET network spans

SONET STS-1 Frame Format

Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI), ANSI X3T9.5

Fault-tolerance

FDDI-II

WDM Networks

Key Features of WDM Network

Advanced Components for DWDM

Hybrid Fiber-Coax (HFC)

CATV (Community Antenna TeleVision)

Broadband Local Access

Cable Modem

Subscriber Loop

Subscriber Loop (cont.)

All Optical Network (AON)

allall-optical network, adalah sebuah jaringan dimana sinyal optik membawa semua informasi dari ujungujung-ke ujung tanpa konversi dari optik ke elektik dan sebaliknya .

Jaringan Telekomunikasi akan datang

Kemajuan teknologi PHOTONIC (terutama WDM) Kebutuhan TERA HZ (THz) All optical networks (AON) Trend Hardware Topologi interkoneksi masa akan datang

Jaringan Telekomunikasi

Central Office Feeder Network

Distribution Network Underground Feed Overhead Feed Street Cabinet

EVOLUSI MENUJU AON

EVOLUSI MENUJU AONOptical signals could only carry information for a limited distance, before it had to be converted to electrical signals to be re-generated Optical amplifiers Reduced the need for electrical regeneration Wavelength Conversion Sub P Multiplexing DWDM

Optical multiplexing of low speed traffic enables to carry signals optically in the network, completely eliminating the need for electrical regeneration.

EVOLUSI MENUJU AON

All Optical Network

Optical Amplifier - EDFA

Transport Layer

IP over SDH

Metode ini mengeliminasi ATM di layer 2 dan menggunakan IP, tapi idenya layer 3 dimuat ke SDH di layer 1

NETWORKING OVER OPTICAL LAYER

PR (Resilient Packet Ring) SRP (Spatial Reuse Protocol)

RPR

Kelompok IEEE 802.17 bekerja pada ide lain Resilient Packet Ring yang disebut RPR Standar ini bertujuan agar perusahaan dan service providers menerapkan metropolitanarea optical bandwidth sehingga ini dapat di distribusikan secara efisien untuk IP, yang fokusnya pada Ethernet, bukan pada SONET/SDH yang fokusnya pada trafik suara Jaringan SONET/SDH disusun dalam dual fiber-optic rings dengan kanal-kanal aktif hanya mengalir pada satu arah saja

RPR

Jika primary ring putus, secondary ring digunakan dan trafik mengalir dengan arah sebaliknya Switchover ini dilakukan segera, salah satu yang menarik dari SONET/SDH karena dapat menjaga koneksi hubungan suara Tetapi karena kebanyakan trafik pada metropolitan-area network (MAN) sekarang adalah data, bukan suara, network latency yg umumnya rendah jadi tidak terlalu kritis

RPR

Beberapa protokol dan aplikasi seperti FTP dan data backup tahan terhadap delay RPR menggunakan dua ring setiap saat Jika satu ring putus, seluruh trafik menuju ke ring lainnya Jadi tergantung pada beban trafik, ring tersebut bisa jadi macet

RPR

Untuk mengatasi kemacetan ini, RPR menerapkan parameter quality-of-service (Qos) sehingga trafik dengan prioritas tinggi dapat bandwidth yg dibutuhkan dan tidak terpengaruh oleh putusnya ring , seperti di SONET/SDH Trafik prioritas rendah, delay nya akan bertambah Service providers yang menerapkan RPR tagihannya lebih besar untuk premium service yg bisa bertahan tanpa tambahan delay dan lebih kecil tagihannya untuk service yang berprioritas lebih rendah pada waktu ring putus

SRP

Teknology yang juga dipertimbangkan oleh IEEE yaitu jaringan ring Cisco's DPT 622 Mbps berbasis SRP (Spatial Reuse Protocol) Ini adalah media access control layer protocol yg dikembangkan oleh Cisco utntuk ring internetworking berbasis paket, yang self-healing dan recovery time nya kurang dari 50ms

EVOLUSI TRANSPORT LAYER

Migrasi SONET/SDH dari network coreEdge Transport SONET DWDM OC-3,OC-12 ATM DS3 DS1,DS3,E1,E3 100BaseT,10BaseT Ethernet Wide Area Network transport Optical Ethernet/MPLS Metro DWDM SONET/SDH OC-12,OC-48,OC-192

Metro DWDM

Optical switches/ Core Transport Long core ultra conversion Hole & switches Wave length Long Hole DWDMSONET/SDH OC-48,OC-192

Multi Lambda

CWDM

Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM) yaitu istilah untuk wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) yang menggunakan hanya beberapa panjang gelombang antara 4 sampai 8 lambda

DWDM

Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) yg idenya nya sama dengan CWDM tapi menggunakan 16 atau lebih panjang gelombang, biasanya 32 sampai 64 untuk saat ini

DWDM

UDWDM

Ultra Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (UDWDM) yg idenya nya sama dengan DWDM tapi menggunakan lebih dari 64 lambda, biasanya 64 sampai 128 lambda.

IP over DWDM

Idenya mengeliminasi sampai SDH layer 1 Disini paket-paket IP diletakkan langsung pada kabel fiber optic

EVOLUSI MENUJU IP OVER OPTIC

LUCCENTS WAVE WRAPPER WaveStar System

Konsolidasi Access - ServicesCPE/CLEFRAD/ RouterATM Router WG Switches ATM Hubs Multiplexer TDM Networks

Voice V.35, HSSI, X.21

PBX

Ethernet ATM Internetworking

Frame Relay

Voice

Video

TDM

Line CardAggregateATM Backbone

Network

Optica Ethernet

PSTN

Fiber to the Business - SONET

Current Network TopologyATM Edge Switch

Digital Loop Carriers ATM Edge Switch

Frame Relay DSLAM

Optical Network

Voice SwitchCable Head End IP Rauter

Remote Access Server

IP Router

PBX Frame Relay

Central Office Point Of PresenceCell Switch

P2P Optical and Copper AccessP2PCopper

O/E/O

Fiber

Perubahan Teknologi

Single Fiber Point-to-Multi-Point

Basic Topology

1.25G 2.5Gbps

49

Optic to Optic Wavelength ConversionEliminating the need for electrical processing No bandwidth limitation 1310,1490 Service transparent

P1, P20

D W D M

WaveLength Conversion

1310,1490 1310,1490

Tomorrow NetworkP1 P2 P1 .P20Optical Network O/O

Digital Loop Carriers ATM Edge Switch

Frame Relay

Remote Access Server

P1 P2

IP Rauter

PBX

Central Office Point Of PresenceCell Switch

Sub P with TDMA multiplexing and wavelength conversion100km 20km

SDHOptical NetworkP1 P20P1, P2 P1, P2 P1, P2 P1, P2

IP

O/O

O/OP1, P2 P1, P2

P1

E1/T1 DS3/OC-N 10/100 Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet Wavelength

All Optical Network with Sub P ServicesSub P Sub PE1/T1 DS3/OC-N 10/100 Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet

Sub P Sub P

Wavelength

Major Answer: Provide all optical edge multiplexing Provide both T1 or T3 service together with direct wavelengths services

Optical Access

The services vs. transmission methodsType of serviceT1/PBX T1/Router 10 Ethernet 100 Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet DS3/E3 OC-N Wave Length

Copper EFM EFM (limited bandwidth)

Fiber

Fiber to the Business - SONET

Fiber to the Business P2MPA cost-effective Solution

Passive Optical Splitter $100 to $1500

SONET vs. P2MP Optical AccessType of ConnectionEntry cost for MTU Network upgrade ability Mature Technology Outside plant Dynamic bandwidth allocation Direct Wave length service

SONET +

P2MP + ++ + +

-

P2P vs. P2MP Optical AccessP2P

O/E/O P2MP

O/ODS3

SME

Large business

P2P vs. P2MP Optical AccessP2P - Optics

P2MP - Optics T1s + Data cost - $1500 All optical solution Save almost 40 % space at C.O Bandwidth and QoS Control Leverage existing fiber connection Save 70% on Maintenance cost

T1s + Data cost $1500 Space consuming at the C.O Limited bandwidth due to the electronics at the C.O No scalability Maintenance of additional box at C.O

E1/T1 the bread-andbutter services

E1/T1 repeater raise major problems for DSL service provisioning and deployment The current solution for that is the HDSL and the New G.SHDSL

Central Office Feeder Network

Distribution Network Underground Feed Overhead Feed Street Cabinet

The Solution for the E1/T1 repeaters problems

DSL solution

Remove all the repeaters and connect the copper Install Multiservice DSLAM at the C.O and P.O.P Replace the CSU/DSU with DSL NT Connect those T1s through fiber optic connection SONET, P2P or P2MP

Optical access solution

Central Office Feeder Network

Distribution Network Underground Feed Overhead Feed Street Cabinet

SDSL vs. P2MP Optical Access

SDSL P2MP - Optics T1 only Cost Cost T1s + Data $400 $1500 T1s + Data cost $1000 Future proof Only 2Mbps No bottlenecks No on demand No need for O/E bandwidth Conversion at C.O No scalability More then 100Mbps Maintenance & per customer SW upgrade at C.O

Applikasi Lainnya

Remote DSLAM Video Over DSLCentral OfficeVideo Head End

A/VDSL A/VDSL A/VDSL

ISPs

A/VDSL A/VDSL A/VDSL

A/VDSL A/VDSL A/VDSL

CorporateDigital Video Overlay channel

Traditional Cable Network - HFCA B C D PH N Primary ring Headend PH50,000 300,000 Homes

SH PH SH N N N5,000 50,000 Homes 250-500 Homes

COAX

Drop

Tap A primary ring B Secondary ring C Fiber distribution D Coax network

The video signal is transmitted over fiber to the node, where it is converted to an electrical signal and forwarded to the subscriber over existing coaxial cable

Cable Network - HFC Extending the fiber closer to home

Fiber Interactive TV Headend Data services Voice ServicesNode

COAX

Node

Cellular Telephony NetworkInterexchange Network (IXC)

MSC BSCBTS BS MS

TSC MSC

Local Exchange Network

Fiber C BS C Wireless Network

Transit Local Loop Switching Center

TOPOLOGI JARINGAN MASA AKAN DATANG