Viral Skin Diseases Herpes Simplex Virus HSV-1 & HSV-2 n Frequently benign but can cause severe...
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Transcript of Viral Skin Diseases Herpes Simplex Virus HSV-1 & HSV-2 n Frequently benign but can cause severe...
Viral Skin DiseasesViral Skin Diseases
Herpes Simplex Herpes Simplex VirusVirus
HSV-1 & HSV-2HSV-1 & HSV-2
Frequently benign but can cause severe Frequently benign but can cause severe diseases.diseases. The clinical course is characterized The clinical course is characterized
by by 22 stages: stages: a primary infectiona primary infection and and recurrent episodesrecurrent episodes..
PathophysiologyPathophysiology
The virus enters the host through either The virus enters the host through either a break in the skin or intact mucus a break in the skin or intact mucus membrane. The virus invades sensory membrane. The virus invades sensory neurons and is transported to the neurons and is transported to the sensory ganglia where it lies dormant.sensory ganglia where it lies dormant.
SymptomsSymptoms
At first there is a burning, itching, tingling At first there is a burning, itching, tingling sensation in the area where the lesion will sensation in the area where the lesion will form.form.
There is also There is also painpain, , feverfever, , swollen lymph swollen lymph nodesnodes and and malaisemalaise..
The lesion appears as The lesion appears as vesiclevesicle 1-3 mm in 1-3 mm in diameter.diameter.
The boarder around the vesicle may be red The boarder around the vesicle may be red and inflamed.and inflamed.
Fully developed lesions has a crusty Fully developed lesions has a crusty cover and if there is pus under the crust cover and if there is pus under the crust that may indicate a secondary bacterial that may indicate a secondary bacterial infection.infection.
The whole symptomatic process The whole symptomatic process typically lasts typically lasts 10-14 days10-14 days and heals and heals without scarring.without scarring.
RecurrenceRecurrence
UV radiation, stress, fatigue, UV radiation, stress, fatigue, burn, fever, injury, menstruation, burn, fever, injury, menstruation, dental procedures, infectious dental procedures, infectious disease and immunosuppresiondisease and immunosuppresion. .
Types:Types:
1.1. Herpes Simplex Labialis.Herpes Simplex Labialis.
2.2. Herpetic Gingivostomatits.Herpetic Gingivostomatits.
3.3. Herpetic whitlow.Herpetic whitlow.
4.4. Anorectal herpes.Anorectal herpes.
5.5. Genital ulcers Genital ulcers (HSV2).(HSV2).
6.6. Eczema herpeticum.Eczema herpeticum.
Herpes Simplex LabialisHerpes Simplex Labialis
Herpetic whitlowHerpetic whitlow
Eczema herpeticumEczema herpeticum
All over the skinAll over the skin Usually found in childrenUsually found in children
Genital herpesGenital herpes
Rectal herpesRectal herpes
Herpes gladiatorum Herpes gladiatorum
Head, neck and chestHead, neck and chest Usually contracted by wrestlers Usually contracted by wrestlers
Treatment:Treatment:
AcyclovirAcyclovir
200 mg/5 times a day for 5 days.200 mg/5 times a day for 5 days.
ChickenpoxChickenpox
Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease that causes skin lesions in children.that causes skin lesions in children. Transmitted through direct contact Transmitted through direct contact
with lesions and respiratory secretions.with lesions and respiratory secretions. Chickenpox is caused by the Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-varicella-
zoster viruszoster virus (VZV). (VZV).
SymptomsSymptoms
I.P;I.P; 10-23 days 10-23 days Chickenpox causes a red, itchy rash on Chickenpox causes a red, itchy rash on
the skin that usually the skin that usually appears first on appears first on the abdomen or backthe abdomen or back then spreads to then spreads to almost everywhere else on the body, almost everywhere else on the body, including the scalp, mouth, nose, ears including the scalp, mouth, nose, ears and genitalsand genitals..
The rash begins as multiple small, red The rash begins as multiple small, red papules that look like insect bitespapules that look like insect bites. . They They develop into develop into vesiclesvesicles filled with clear fluid. filled with clear fluid.
The blister wall breaks, leaving open The blister wall breaks, leaving open sores, which finally crust over to become sores, which finally crust over to become dry, brown scabs. dry, brown scabs.
Some kids have a fever, abdominal pain, Some kids have a fever, abdominal pain, sore throat, headache, or a vague sick sore throat, headache, or a vague sick feeling a day or 2 before the rash appears.feeling a day or 2 before the rash appears.
Treatment:Treatment:
Only symptomatic.Only symptomatic.
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
Herpes zoster is caused by the same virus as Herpes zoster is caused by the same virus as chicken pox chicken pox (VZV)(VZV)..
Zoster typically causes more pain and less Zoster typically causes more pain and less itching than chicken poxitching than chicken pox. . A person may feel A person may feel burning, itching, tinglingburning, itching, tingling.. These symptoms These symptoms are typically present for are typically present for 1-3 days1-3 days, before a , before a red rash appears in the same areared rash appears in the same area..
Then groups of Then groups of vesiclesvesicles appear, which appear, which generally last for generally last for 2-3 weeks2-3 weeks..
Clinical Types:Clinical Types:
1.1. Ordinary H.Z.Ordinary H.Z.
2.2. Disseminated H.Z.Disseminated H.Z.
3.3. Ophthalmic H.Z.Ophthalmic H.Z.
4.4. H.Z. oticus.H.Z. oticus.
ComplicationsComplications
1.1. Postherpetic neuralgia Postherpetic neuralgia ((PHNPHN))..
2.2. Severe disease may show Severe disease may show hemorrhagic, bullous and gangrenous hemorrhagic, bullous and gangrenous lesions.lesions.
3.3. Motor involvement: facial palsy.Motor involvement: facial palsy.
4.4. Ocular complications: uveitis, keratitis Ocular complications: uveitis, keratitis and conjunctivitis. and conjunctivitis.
Treatment:Treatment:
AcyclovirAcyclovir
800 mg/5 times a day for 7-10 days.800 mg/5 times a day for 7-10 days.
WartsWarts
Warts are caused by human papilloma Warts are caused by human papilloma viruses viruses (HPV).(HPV).
Clinical Varieties:Clinical Varieties:
1.1. Common wartsCommon warts
2. Filiform warts;2. Filiform warts;
3. Plan warts;3. Plan warts;
4. Plantar warts;4. Plantar warts;
5. Condylomata accuminata;5. Condylomata accuminata;
Treatment:Treatment:
1.1. Electrocautry.Electrocautry.
2.2. Cryosurgery.Cryosurgery.
3.3. Keratolytic therapy; 5-20% salicylic Keratolytic therapy; 5-20% salicylic acid and 5-20% lactic acid in flexible acid and 5-20% lactic acid in flexible collodion.collodion.
4.4. Podophyllin resin 25%.Podophyllin resin 25%.
5.5. Laser therapy.Laser therapy.
Molluscum ContagiosumMolluscum Contagiosum
The infecting virus is a pox virus called The infecting virus is a pox virus called the the molluscum contagiosum virusmolluscum contagiosum virus (MCV).(MCV).
Molluscum contagiosumMolluscum contagiosum lesions are lesions are flesh-colored, dome-shaped, and pearly flesh-colored, dome-shaped, and pearly in appearance. They are often 1–5 in appearance. They are often 1–5 millimeters in diameter, with a dimpled millimeters in diameter, with a dimpled center. center.
Treatment:Treatment:
1.1. Cryotherapy.Cryotherapy.
2.2. Removal with sharp curette.Removal with sharp curette.
3.3. Electrocautry.Electrocautry.
4.4. Topical tretinoin.Topical tretinoin.
THE ENDTHE END