ISCHE 36Institute of Education

London

2014

Nazlin Bhimani

The Representation of War & Peace in the

IOE’s Special Collections

Newsam Library & ArchivesInstitute of Education

University of London

Research Support & Special Collections Librarian

The Newsam Library &Archives

on education from around the world.

The Newsam Library & Archives is one ofthe largest education libraries in Europe.

The main collection contains a copy of

every book on education published in the

UK, and a representation of publications

The Historical Collections

The historical collections comprise 27 special collections and over 100 deposited archive collections.

These are unique historical resources on education, and influential organisations and individuals working in the field.

Many of these are associated with the Institute and others are deposited collections that represent the history of education in the United Kingdom.

…vary in size and coverage.

Some collections such as the History of Education Collection have been built up from a variety of sources.

Many of these collections are libraries of individual scholars which supplement the papers in the Archives collections.

The Special Collections

The following collections are highlighted in this presentation:BBC Broadcasts to SchoolsHistorical Comparative Education CollectionHistorical Textbooks CollectionThe Grantham Number OnesThe Grenfell CollectionThe Official Publications CollectionsSchool Histories Collection

Special Collections Highlights

BBC Broadcasts to SchoolsSpecial Collection at the IOE

About the BBC Broadcasts to Schools Collection at the IOE

This Collection is the BBC's own collection of pamphlets produced to accompany schools radio broadcasts from September 1926 till the late 1970s; the volumes from Summer 1958 and onwards include pamphlets for television broadcasts as well.

The Collection was deposited on permanent loan with the Institute in 1990.

The Second World War brought major challenges for British school broadcasting: national and regional radio variations were temporarily abandoned in favour of a single home service for two hours a day, including a daily five-minute news commentary ‘to explain events arising out of the general news bulletins which might give rise to confusion in the minds of children’

(Source: The Times, 12 July 1940, p. 6).

BBC Broadcasts to Schools

Hans, the refugee from Nazi Germany, continues to ask his questions. Each broadcast is designed to provide vivid material as a starting point for a simple project in citizenship.

BBC’s Citizenship Education

Images source: Kallbach, Wilhelm. (1941). Deutsches Lesebuch für höhere Schulen. Ausgabe für Mädchen, Klasse 1 (Berlin: Weidmannsche Verlagsbuchhandlung).

Comparative Education Collection at the IOE

About the Comparative Education Collection

This collection of resources is made up of two separate departmental libraries in the Institute: the Comparative Education Department Library and the Department of Education in Tropical Areas Library.

The two libraries were amalgamated in 1969 and consist of books and pamphlets from all over the world, mainly from the period 1900-1980.

Source: Kallbach, Wilhelm. (1941). Deutsches Lesebuch für höhere Schulen. Ausgabe für Mädchen, Klasse 1 (Berlin: Weidmannsche Verlagsbuchhandlung).

Comparative EducationCollection

The History of Education Special Collection at the IOE

About the History of Education Collection at the IOE

This collection consists of books and pamphlets (160 metres of shelving) on all aspects of education published before 1940.

There about 1,200 items published in the 16-18th centuries, but the bulk of the material dates from the 19th and 20th centuries.

Included in this collection are about 150 bound volumes of 19th and 20th century pamphlets amassed by the Ministry and Departments of Education.

Historical Textbooks Special Collection at the IOE

About the Historical TextbooksCollection

This is a large collection of c.22,000 British school textbooks, dating from 1890 onwards.

The collection represents all educational levels, from nursery to sixth form.

It covers all aspects of the curriculum, with particular strengths in history and science.

For the historian of education, textbooks are useful sources of information on much more than the development of the school curriculum. They provide evidence of what was defined as ‘legitimate knowledge’ and they communicate national concepts of identity.

The Historical Textbooks Collectionat the IOE

Among the possible causes of war, education holds a particular and significant place … for in so far as it embodies dangerous nationalistic prejudices, it is a means of disseminating them constantly to all the people. It is the seed of international discord for both present and future generations.”

A.M. Schlesinger, in the ‘Introduction’ to A. Walworth’s School Histories at War: Study of the Treatment of Wars in Secondary School History Books of the United States and in

those of its Former Enemies (Cambridge, MA, 1938), pp. xiii-xx.

The Historical TextbooksCollection at the IOE

“Practically all history teaching is propaganda, some open, some ‘slyly insinuated’”

Source: A. Walworth’s School Histories at War: Study of the Treatment of Wars in Secondary School History Books of the United States and in those of its Former Enemies (Cambridge, MA, 1938), 373.

Source: The Mercury (Tuesday 17 January 1939), page 6. Accessed from http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/printArticlePdf/25581082/3?print=n [07.07.14]

The Poison Called History

The representations of Africa from WWII to the present in English and German textbooks in relation to their underlying social debates.

Geography Textbooks Collection at the IOE

Geography text books provide much interesting evidence of other aspects of everyday life in past eras.

In addition to the ‘factual’ presentation of contemporary life in text and illustrations, they often reveal prevailing attitudes.

Their presentation of other races and cultures, for instance, or of the British Empire, demonstrates the accepted view of the establishment at the time of their publication.

Geography Textbooks Collection

In 2009, the Frederick Soddy Trust provides funding to catalogue c4,200 Geography Textbooks – books from the Historic Textbooks Collection and donations from the University of Cambridge and the University of Southampton Library.

“If the fate of the nation may depend on a battle, a battle may depend on a knowledge of geography.”

Royal Geographical Society. (1886) Report of the Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society in Reference to Improvement in Geographical Education (Keltie Report), p. 36.

Geography Textbooks Collectionat the IOE

“New trends of history textbook research acknowledge that textbooks are produced somewhere between politics, economics, science and education. They define “legitimate knowledge” and they communicate desired concepts of national identity.

“If you analyse a textbook and keep the complex character and the social and political contexts of the textbook in mind, the analysis tells you something about social change.”

Lars Müller – Research Fellow, Georg Eckert Institute

Textbook Research

The Grantham Collection ofNumber Ones at the IOE

About Grantham Number Ones Collection at the IOE

This collection consists of 71 volumes of the first issues of a variety of journals on all subjects dating from 1850 to 1930.

It was put together by Major William Wilson Grantham (1866-1942), at one time Deputy Chairman of the London County Council, and deposited at County Hall in 1933.

It then passed to the Institute of Education, along with other materials from the Inner London Education Authority, in 1990.

Grantham Number Ones Collectionat the IOE

The Grantham Collectionat the IOE

The Grenfell Collection

About the Grenfell Collection at the IOECapt. Francis H. Grenfell was appointed the first assistant superintendent of the Navy's Gymnastic Department in the early 1900s.

He was instrumental in getting the much admired Swedish system adopted by naval gymnastic schools.

After leaving the Navy, he taught in schools (including Eton College) until 1909 when he became an H.M. Inspector of Physical Training for the Board of Education's new medical department.

He wanted physical education to have a respected place in the curriculum, with fully trained teachers.

Grenfell amassed an extensive collection of late 19th and early 20th century books and journals on physical education in its broadest sense and donated it to the Board of Education in 1934.

The Department for Education, deposited the Collection (which takes up14 metres of shelving) with the Institute in 1992.

The Grenfell Collectionat the IOE

The Official Publicationsat the IOE

About the Official Publications Collection at the IOE This is an almost comprehensive collection of official

reports, taking up 200 metres of shelving of print resources on legislation and other publications on education and related subjects for all parts of the United Kingdom.

Publications of semi-official education organisations (quangos) are included, as are those of other groups (such as political parties and trade unions), when they relate to education.

The earliest documents date from the Government's first involvement in education from the 1850s, and new items are added to the collection as they appear.

The Official Publications Collection at the IOE

The Official Publications Collection at the IOE

The Official Publications Collection at the IOE

The Official Publications Collection at the IOE

The Official Publications Collection at the IOE

The Official Publications Collection at the IOE

School Histories Collectioncollege and university

About the School HistoriesCollection The School Histories

Collections has c. 1,700 books from the early part of the 20th century to the present time.

The histories, often written by former pupils/educationalists, tell the stories of individual schools and their communities across Britain.

Schools range from local village schools to secondary modern, grammar, comprehensive and public (private) schools.

This collection provides a wealth of information about all aspects of school life including the impact of the wars on British schools.

“As the war continued more men were called up, and in September 1916, Mr. Strubell, the headmaster, reported:

‘Out of the seven male teachers in the school only Mr. Green [an uncertificated assistant who was medically unfit for service] and myself remain.’

At a time when food was short, the school garden was of extra importance ….”

The School HistoriesCollection at the IOE

The School HistoriesCollection at the IOE

“The war passed over us, except for rationing, as we did not see

any newspapers and of course there was no radio or television. I

remember how shocked I was in the holiday to see a newspaper

placard with the number of casualties in the battle of Somme. The

girl with the plaits lost her brother and my brother was wounded.”

“This was wartime …. We had margarine on our bread and the

margarine in those days couldn’t possibly be mistaken for butter.

…we took it in turns – a dollop of jam [from our tuck boxes] to

disguise the margarine ….”

Shaw, A.M. (1983) When you were there Reflections on Edgehill College 1884-1984, pp. 24-25.

“In September/October 1918 the school was closed for a total of 15 days for blackberrying. During this time the boys picked 18 cwt 2 qrt 14 Ib of fruit, winning a silver cup… as well as receiving some payment for their efforts.

The Armistice of November 11th brought great relief and joy to the nation, but it was not until the new year that the school returned to a degree of normality.”

The School HistoriesCollection at the IOE

Information on the

Newsam Library & Archives Special Collections

is at

http://libguides.ioe.ac.uk/specialcollections