Policies related to DRR onNepalese Disaster ManagementNepalese Disaster Management

Presented byPresented by

Rameshwor DangalRameshwor Dangal

Under SecretaryUnder Secretary

Ministry of Home AffairsMinistry of Home Affairs

Disaster Management SectionDisaster Management Section

WWW.DRRGON.GOV.NPWWW.DRRGON.GOV.NP

Major Natural Disasters in Nepal

Floods

Landslides

Earthquake

Fire

Droughts

Glacier lake out burst flood

Windstorms

Hailstone

Thunderbolt

Avalanches

Epidemics

Swine flu, Bird flu,

3

• Hydro-Meteorological Disasters

– Flood, Storm (Cyclone, Tornado), Storm Surge, Drought, Forest Fire

• Geophysical Disasters

– Earthquake, Tsunami, Volcanic Eruption, Landslide, Avalanche

• Biological Disasters

– Epidemics, pandemics, Insect Infestation, swine flu, Avian Influenza

Natural DisastersNatural Disasters

4

TechnologicaTechnological Disastersl Disasters

• Industrial accident

– Chemical spills, Industrial collapses, explosions, gas leaks, poisoning, radiation, etc.

– Transport accidents

– By air, rail, road, water transport,

• - Miscellaneous accidents

•Collapse of non-industrial structures, explosions, fire, Nuclear accidents etc.

5

Complex DisastersComplex Disasters

•Civil Unrest / War / Refugee Problems

•Ethnic Cleansing

•Border Disputes

•Terrorism

Natural threats to human ( by Floods )

Tsunami

Earthquake

Some facts

Exposed to two disasters at any time

1.06 reporting of natural disaster/day

In last 24 years 1000 people/year lost their lives 33 billion rupees lost

MoHA has data about 8 types of disaster since 1983

Disaster Management CycleDisaster Management Cycle

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;+:yfut Joj:yf -Institutional Arrangement)

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s]Gb|Lo b}jL k|sf]k p4f/ ;ldlt -u[x dGqL cWoIf_ Central Natural Disaster Rescue Committee

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If]qLo b}jL k|sf]k p4f/ ;ldltRegional Natural Disaster Rescue Committee

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lhNnf b}jL k|sf]k p4f/ ;ldltDistrict Disaster Rescue Committee

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cGt/fli6«o ;xeflutf

• UN different institutionUN different institution

• Asian Disaster Preparedness Center Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) Bangkok(ADPC) Bangkok

• Asian Disaster Reduction Center Asian Disaster Reduction Center (ADRC)Kobe Japan(ADRC)Kobe Japan

• SAARC Disaster Management CenterSAARC Disaster Management Center

• UN International Strategy for Disaster UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UN ISDR)Reduction (UN ISDR)

• INGOsINGOs

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Focus of the Act: Response

Rescue Saptakoshi Flood, 2008

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b}jL k|sf]k p4f/ sf]if -jflif{s % s/f]8_ s]Gb|Lo,If]qLo / lhNnf (CNDRC Fund - Center, Regional and District - 50 Million NRs. Yearly)

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pknlAwx?• Response (Light Search/Rescue and Relief) Capacity from

Central to Local• Small Scale Contingency Plan/Preparedness Plan• Relief Distribution Standard by MoHA• Mitigation-based development activities by DWIDP, DOFSC,

Building Code, etc. • Some Municipality-based Earthquake Preparedness Plan• Hazard Mapping in small scale• NGOs/INGOs • Technical Capacity is Increasing in DDCs, Community• Early Warning System gradually developing, eg:

Kailali,Banke,Chitawan,Bardia,Nawalparasi

pknlAwx?• Committment-Hyogo Framwork for Action (2005-2015)

• National Platform on Disaster Risk Reduction is established -ljkb hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f /fli6|o sfo{d~r :yflkt_

• Sectoral-Responsibilities are defined• One-Window Policy, Cluster Approach (expertise-based)• Damage Assessment Tool (format) are developed - IRA• New Disaster Management Act is in under consideration• Focal Points Establishment at 12 Ministries/NPC/WECS• District Disaster Management Plan Development in 10 Districts• Response Kits Standardized! (Food, Hygiene, Shelter)

Forward Moving Strategies: Priority Actions of Nepal

• A nationally-owned and A nationally-owned and implementable national strategyimplementable national strategy on on disaster risk reduction to implement HFAdisaster risk reduction to implement HFA

• Mainstreaming disaster risk reductionMainstreaming disaster risk reduction into national and local into national and local level planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation level planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation frameworksframeworks

• Strong institutional baseStrong institutional base for effective response to disaster risk for effective response to disaster risk preparedness and reduction: Networked, decentralized, preparedness and reduction: Networked, decentralized, entrepreneurial, collaborative, professional and virtualentrepreneurial, collaborative, professional and virtual

• Strengthening prevention and preparednessStrengthening prevention and preparedness: systems, : systems, mechanisms, methodologies and actionsmechanisms, methodologies and actions

• Scientific, educational and technological interventionsScientific, educational and technological interventions• Behaviour-changeBehaviour-change • Reconstruction, recovery, relocation and rehabilitationReconstruction, recovery, relocation and rehabilitation• Sub-regional,Sub-regional, regional and regional and international cooperationinternational cooperation and and

collaboration: SDMCcollaboration: SDMC

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•ljkb\ Joj:yfkg P]g d:of}bf (Disaster Management Act is finalised )

• Standard Operating Procedures

•Preparedness Plans shall be developed !

•Contingency Plans Shall be developed!

Dis

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r R

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$_g]kfnnfO{ ljkb pTyfgzLn $_g]kfnnfO{ ljkb pTyfgzLn (Disaster-Resilient (Disaster-Resilient Nepal) Nepal) ;d'bfosf] ?kdf :yflkt ug]{;d'bfosf] ?kdf :yflkt ug]{

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/0fgLltsf If]qut ls|ofsnfk• Sector-specific strategies

– Health and Nutrition– Education– Water Supply and sanitation– Shelter Housing , infrastructural

and physical planning– Information, communication,

coordination and logistics– Search and rescue (SAR)and

Damage/Need analysis (DANA)– Agriculture and food security– Livelihood protection

– Forest and soil conservation

• Cross-cutting interventions– Human rights and

protection– Gender and

social inclusion– Staff safety and

security– Decentralization

and local self-governance

Search and Rescue (SAR)

Proposed Disaster Management Act

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Risk Management

PreparednessRescue and Relief Rehabilitation and Reconstruction

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Devastation

Millions of people lost their beloved ones, their homes, their belongings. Yetthere is no looting, no complaints, just people helping each other (CNN )

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SUMMARY of the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015:Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters (Hyogo Framework)Expected outcome, strategic goals and priorities for action 2005-2015

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af9L k"j{tof/L of]hgfaf9L k"j{tof/L of]hgf Pandemic Preparedness Pandemic Preparedness PlanPlan